Collecting, organizing and preserving ancient books、It is of great significance to inherit the excellent traditional Chinese culture，It also requires a lot of time and effort。Du Zexun, a professor at the School of Liberal Arts of Shandong University, has been involved in this research field for more than 30 years，He presided over or participated in a series of large-scale document compilation projects such as "Supplements of Qing History Manuscripts and Art and Literature", "Four Inventory Notes", "Shangshu Notes and Collection"，Remarkable achievements，Widely influential in academia。From Professor Du Zexun，We see a philologist’s rigorous and solid style of study for decades。It is precisely because bet365 champions league academic lineage passed down from generation to generation，Only then can China’s excellent traditional culture be continued。For students and young scholars，Professor Du Zexun always has high hopes，Don’t hesitate to give guidance，Collecting and researching his accumulated experience in philology，Teach with everything you have。Recently，In the Economics Department of Shandong University which he founded，Professor Du Zexun was interviewed by this reporter。

　　Getting acquainted with “Siku bet365 champions league”

　　"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": Determined to write a graduation thesis about "Sikuquanshu" from the period of schooling，Not long after starting work, he participated bet365 champions league "Siku Quanshu Catalog Series" project hosted by Mr. Ji Xianlin，Later, your monograph "Notes on Four Inventory Targets" came out，What is your experience of becoming associated with “Siku Studies”？

bet365 champions league:The title of my master's thesis is "Research on the Summary bet365 champions league General Catalog of Sikuquanshu"，Also part bet365 champions league so-called "Siku Study"。1992，I accidentally bought a thread-bound book at the Haiwangcun Secondhand Bookstore in Liulichang, Beijing，Only includes those books that are not included in "Sikuquanshu" but mentioned in "Summary bet365 champions league General Catalog of Sikuquanshu"，That is, "Four Inventories"。I bought "Four Stock Lists" and started investigating: whether these books still exist？If any，Where to hide？What version is it？Not long，The State Council’s third national ancient books compilation and publishing planning meeting was held in Beijing。Mr. Hu Daojing and Zhou Shaoliang talked about it at the meeting，The "Four Inventories" are very important，Targeted investigation and research should be carried out。I realize，This is a great opportunity。After discussing with my tutor Mr. Dong Zhian，Mr. Dong asked me to write an argument and send it to important scholars in the academic world，Ask for comments。Later，This argument is titled "Four Inventory Target Annotation Examples"，Published in "Ancient Books Briefing"。When the "Sikuquanshu Cumu Series" (hereinafter referred to as the "Cumu Series") project is officially launched，The Ancient Books Group bet365 champions league State Council entrusted me with the inspection work。

At the beginning bet365 champions league "Cunmu Series" edited by Mr. Ji Xianlin，The labeling bet365 champions league storage purpose has not been completed，After my census，Select the best information to the editorial board of "Cunmu Series"。But for researchers，Other information that has not been included in the "Cunmu Series" is also very important。So，I will continue to promote the work of "Four Inventory Target Notes" that I am responsible for，This book has detailed explanations for each item。So，As a bibliographic worker，"Notes on the Four Inventory Targets" is the most important book for me。It is also through this work，I initially gained recognition from the academic community。This work lasted about 15 years。During this period, I also need to take care bet365 champions league compilation work bet365 champions league "Compilation Notes bet365 champions league Twenty-Four Histories" assigned by Mr. Wang Shaozeng，And I will not slack off at all in the teaching tasks assigned to me by the school，As a result, work was frequently interrupted。Because bet365 champions league requirements for professional title evaluation，I also put down my work to learn foreign languages，I am also very devoted to learning，Articles learned at that time，Still deeply impressed。So much so that I sometimes imagine，If you were engaged in foreign literature research，It should be possible。But there are many things in the world，We can’t learn everything，Can only focus on one thing。

　　"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": Nowadays, the academic circle proposes to form the "Siku Study" as an explicit study，What do you think about bet365 champions league？

bet365 champions league:“Siku Studies” needs to pay attention to two central tasks，First, taking "Sikuquanshu" as the research center；The second is "Summary bet365 champions league General Catalog of Sikuquanshu"，This is a major summary of Chinese culture during the Qianlong period，Its authority cannot be surpassed yet，Therefore, the "Summary bet365 champions league General Catalog of Sikuquanshu" truly represents the core academic achievements bet365 champions league Qianlong period。"Sikuquanshu" and "Sikuquanshu General Catalog Summary" are the core bet365 champions league research，These two results include encyclopedia，Requires the participation of many people。As far as I am concerned，Only competent in version directory work，It is impossible to study the writings in "Sikuquanshu" as a whole。My job is to provide a good version，And explain what other versions there are in this world。Scholars will sort and proofread based on the information I provided，can present the best results。Society needs division of labor，Academics also need division of labor。Since we need to divide labor，Those who study Siku Studies must cover various disciplines of literature, history and philosophy，You cannot form a team if you are not in the same discipline。But we should also follow academic rules，Don’t blindly study in groups。Different scholars have their own preferences，Accumulation over time，A result group with different characteristics will naturally form。

　A comprehensive survey bet365 champions league writings of Qing people is voluminous

"China Social Sciences Journal": In your early years, you participated in the "Collection of bet365 champions league History Manuscripts and Art and Literature" project，In your opinion，What are the shortcomings of previous research on "Yiwenzhi"？What approach did your mentor Mr. Wang Shaozeng take？

bet365 champions league:The greatest achievement of history compilation in the past dynasties is the "Twenty-Four Histories"，From "Historical Records" to "History bet365 champions league Ming Dynasty"，It can be called the continuation of national history，And "Yiwenzhi" is auxiliary。Starting from "Book of Han" to "Yiwenzhi"，Reflecting the achievements of book collection and organization in the Han Dynasty。"History of Ming Dynasty·Yiwenzhi" reflects the status of writings by people in the Ming Dynasty，The "Guo Shi Jing Ji Zhi" compiled by Jiao Hong bet365 champions league Ming Dynasty reflects the situation bet365 champions league book collection in the Ming Dynasty。So，Integrate "History of Ming Dynasty·Yiwenzhi" and Jiao Hong's "Historical Records of National History"，There will be mutual compensation。There are also some "Twenty-Four Histories" that do not have "Yi Wen Zhi"，So since the Song Dynasty，Especially the Qing Dynasty，People began to make up for those "Yiwenzhi" that were not available。The people bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty followed the method of "History of Ming Dynasty·Art and Literature"。So，"Yiwenzhi" has two approaches in history，Or it may reflect the situation bet365 champions league book collection in that dynasty，Or the status bet365 champions league writings of this dynasty。Both approaches are useful。

"Manuscripts of Qing History·Art and Literature" contains 9,000 works bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty，However，Even so，There are still many outstanding works confiscated from the Qing Dynasty，Therefore，The "Supplement to the Qing History Manuscripts on Art and Literature" (hereinafter referred to as the "Supplement") completed by Wu Zuocheng appeared。In addition，Gu Jiegang also edited "A Study of Writings bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty"，In fact, it is also a re-cultivation of art and literature，Xiao Yishan also had similar results，They are all famous experts in Qing history。But，The materials mastered in these works are still very different，So Mr. Wang Shaozeng presided over the work of "Supplements to Qing History Manuscripts and Art and Literature" (hereinafter referred to as "Supplements")，It is to sort out the works of Qing people that were not included in the "Manuscripts of Qing History·Yiwenzhi" and "Supplement" published by Zhonghua Book Company。

　　"China Social Sciences Journal": that is to say，The practice of editing "Yiwenzhi" in the Ming and bet365 champions league Dynasties is still adopted？

bet365 champions league:Yes。Wu Zuocheng's "Supplement" contains more than 10,000 Qing writings，Added 9000 items from the previous "Manuscripts of Qing History·Yiwenzhi"，About 20,000 species。Mr. Wang’s "Supplements" compiled another 55,000 items。Overall view，There are about 75,000 works bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty。At the beginning bet365 champions league 21st century, the country launched the project of revising "Qing History"，The question is raised again: How many books did the Qing Dynasty write？How to reflect the cultural and academic achievements bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty？It is determined that we will undertake the two sub-projects of "General Catalog of Qing People's Writings" and "Qing History·Art and Literature"。Afterwards，Mr. Dai Yi changed the name of "History bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty·Yiwen Zhi" to "History bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty·Classics Records" (hereinafter referred to as "Classics Records")，The method adopted is still to revise "History bet365 champions league Ming Dynasty"，That is, only the works of Qing people will be considered，Do not consider the collection of books from the Qing Dynasty。The "General Catalog of Qing People's Writings" we completed on the basis of our predecessors，The number of included books has reached 227,000。Even so，You can’t just say it’s all collected，I can only say that we will act within our capabilities。We wrote 1.3 million cards，Select more than 20,000 kinds of essences from more than 200,000 kinds of books，formed the "Classics Chronicle" hosted by Mr. Dai Yi。

　　"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": What criteria are used to compile and select "bet365 champions league"？

bet365 champions league:"Classics" requires the selection of excellent works，So we must seek objective standards。The original idea was to hire experts from various fields to select from the bibliography，But later I found out that it was actually impossible，Because there are too many books，Even from the reading scope of a large number of experts，Also far out of proportion，So we need to find more objective basis。Qian Zhonglian once admitted in the preface of "Dictionary of Chinese Writers: Qing Dynasty Volume" that it is impossible to list how many writers in the Qing Dynasty，And emphasize that such screening needs to be based on evidence。And his basis is "Wan Qingyi Poetry Collection" hosted by Xu Shichang，And some other references。I probably also hold this view，The reference basis comes from "Thirty-three Qing Dynasty Biographies Comprehensive Quotations" compiled by Harvard-Yenching Institute。Before this，I also participated in the "Compilation of Poetry and Prosecutions bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty" project。Professor Huang Aiping asked me、Qi Yongxiang and the History of History were reformed into the "History bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty" project and more than 3,000 items were selected in the "Qing Dynasty Special Collection Series"，Teacher Shi chooses the second paragraph，Teacher Qi selected the section，I am responsible for the previous paragraph，More than 1,000 choices per person。There were already two results，That is, "General Catalog of Collections of Qing People" and "Summary bet365 champions league General Catalog of Collected Poems of Qing Dynasties"。We decided to choose between these two books。The first thing to consider is the person whose biography is in "Biographies of Qing History"，But I found that many people who have passed the biography do not have anthologies，Some people have collections but not biographies，Need to exclude；There are still some people who are not biographed in "History bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty"，But celebrities，For example, Pu Songling、Wu Jingzi，So I will add another part。Of course，Not all Qing people’s works are collections，Scripture、History、Zihe Western School has no ready solution。In "Thirty Three Qing Dynasty Biographies Comprehensive Introduction"，There are 20,000 people。So we are on the total list of 227,000 species，Tag 20,000 names，Then select the marked ones，The result is 58000。On this basis，Do more “weight loss” work，For example, delete the ones with more selections，As well as some who have written works but have not been handed down or only have residual manuscripts，Deleted to more than 18,000 types。Then go back to the "General Catalog" of 227,000 species to check，We must grasp the ratio of one-tenth，We need to fill in the famous works again。But some still seriously exceed the standard，For example, local chronicles，Then the compression standard is that each place only retains one local chronicle majored by a particularly famous scholar。There are still serious deficiencies，For example, popular novels，Need to add more，Meet one-tenth of it。Overall，In the formation process of "Classics"，We all try to seek objective evidence。

　　Reorganize "Commentaries on the Thirteen bet365 champions league"

"China Social Sciences Journal": After you completed the work on "General Catalog of Writings by Qing People"，He soon took on the responsibility of editing the Commentary and Compilation bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics。I heard the project is still in progress。Please tell us about this document compilation work。

bet365 champions league:2012，The work of "General Catalog of Qing People's Writings" has come to an end，Shandong University established the Institute of Advanced Confucian Studies，And provided academic funding support。I applied for the "Annotation and Compilation bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics" at that time，Still moving forward。

From a cultural and historical perspective，The Thirteen Classics and the Twenty-Four Histories contain the fundamental spirit of Chinese culture。Traditional Confucian classics as the great cause bet365 champions league country，The connotations and exegetical elucidations of scholars throughout the ages，Have done a lot of work，For this purpose, we must first complete the "Annotation and Compilation bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics"。If you don’t read "Mao Shi Zhengyi" in "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics"，I don’t know what the Book of Songs is。Only know "Three Hundred Poems"，Don’t know the derivatives of "The Book of Songs"，It means splitting history。So，We need to figure out what it is first，Let’s figure out why this is happening，Finally judge the gains and losses。The accuracy of these words，is the prerequisite for us to use this heritage，This is the significance of today’s "Annotation and Compilation bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics"。

From the perspective of publishing history，Commentary on the Thirteen Classics was born in Jianyang County, Fujian Province in the late Southern Song Dynasty。The Imperial College during the Wanli period bet365 champions league Ming Dynasty published the "Beijian Version" bet365 champions league Commentary on the Thirteen Classics，At the end bet365 champions league Ming Dynasty, the "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics" published by Mao Jin Jiguge appeared，The "Wuying Palace Edition" was reengraved during the Qianlong period bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty。The 21st year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty，Published the local government-run "Ruan Yuan Edition" in Nanchang。After the appearance of "Ruan Yuanben"，Academia has recommended this version for more than 200 years。Even though the full text of "Wuying Palace Edition" has been punctuated，There are fewer errors than Ruan Ben。This is determined by the academic style bet365 champions league Qing Dynasty。Ruan Yuan’s original version is from the Yuan Dynasty，There are correction notes at the end of each volume，This style caters to the needs of Qing Dynasty textual scholars，Because it provides a lot of evidence，Reading a book is like reading a book。From the Southern Song Dynasty to the present，"Commentary on the Thirteen Classics" has been reprinted many times，If you proofread these versions，You will find that there are many differences in the text，Mainly reflected in Ruan Yuan’s collation notes，But this review also has major flaws。First，Because the original authoritative version could not be found under the conditions at the time。Secondly，There are many places in Ruan Yuan’s proofread book that are not “corrected”。In addition，The "Ruan Yuan Edition" is also the edition with the most errors。So，We now need to reorganize the "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics" just like Zhonghua Book Company punctuated the "Twenty-Four Histories"，Formation of "Annotation and Collection bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics"。

　　"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": Have you collected all the "Commentaries on the Thirteen Classics" that you mentioned?？How is bet365 champions league going？

bet365 champions league:I basically have all the important books，But there are rules in schooling，Cannot see school。You need to have a basic knowledge，Which books are milestones，It must be corrected，Which books are its derivatives，No need to calibrate。Select the most important version in this way，Especially the early Song and Yuan editions，It doesn’t matter, it still has to be in school。To the Ming and bet365 champions league Dynasties，The copied version will not be regarded as the main version，To understand the relationship between versions。

About the progress of "Annotations and Compilations bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics"，Already published are "Shangshu Zhushuhuixiao"；"Book of Changes" has also been completed，Coming soon；"Annotation and Compilation of Mao's Poems" is almost completed。Others have not started yet。This progress should be relatively fast，"Shangshu Annotations" in "Ruan Yuanben" is calculated as 6% by page number，The "Zhouyi Commentary" accounts for 3% bet365 champions league "Ruan Yuan version"。Entire work，If you can do it alone，To achieve 9%, it will take 45 years。In our school, there were 15 people in the class for "Shangshu Annotations"，Two years in school，"Zhouyi Commentary" took one year。

　　The detailed bet365 champions league is omitted by others. The detailed bet365 champions league is omitted by others

"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": In addition to "Annotations and Compilations bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics"，What other projects are you currently working on？

bet365 champions league:In recent years，My core project is "Annotation and Compilation bet365 champions league Thirteen Classics"，The "Qing History" project has not yet been published，There is still some finishing work to do。In addition，I also participated in the compilation of "Shandong Literature Collection"，This is a major project specially approved by the Shandong Provincial Government。More than 1,300 books printed so far，Most of them are manuscript copies，Many are difficult for ordinary readers to find。The "General Catalog of Ancient Chinese Books Collection in Japan" aims to organize all ancient Chinese books collected in Japan，These ancient books cover a very wide range。But which ancient Chinese books does Japan collect?？so far，We cannot determine the workload，But it will undoubtedly be a long-lasting and professionally demanding job，It cannot be accomplished by one person。So，I consider，This project can be divided into two steps，The first step is to obtain Kyoto University locally、University of Tokyo、Waseda University、Published catalog information such as Jingjiatang Library is glued together；The second step is to go to institutions such as Daito Bunka University in Japan，Offer to catalog the other party，To expand on the parts they haven’t published yet，Promote this work by working with them。

　　"Chinese Social Sciences Journal": Your series of document compilation work，In ancient academic circles, it was called “primary school”，In the modern academic system, it is called philology or bibliography、Version Science，What do you think bet365 champions league relationship between modern academic paradigms and traditional academic norms？

bet365 champions league:Since modern times，Establish a school，Establishing a modern discipline paradigm，Cultivating professional talents；Building a modern library，Introduced Western library classification。From a philological perspective，China’s Siku classification method has similarities with the Western classification method；Cataloging books、Professional requirements such as writing an introduction，It’s the same at home and abroad。It can be said，Bibliography in Global Academic Genealogy、Version Science、The academic standards of collation are similar，There is a group of people who inherit it from generation to generation，Endless research on classic documents，This is what makes a classic a classic。However，It should also be noted that each country has its own original classics，China is no exception。Under respective classification，Can seek common ground while reserving differences，We can learn from each other’s differences。In Western Library Classification，Parts that we have in common，Can be fused。Most knowledge，It can achieve international standards。However，Learn from the version、In terms of bibliography and other disciplines，China has a profound traditional academic foundation，It can be said，It is better than the West。Although what I teach students now is all old knowledge，But it has absorbed and adopted many new technologies given by the development bet365 champions league times。This is what we have too、Advantages that can surpass previous research。

　In history，Literature has always been a marginal subject，The reason for the small number of people is that the demand in this area is niche。But the requirements for the level of this niche group of practitioners are not low，Need to reach the highest peak like other subjects。Pay special attention to cultivating talents，Never “disconnect”，Broken inheritance。Philology is a practical knowledge，In this field，No matter how high the level is, bet365 champions league is not too high。I require students to achieve excellence in a certain type of books，Take the path of specialization。On this type of book，Read its content carefully，Make a basic judgment on the value of each book。There is a general principle in doing any knowledge，Details omitted，Obviously known。Specialized in the art，A person’s energy and time are limited，There is no need to pursue “universal access” in any age。

(Bai Ying, School of Liberal Arts, Shandong University、He Hejing also contributed to bet365 champions league article)