The improvement and optimization of academic standards and academic bet365 refer a friend code systems will help improve universities、Scientific research institution、The academic orientation and ecological environment of think tanks and other organizations,Improving its teaching、Research and advisory quality,Promote the innovative development of philosophy and social sciences。In recent years,How to objectively evaluate teachers、The work level and quality of research results of researchers and think tank workers,Received widespread attention at home and abroad,Various bet365 refer a friend code system methods have emerged as the times require,But there are mixed opinions on its rationality and effectiveness。The relevant research team of Leiden University in the Netherlands recently released a research report titled "Academia in Action: Recognition and Reward System within Leiden University",Discussed some of the school’s practices and existing problems in academic bet365 refer a friend code,And put forward corresponding suggestions for improvement。Our reporter discusses the problems existing in the existing academic bet365 refer a friend code system、How to establish a more reasonable and effective high-quality bet365 refer a friend code index system、How to promote innovation and development in the fields of teaching, scientific research and advisory services,Interviewed relevant experts and scholars。
Imbalance and misuse of indicator system impact assessment bet365 refer a friend code
Manon van der Heijden, professor of comparative urban history at Leiden University said,How to better carry out academic bet365 refer a friend code work has attracted the attention of many higher education institutions,Leiden University also organized a relevant team to conduct research,and published a research report。Report thinks,Failure to strike a balance between academics’ teaching and research work、The bet365 refer a friend code criteria are relatively single、Not paying enough attention to team performance,Is the main problem existing in its current academic bet365 refer a friend code system。In Vanderheiden’s opinion,Currently many scholars, especially young scholars, have a very heavy workload,One of the reasons for this phenomenon is that the existing bet365 refer a friend code system places too much emphasis on research results,The social impact of teaching and academic research results has been underestimated。The current bet365 refer a friend code system in the Netherlands cannot strike a proper balance in the weight relationship between scientific research results and teaching results。Many scholars need to devote a lot of time and energy to teaching,However, the results achieved are difficult to be quantified and reflected in academic bet365 refer a friend code results。In addition,The practical activities carried out by scholars in various institutions affiliated with universities have also not received sufficient attention,For example, the diagnosis and treatment work performed by medical school teachers and students in university-affiliated medical institutions。
Said Sara de Rijcke, Professor of Science and bet365 refer a friend code Studies at Leiden University,Currently, institutions choose to use a single quantitative indicator to evaluate and measure scientific research results,Insufficient emphasis on the quality and originality of research results。This makes factors such as the citation rate of papers not only play an overly important role in the bet365 refer a friend code of scholars,Also used to evaluate academic journals,But use a single criterion for assessment in all areas,Especially where this criterion may not be appropriate,It will compress the development space of scientific research。This not only increases the workload of scholars,It also results in unequal bet365 refer a friend code standards among various research fields,It is not conducive to the development of diversity in academic research and the open access and utilization of research results。
Vanderheiden said,In the Netherlands,People tend to attach too much importance to and emphasize personal performance。In fact,Many complex academic and social problems require interdisciplinary collaboration to solve,It is often difficult to achieve good scientific bet365 refer a friend code results solely by relying on individual efforts。Researchers need support from their team or bet365 refer a friend code institution,To focus too much on individuals is actually at the expense of the interests of the team。Derek said,Some Dutch universities provide training for scholars to apply for scientific bet365 refer a friend code funds,Will guide scholars to emphasize themselves rather than the team,But this is not consistent with the actual situation。
Studying at the University of Aix-Marseille, France、Teaching、Jean-Fran, Lecturer at the Assessment and Training Laboratory?Zhiois Hérold) told this reporter,Today’s scientific research bet365 refer a friend code work increasingly relies on data,The scientific research bet365 refer a friend code system based on quantitative indicators has become mainstream,But people seem to rely too much on data rather than their own judgment。Although these quantitative indicator systems are carefully designed,Its design goal is to promote the development of scientific research,But many times the specific staff carrying out the assessment work do not understand them well,This results in the misuse of relevant indicators。
Jing Linbo, President of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences bet365 refer a friend code, believes,Currently in various bet365 refer a friend code systems,Quantification is supreme、Ignore the general bet365 refer a friend code orientation of qualitative,But there are also some bet365 refer a friend code systems that only use qualitative bet365 refer a friend code,Lack of quantitative bet365 refer a friend code,There may be problems in combining qualitative bet365 refer a friend code with quantitative bet365 refer a friend code,There is even a practice of using qualitative bet365 refer a friend code to negate quantitative bet365 refer a friend code。Failure to combine qualitative and quantitative methods will undoubtedly affect the quality of bet365 refer a friend code。
Correctly balanced use of bet365 refer a friend code indicators
Errod thinks,We should correctly use quantitative indicators to carry out bet365 refer a friend code work,Rather than completely replacing high-quality expert review。Quantitative metrics can reduce bias in peer review,Improving the quality of peer review,But it should be the basis for the evaluator’s judgment,It cannot completely replace the evaluator’s judgment。Also,Consideration of scientific research performance should be based on the institution、Team and individual scientific research mission。The objectives of the assessment should first be clearly defined,The indicators used should also be consistent with these goals。At the same time,Should be considered in the wider society、Economy、Select and apply indicators based on cultural environment。In addition,People making assessments,Attention should be paid to academic achievements published locally in the national language,Treat it the same as international journals published in English,Scholars should even be encouraged to publish their academic results locally in their own language。The data collection and analysis processes used in the assessment should be made public、Transparent、Simple,The assessee should be allowed to inspect relevant data and analysis results。It is best to use multiple indicators,Evaluate scholars and their achievements from different perspectives,Also regularly review the bet365 refer a friend code indicators and update them,Make it meet the new needs of social and academic environments。
Vanderheiden said,We need to establish a more balanced bet365 refer a friend code and reward system,Fully achieve the balance between teaching and scientific research、Balance between different subject areas、The balance between individual and team,Thus recognizing and rewarding scholars’ achievements in all fields,Help them diversify their career paths,Develop teamwork spirit,Also enhance inclusiveness in academia。In the process of bet365 refer a friend code,Not only the individual achievements of scholars must be considered,Also pay attention to their contribution to the team,The research team should also be evaluated as a whole。We must pay attention to cultivating the teamwork spirit of scholars,Emphasize that the personal goals of staff within an organization should be consistent with the overall goals of the organization;Also pay attention to the differences between different disciplines,Respect the characteristics of each discipline。In addition,There is also a need to establish a dialogue mechanism between academia and other fields,Let people understand the latest developments in the field of academic research。At the same time,Strengthen the open sharing of scientific research results,Let scientific research results be truly used,Better realize its value。
Derek thinks,Appropriate criteria should be used in the academic bet365 refer a friend code process,Leave more space for scientific researchers to improve their own quality and creativity。In evaluating scholars and their work,More emphasis should be placed on the originality of their work、Contribution to society,And whether the standards of academic integrity have been followed,Instead of just focusing on quantitative indicators。We need to provide a good working environment for scholars,Especially to reflect the differences between different disciplines and different personnel、Inclusive work environment。
Jiang Bo, director of the editorial department of "Journal of Soochow University", told this reporter,The research results of Leiden University have certain enlightenment significance for us。Similar to the situation mentioned in the above study,There are two major problems in academic bet365 refer a friend code in my country: one is the excessive pursuit of deterministic results;The second is excessive encouragement of competition culture。Excessively seeking certainty of results,The scope of academic bet365 refer a friend code will continue to be narrowed、Method quantification。For example, replacing academics with scientific research、Publishing instead of scientific research、Replace the published results themselves with several published quantitative indicators,Although its intention is to show the accuracy and scientific nature of the bet365 refer a friend code,But in fact, it makes the academic connotation one-sided and narrow,The bet365 refer a friend code results cannot truly reflect the researcher’s reality、Complete academic level。Unprincipledly raise the bet365 refer a friend code level of results published in foreign languages in foreign journals,It will not only lead to the tendency of worshiping foreign things in academic circles,The bet365 refer a friend code results may not be objective and true。Such bet365 refer a friend code standards and methods distort the baton function that the bet365 refer a friend code system should have,Making the researcher’s behavior deviate from the goal,Give up the pursuit of academic authenticity,Loss of the joy of pursuing truth,Ignoring the social responsibility of the entire process from academic innovation to dissemination,And just focus on the pile of "numbers" as the result。The problem of over-encouraging a competitive culture is mainly manifested in the incentive mechanism of bet365 refer a friend code focusing on comparisons and rewards and punishments between individuals。Competition can certainly provide some motivation,But if it turns into internal friction without paying attention to the overall academic atmosphere,Know and share、It goes against the academic spirit of mutual aid。
Strengthening the innovation-driven function of scientific bet365 refer a friend code
High-quality bet365 refer a friend code system helps promote the development of academic innovation。We must give full play to the guiding role of the bet365 refer a friend code system in innovation and development,Promote bet365 refer a friend code entities to carry out academic innovation activities,Improving scientific research、Teaching、Quality of consultation,The key is to construct a scientific and reasonable structure、Strict and precise、High-quality bet365 refer a friend code framework system with strong guidance,Make accurate value judgments on the object being evaluated。
Jing Linbo’s suggestion,First,Need to insist on equal emphasis on qualitative and quantitative bet365 refer a friend code。Carry out scientific research bet365 refer a friend code work,Need to carry out all aspects、Multi-dimensional quantitative analysis,It is more necessary to introduce subjective qualitative bet365 refer a friend code,Especially in the bet365 refer a friend code of humanities and social sciences,Need to strengthen the correct political direction,Establish a scientific academic orientation。Secondly,Need to adhere to the classification bet365 refer a friend code system。Many categories of humanities and social sciences,It is difficult to use the same indicator dimensions for targeted bet365 refer a friend code,So it must be based on different subject categories,Design a targeted bet365 refer a friend code method framework。For example,The research cycle in the humanities is generally longer,So when conducting talent bet365 refer a friend code,Researchers should focus on assessing their basic theoretical research and innovation、Construction and dissemination of knowledge system、Contributions to the inheritance and construction of the discipline system。bet365 refer a friend code of social science talents,Then emphasis should be placed on assessing their opinions on government affairs、Guiding social practice、Contributions in assisting macro-decision-making and other aspects。This is because their research cycle is generally shorter,High social attention。And,In evaluating the results of scientific research in the humanities and social sciences,Also must be considered,Even if impact factors are also used as bet365 refer a friend code indicators,The impact factor of humanities journals is much lower than the impact factor of social science journals。Last,Need to adhere to diversified bet365 refer a friend code methods and methods。The diversity of bet365 refer a friend code subjects determines the diversity of bet365 refer a friend code content and methods。It is necessary to establish and improve an bet365 refer a friend code system based on peer bet365 refer a friend code: to ensure fairness and impartiality in the selection of peer bet365 refer a friend code experts,Establish a strict avoidance system and peer bet365 refer a friend code expert disclosure system;Ensure that the peer bet365 refer a friend code process is open and transparent,Strengthen constraints on bet365 refer a friend code experts,Gradually implement open peer review,Prevent peer bet365 refer a friend code experts from abusing their power;Promote the masterpiece system,Project results、Research Report、Translated monographs、Technical Standards and Specifications、The results of the consultation can be used as representative works,A complete farewell to “emphasis on papers over applications、The approach of “valuing quantity over quality”。
Jiang Bo emphasized,Contemporary scientific research usually targets complex and specific problems,Need to share across regions、Interdisciplinary knowledge、Personnel and equipment,And particularly relies on teamwork。One of the guarantee mechanisms for teamwork is to appropriately evaluate and encourage each member’s contribution。Therefore,The ultimate direction of academic bet365 refer a friend code should be to promote academic development,The specific implementation should be to promote the sustainable development of academic talents、Sound development of academic team、Healthy development of the academic system。Therefore,Need to overcome singularity in bet365 refer a friend code、One-sided tendency,Shift from focusing only on data such as impact factors to comprehensive consideration of rich forms of academic results;Shift from focusing solely on individual performance differences to researching and formulating overall solutions that can promote individual and team development,In this way, we can give full play to the positive role of the bet365 refer a friend code system。
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