bet365 casino bonus’s yearning for a better life is related to human autonomy and initiative。From the perspective of personality psychology,The endogenous dynamics of Chinese bet365 casino bonus’s pursuit of a better life,In the final analysis it is an issue of personality dynamics。Whether it is "endogenous power" in Chinese discourse,It’s still “personality dynamics” in the context of Western psychology,The essence is the inner driving force of human behavior。Generally believed,Endogenous motivation is the psychological force and motivation that drives and affects individual behavior and decision-making,It includes basic desires、Emotion、required、Moral principles and adaptability to real environments, etc.。Why some bet365 casino bonus are keen to work hard,Some bet365 casino bonus believe in fate and "lie down"?To answer these questions,Inseparable from the discussion of individual endogenous dynamic mechanisms,And bet365 casino bonus’s endogenous motivation is formed under the influence of certain historical culture or situations,Therefore, it is very important to clarify these factors to clarify the endogenous dynamics。
Conceptual development and limitations of Western bet365 casino bonus
Research on bet365 casino bonus,can be traced back to the time of Freud。Based on the idea of "pansexuality", he regarded the sexual energy of libido as the inner driving force of all human behaviors,His personality theory includes personality structure、Personality motivation、Three parts of personality development。Subsequent personality psychologists also mostly followed the structure of his personality theory,They all pay attention to the dynamic component of personality。For example,Allport (G. W. Allport)
Define personality as “the intra-individual dynamic system that determines an individual’s unique ability to adapt to the environment”;Sears (R. Sears) also believes that bet365 casino bonus can discover the causes of conflicts and conflicts in individual behavior;Lewin (K. Lewin) proposed that the core of understanding behavior lies in studying its dynamic characteristics,And define behavior as the change of state in the time dimension。
After sorting out the disciplinary structure of Western personality psychology, Chinese scholar Guo Yongyu believes that,Personality dynamics refers to the reasons and motivation behind personality expression,Include motivation、conation、Emotion、Attribution and adaptation to the environment。Recent research pays more attention to the time course of personality dynamics,Considering that personality dynamics is the short-term fluctuation process and potential mechanism of personality in a certain culture or situation。This shows,When studying personality dynamics,Culture or situation is a background variable that cannot be ignored,It is obviously not applicable if the personality dynamics theory constructed in a certain cultural situation is completely copied to another culture。In other words,Contemporary Western personality dynamic theory is not generally applicable to the study of human personality behavior,Domestic scholars should actively carry out Chinese research on personality dynamics,That is, the study of the endogenous motivation of Chinese bet365 casino bonus,In order to contribute Chinese wisdom to the study of personality dynamics of all mankind。
The bet365 casino bonus power in China’s excellent traditional culture
Endogenous motivation as bet365 casino bonus’s inner driving force in Chinese cultural context,It is far from enough to understand it only from the perspective of Western personality dynamics,Need to further explore Chinese philosophy、History、Cultural and social perspectives on endogenous dynamics,And understand its meaning in the Chinese cultural context。
First, the Confucian view of endogenous power。When Western philosophers were thinking about the components of the universe,Confucianism shifted the focus from "Heaven" to "Human",Return attention to your own independent motivation,Like cultivating virtue、Jingde、Self-reliance、consciousness,Think about how bet365 casino bonus adjust through their own efforts、Operation、Settle your own life。When the West interprets the world from an intellectual perspective,Confucianism emphasizes independent practice,And from self-cultivation、Qijia、The perspective of governing the country and even the world,Expand its influence from the inside out。Confucianism is concerned with how to stabilize the country through self-struggle、Seeking world unity,Develop a bet365 casino bonus-centered and self-seeking spirit。In this spirit,Two important concepts are deeply rooted in the hearts of Chinese bet365 casino bonus,formed their endogenous power consciousness,That is "cultivating virtue to match heaven" and "self-improvement"。
From the Yin bet365 casino bonus’s “respect for heaven” to the Zhou bet365 casino bonus’s “cultivation of virtue”,The concept of personal God is gradually fading,The concept of the Emperor of Heaven gradually recedes into the background,Chinese ancestors focused on whether bet365 casino bonus themselves cultivated virtue。The idea of matching heaven with virtue has opened up the "heaven" above and "bet365 casino bonus" below",Making ancient Chinese thought from "god-based" to "human-based",bet365 casino bonus begin to have the spirit of seeking others from themselves,Highlights the autonomy and initiative of bet365 casino bonus’s endogenous power。As long as bet365 casino bonus work hard to cultivate virtue,You can control your own destiny based on your own virtue。From now on,Man has gained autonomy from God,More independent、Self-reliance,Adhere to the concept of "asking for more blessings" in everything。
Confucius once said: "Benevolence is far away?I want to be kind,Siren is here。”This shows,Confucius believed that bet365 casino bonus have the ability to improve themselves,Reach the realm of "benevolence"。Confucius advocated an idea,That is, ordinary bet365 casino bonus can become successful or even outstanding bet365 casino bonus through their own efforts。Chinese culture shows an introverted personality trait,For example, Confucius advocated "benevolence depends on oneself",Mencius advocated that "everyone can be like Yao and Shun",Xunzi believed that "bet365 casino bonus who are Tu can be Yu"。These concepts emphasize everyone’s inner consciousness,Individuals should pursue the source of value from their own hearts,Instead of outward、Looking upward for God’s “revelation”。Just like "Be kind to oneself",It’s up to bet365 casino bonus” expressed in this sentence,bet365 casino bonus must start from themselves,Rely on your own endogenous motivation to improve yourself。Therefore,Chinese bet365 casino bonus are in the process of pursuing self-improvement,Full display of self-subjectivity、Consciousness、Transcendence and agency。
The second is the Taoist view of endogenous power。In addition to advocating that bet365 casino bonus should have the endogenous motivation to be proactive,Also advocates poverty and happiness。For example,Confucius traveled around the world,I hope some monarch will adopt his suggestion,Yan Hui lived a life of eating and drinking in troubled times、A life of poverty and happiness。Therefore,Confucianism’s endogenous power consciousness is not a single one,It is between belief and fact、In the process of swinging forward and backward,There is no situational criterion to determine when to proceed、When to retreat。This is very similar to the Taoist endogenous power consciousness。
Confucianism emphasizes human ideals、Responsibility and idealism,But this may cause bet365 casino bonus's endogenous motivation to be "fettered" by a sense of responsibility and ideality,It makes bet365 casino bonus trapped inside and "self-suffering"。Then,How to "untie" yourself,No longer bound by self-distress and pain,So that you can gain freedom and enjoy yourself in the struggle?Also,In the process of hard work,Facing the helpless reality,How can individuals transcend difficulties in life,To achieve spiritual enjoyment and freedom?Different from Confucianism which emphasizes bet365 casino bonus’s proactiveness,Taoist endogenous power consciousness adopts the inaction that conforms to nature and the freedom of transcending difficulties。
I focus on reflecting on the difficulties in real life,Zhuangzi further discussed how bet365 casino bonus can escape from difficulties。He emphasized,When faced with difficulties,bet365 casino bonus should use the concept of "fate limit" to settle the helplessness in the world,Avoid causing internal harm to your body due to your likes and dislikes,Keep yourself at peace,Keep life alive,Showing extraordinary thoughts in a difficult life。Therefore,Laozi’s thoughts reflect a natural and inactive enterprising attitude,Zhuangzi showed a carefree and uninhibited "free and enterprising"。This kind of progress is a process of self-transformation,The first thing is to be content with the status quo;The second is to skillfully use "fate limits" to understand the abilities and limitations of one's own nature,Free the mind from unnecessary fatigue;Finally seek your own meaning and spiritual self-affirmation and liberation。This process does not appeal to the immortality of the soul,Nor appeal to the existence of God,Rather, we appeal to the "intellectual intuition" inherent in the "true self" - human beings and everything in the world form an inseparable unity,"Everything is provided for me,Everything is worth it”。The endogenous dynamic consciousness of Taoism is to pursue the same law and movement with nature from the overall standpoint of the way of the universe,This is obviously very different from the realistic worldly value pursued by Confucianism。
The secular cultural turn of bet365 casino bonus power
An ancient Chinese proverb such as "Those who travel often arrive",What you do always comes true”,“No pain in time,One point gained”,"There is no way for good or bad fortune,Only bet365 casino bonus call themselves” etc.,Tell us a truth,That’s whether things are successful or not,The biggest deciding factor is “one’s own struggle”。However,In real life,We will find that personal efforts may not always bring the expected results。In this case,We seem unable to resist the influence of other determinants beyond our control,That is what bet365 casino bonus often say, "Everything depends on fate,It’s not up to you at all”,“If there is a destiny, it must be there eventually,Don’t force anything in your life”,Or "Death and Life",Wealth is in the sky”。Destiny is inevitable、The unchanging essence,There will be no changes due to human intervention,Then on the premise that bet365 casino bonus are destined to die,What kind of enterprising attitude should we adopt??
First,The enterprising attitude of separation of righteousness and destiny。Lao Siguang in his "History of Chinese Philosophy",I once used "the separation of justice and destiny" to summarize the enterprising attitude of Confucianism based on the premise of destiny。Fate is an existence external to bet365 casino bonus and not under their control,Within the range of fate,bet365 casino bonus are not free,This belongs to the scope of reality。However,Righteousness is inherent in bet365 casino bonus,And it is an existence that can be dominated by others,Free for bet365 casino bonus,This is within the scope of what should be done。For example,My talent and clumsiness are one thing,I should be hardworking but that is another matter。Talent is not something I can freely choose,But progress is something I can decide on my own。There is no necessary connection between what is and what should be。Therefore,Once we clearly realize that the realm in which bet365 casino bonus cannot be autonomous is destiny,The area that can be autonomous is righteousness (that is, the individual’s endogenous motivation),Then we can know the success and failure in the real world,The way is about to go、To be abolished,Nothing hinders others from doing justice,That’s why Confucius said “it’s up to oneself to be benevolent” ("The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan")。But trying your best may not necessarily lead to success,Because there are many external factors that are beyond our control,We just have to do what we should do,Do your duty,Just try your best to do things。
Second,The endogenous motivation from doing your best to obeying destiny。Under the influence of the concept of "separation of righteousness and destiny",Chinese bet365 casino bonus generally believe that "doing their best",The enterprising attitude of "listening to destiny"。The so-called "doing your best",The enterprising spirit of "listening to destiny",Looking from the long-term process of endogenous power。Among them,“Do your best to be enterprising” means that an individual does everything he can to do what he should do;When "trying your best to make progress" can no longer produce any results,bet365 casino bonus can only take the initiative of "resigning themselves to fate",That is, individuals obey God or their own destiny,Give up arranging your own destiny,Cooperate with God’s arrangements。“Enterprise with all human resources” is the initiative of individual autonomy,And "the enterprising spirit that obeys destiny" is the individual's enterprising spirit that conforms to nature。Looking at the progress of progress,Confucian cultural design emphasizes that everything must be done first,And we must devote ourselves to it,In order to be honest and clear,Then enter the stage of "resigning to fate"。For example,"God helps those who help themselves,Those who help themselves will always be helped”,God only helps those who can help themselves,If bet365 casino bonus are willing to help themselves,Other bet365 casino bonus will definitely come to help you。The premise of "God wants to help bet365 casino bonus" is that bet365 casino bonus have tried their best enough。
Overall view,Most of the past research on endogenous dynamics was based on the cultural etic approach,Immediately imposing Western ready-made theoretical concepts on the Chinese,So much so that it is difficult to understand the real focus of the Chinese bet365 casino bonus’s concept of endogenous motivation,There is also a lack of in-depth analysis of the dynamic process of endogenous power。Although Western scholars recently believe that endogenous power is a set of concepts with multiple structures,However, the conceptual understanding of endogenous power is too reductionist、Simplify。so far,No scholar stands on the subjective standpoint of culture,Do in-depth local research on the endogenous motivation of Chinese bet365 casino bonus。
(This article is part of the National Natural Science Foundation project “The Structure of bet365 casino bonus Motive Force for Poverty Alleviation、Mechanism and its promotion: Cross-cultural comparison based on China-ASEAN countries” (32160200) phased results)
(The author is a doctoral candidate bet365 casino bonus Department of Psychology, Southwest University;Senior Professor of Southwest University)
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