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Power is the most basic concept in social science，It is a social structure variable，It is also a dynamic psychological construction，The existence of power or inspiring the existence of power has extensively affected the individual's intention and unintentional social cognition、Emotional and social behavior。Early Power Research on the Behavioral Effect of Power，Proved power is often with self -centered、Self -benefit behavior、stereotype、Pay less attention to others、Low -Tongxin and other negative behaviors。But，As the basic characteristics of society and the basis of all social relations，If the power brings about negative consequences，So it is a disaster for the operation of the entire society and human evolution。Many studies indicate，Power will also lead to fairness、Lisia and other pro -social behavior。Jane Hofer (Jan Hofer) et al.，Power is related to two types of cluster behaviors，Social behavior and enjoyment (self -interest) behavior。Conditions for two types of behaviors、Mechanism and influencing factors, etc.，Some researchers try to compare from multiple aspects，For example, the social value orientation of the power of the power、Personal/Social Power、Power motivation、Power target、Power role、Note the focus、Division of the behavior of power behavior in the perspective of behavior close/suppressing tendency，But these explanations are relatively scattered、Diversion，and in many cases there are differences and inconsistencies。Lack of more systematic combing and comparison of the mechanism of division of power and behavior。In recent years，Social cognitive theory of power aside of value judgments，Gradually shifted from the impact of power on personal behavior to the inquiry of the inherent cognitive psychological mechanism of power，There are also some scholars to analyze from the perspective of the cultural environment at the macro level，These explorations help further analyze and explore the Bet365 lotto review differences in power and behavior differences。From the perspective of social management，The key issue of power is not whether it should be used，How should I use it reasonably。Discuss the mechanism of two types of behaviors caused by power，Can promote the reasonable use of power，overcome self -interest and corruption，Improve social fairness and efficiency。

　　A sense of control and responsibility is two feelings accompanied by power

Wei Qiujiang and Duan Jinyun think，Power itself is external、Abstract，Various external situations and objective construction related to power must be psychological to affect behavior。A sense of power as a subjective psychological experience for power，You can have the impact of all objective power of the intermediary，Is the closest part of the behavior。So，The accurate grasp of the sense of power is the key to power research，It is also the key to analyze the differences in two types of behavioral results。

At present, most researchers recognize "power is control" to varying degrees，equivalent to the sense of power with control，I believe that power will make the power owner from being restrained、Control resources more freely，is the sense of freedom、Control sense、Agreement。This understanding is mainly due to the empirical research in the field of psychology began in the West，Based on the concept definition, power is based on personal orientation，The definition of this concept of power self -decentralized has improved the individual's self -goal、Self -implementation and the attention of individual interests，Therefore, it shows the behavior of benefit and the need not pay attention to the needs of others。But，Whether it is the social background of power or the concept of power research defined，Power has never been a personal tool or property，but with others、The interests of the group are closely related。From the perspective of social life and biological evolution，The power owner in a group can control resources except to control resources，There are also leading groups to develop in a better direction、Improve the interests and well -being of others (groups or members)、Save vitality and gene、Avoid the responsibility of Bet365 lotto review being eliminated (responsibilities and obligations)。or fundamentally speaking，Group members allow power owners to control the resources to realize collective interests、Maximize the interests of others。That is to say，Responsibility constraint、The consequences bearing is also a natural attribute of power，The role of high power also means to bear the responsibility。Edelson published on science on the research on leadership，People have the preferences of responsibility to avoid，People with a sense of responsibility are more willing to bear the role of the leader。So，A sense of power should not only have a single structure，It should also include the sense of responsibility of power。Comprehensive analysis of the study of previous power effects can be found，Power leads to enjoyment (self -interest)、Unconscious、Offendant、Understanding and other negative behaviors，The definition of power is often as personal situation、Self -Center、Individual freedom、Current interests、Related inner state，Generally, it is more inclined to refer to the control of power、freedom and other power control feels，is leading to altruism、Fair、Responsible social behavior time，The definition of power is generally related to social situations、Others Center、Behavioral suppression、Event consequences、External clues related，Generally, it is more inclined to refer to the sense of responsibility of power。The sense of responsibility and the sense of power control is the sense of power that accompanied by power，The two may lead to differentiation in the results of the behavior，Therefore, it is necessary to compare the two senses of power。

　　Cultural concept affects the construction of power

Some researchers think，Cultural values ​​may lead to different conceptual construction and behavior。People with vertical individualist cultural orientation regard power as a personal concept (power is to obtain the identity of others and the recognition of others)，Individuals with horizontal collectivist cultural orientation regard power as social concepts (power is for the benefit of others and helps others)，The construction of power is affected by the difference in cultural concepts。Power in vertical individualist Bet365 lotto review culture is more representative as control、Democracy and freedom，The power of horizontal collectivist culture is to consider and help others to benefit others for the interests of others，It represents a responsibility。Study discovered，European and American words after starting power to control the sense of control (such as obtaining、Advantage、Get、Authorized, etc.) The words of comparison responsibility (responsibility、Obligation、Responsibility、reliance, etc.) The response is faster，And Asians have a delayed word of control and response to the sense of responsibility quickly。

I opposite the author、Survey of dignity and honor cultural dimension and the relationship between the relationship between two kinds of power also shows，The sense of face culture and power representing the typical characteristics of Oriental culture is high.，Honor culture and power control representing the typical characteristics of European and American culture is highly related。Western cultural background emphasizes individual freedom and independence，The definition of power generally focuses on what you want to do，Not restricted，and the ability to meet your goals and needs by taking action。Western modern enlightenment campaign believes，The individual is separated from each other、isolated、A closed single -type survival method exists，This understanding directly shapes a personal freedom、Self -standard culture of interests first，People and my relationship are described as "the war of all people to all people"，When having power, it becomes the control of the person in charge of the person。And the importance of traditional oriental culture has always emphasized the importance of power responsibility，"Slim Qi family governs the country in the world", "worry about the world's worries and worries，The view of power in the world "is in sharp contrast with the Western outlook on power。Oriental culture views the relationship between people in a larger range，People think more about social background information，Think that people are interdependent、The influence of each other，Pay attention to social harmony、Interpersonal coexistence，Individuals must not leave others to live; emphasize individuals bet365 best casino games to bear social role obligations，is a core values ​​of others' standard，When the self -interest conflicts with the interests of others or even sacrifice its own interests and give priority to satisfying the interests of others，Extreme manifestations are the respect of Oriental Culture on "Lives and Righteousness"。For the psychological essence of Chinese social decision -making，You need to think about yourself、Interpersonal、The impact of group interaction on decision -making，Pay attention to the connection with others and social specifications。

　　Different levels of understanding of power control and responsibility

Explanation level theory，CLT) believes，People have a layered psychological portrayal of things。High -level recognition refers to abstract、Overall、related to the target、Features independent of the situation，and low -level understanding refers to specific、Details、It has nothing to do with the goal、Features dependent on the situation。A proof of the moral thinking mode of high power people，After starting (high authoritative personality group) high power sense，The subject has obvious moral thinking patterns that are obviously guided rather than result orientation，Differences with layered levels。The Rules of Morality Guide Represents more separate from specific situations、Abstract thinking mode，The result orientation is the thinking mode of the judgment based on the specific behavior results as the basis for judging the basis，Similar，For social fairness、Power responsibility and individual interests、For power control，Rules orientation may also be more abstract、higher -level recognition concepts，and individual interests are more specific for individuals、lower levels of recognition information。Edelson discovery through behavioral experiments and brain imaging data，Responsibility avoidance is a second -order process of the subjective value calculation related to the inner frontal frontal lobe (MPFC) activity，When individual faces leaders to make decisions，Some key potential factors in the decision -making process have changed，instead of facing the same decision, just consider yourself alone，This conclusion shows that there may be differences in the level of understanding the sense bet365 Play online games of power control and responsibility。

From the perspective of evolutionary psychology，Lee and Responsibility are the traits with higher evolutionary significance，Responsibility may have a higher level of recognition compared to control。A sense of power responsibility is often in social background information、Consider the situation on the impact of others and the consequences of behavior，Therefore, there may be behaviors that are more in line with senior social norms。Power is essentially a kind of interpersonal variable。And the increasingly frequent and deep economic and cultural exchange of various countries has an inestimable effect on both parties。For my country，The communication and conflict of the current Eastern and Western culture have produced many new social phenomena and problems，People pay attention to their own feelings，Emphasize self -realization、Equality autonomy，From improving individual self -confidence、Maintain rights and interests、sound system、Pioneering and innovation and other perspectives have a certain positive significance，But some people are irresponsible to themselves、The interests of individuals or small groups violate social norms and other phenomena.。Power owner if you think more why you should bear responsibility，Think about the goal of power at a higher level of understanding，will lead to more positive、Fair Decisions，If you think more about why you get power domination position，will lead to extremely unfair decisions。In view of the important impact of exercise of power in reality，How to construct power in power may solve social affairs、The effect and level of public management，and even the important impact of social fairness and justice。So，On the issue of official education，Whether it is out of power or sense of power，Most basic requirements when exercising power，It is necessary to do a good job of specific things，That is the question of how to do more，and a higher requirement is to keep in mind the responsibility on the shoulders of the power of the power，instead of personal arbitrary control or benefit benefit。

Future，Researchers of local psychology or social sciences should pay more attention to research bet365 best casino games on power responsibility，Focus on the development of measurement tools，Exploring the key factors and internal mechanisms that affect the two types of different power behaviors (even physiological mechanisms)，Promote the development of local culture development and the blending understanding of cultural development，Apply to official selection、Training and Education，Promoting the generation of the positive effect of power，Reducing unfairness caused by power。

　(This article is the psychological mechanism that affects social decision -making "(19C10578002)、Guangdong Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Co -Construction Project "The Influence and Mechanism of Others on Social Decisions" (GD16XXL04) research results)

(Author Unit: School of Education and Science, Hanshan Teachers College)