The improvement and optimization of academic norms and academic evaluation systems help improve universities、Scientific research institutions、The academic orientation and ecological environment of the organization of think tanks and other organizations，Improve its teaching、Research and Consultation Quality，Promoting the development of philosophy and social science innovation。In recent years，How to objectively evaluate teachers、Researchers and think tank workers' work standards and research results quality，Very wide attention at home and abroad，Various evaluation systems and methods came into being，But the rationality and validity of it are not degraded。Research team of Leiden University in the Netherlands recently released a research report entitled "Academic Circles in Action: Awarding and Reward System in Leiden University"，Discussion of some of the school's practices and existing problems in academic evaluation，and put forward the corresponding improvement suggestions。The reporter of this newspaper on existing problems existing in the existing academic evaluation system、How to establish a more reasonable and effective high -quality evaluation index system、How to promote innovation and development in the fields of teaching and scientific research and consulting services，Interviewed relevant experts and scholars。

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Professor Mann Van Der Heijden, a professor of comparison of urban history at the University of Laton University, said，How to better carry out academic evaluation work has attracted the attention of many higher education institutions，Laton University also organized relevant teams to conduct investigations and research，and published a research report。Report believes，Failure to get a balance between scholars' teaching and research work、Evaluation standards are relatively single、Not enough attention to team performance，It is the main problem in its current academic evaluation system。From the view of Van De Haiden，At present, many scholars, especially young scholars, work very heavy，One of the reasons for this phenomenon is that the existing evaluation Bet365 app download system attaches too much attention to the research results，The social impact of the results of teaching and academic research has been underestimated。The existing evaluation system in the Netherlands cannot grasp the appropriate balance in the weight relationship of scientific research and teaching results。Many scholars need to use a lot of time and energy for teaching，But the results obtained are difficult to quantify and reflected in the results of academic evaluation。other，The practical activities engaged in various institutions attached to the university have not been fully valued，Diagnosis and treatment of teachers and students from medical schools in a university -affiliated medical institution。

Professor Sara de Rijcke, a professor of science and evaluation research at the University of Laton University, said，At present, each institution chooses a single quantitative indicator to evaluate and measure scientific research results，Insufficient attention to the quality and originality of research results。This makes the dissertation reference rate not only overweight in the evaluation of scholars，It is also used to evaluate academic journals，But use a single standard to evaluate all fields，Especially when this standard may not be appropriate，The development space of scientific research will be compressed。This not only increases the workload of scholars，It also caused unequal evaluation standards between various research areas，The diversity development and openness of the results of academic research and the openness of research results。

Fan Dehai Deng said，In the Netherlands，People often pay too much attention and emphasize personal performance。In fact，Many complex academic and social problems need to be solved by cross -disciplinary cooperation，It is often difficult to achieve good scientific research results by relying on personal efforts。Scientific researchers need to get support from team or research institutions，And too much concern that the individual is actually at the cost of sacrificing the interests of the team。Derek said，Some Dutch universities are providing scientific research fund application training for scholars，Will guide scholars to emphasize themselves rather than teams，But this does not meet the actual situation。

French Ex-Marseille University Study、Teaching、Evaluation and Training Laboratory Lecturer Jean-Jean-Fran? 觭 OIS Hérold told this reporter，Today's scientific research evaluation work is increasingly dependent Bet365 lotto review on data，The scientific research evaluation system based on quantitative indicators has become the mainstream，But people seem to be too dependent on data instead of their own judgment。Although these quantitative index systems are carefully designed，Its design goal is to promote the development of scientific research，But many times the specific staff who carried out evaluation work did not understand them well，This has caused misuse of relevant indicators。

Jing Linbo, Dean of the Chinese Social Science Evaluation Research Institute, believes，In various evaluation systems，There is quantitative first、Ignoring the qualitative general evaluation orientation，But some evaluation systems only use qualitative evaluation，Lack of quantitative evaluation，Or in the combination of qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation，It is even a practice to negate quantitative evaluation with a qualitative evaluation。Qualification and quantitative two can undoubtedly affect the quality of evaluation。

　　Correctly balancing the evaluation index

Elord thinks，We should use quantitative indicators to carry out evaluation work，instead of replacing high -quality expert review。Quantitative indicators can reduce prejudice in peer evaluation，Improve the quality of peer review，But it should be the basis for the appraiser to make judgments，instead of completely replacing the judgment of the appraiser。Another，The consideration of scientific research performance should be based on the institution、Team and individual's scientific research mission。The target of the assessment should be clearly explicit，The indicators used should also fit these goals。At the same time，It should be considered in a wider social、Economy、Select and apply indicators on the basis of cultural environment。other，When people are evaluating，The academic achievements published in the local language should，Trees it with the journals published in English in international journals，Even the academic results of scholars should be encouraged in their local language。Evaluate the data collection and analysis process used should be made public、Transparent、Simple，It should be allowed to test the relevant data and analysis results。It is best to use multiple indicators，Evaluate scholars and their achievements from different angles，regular review and evaluation indicators at the same time and update，Make it Bet365 app download meet the new needs of the social and academic environment。

Fan Dehai Deng said，We need to establish a more balanced evaluation and reward system，Fully realize the balance between teaching and scientific research、Balance between different disciplines、Balance between individuals and teams，To recognize and reward scholars' achievements in all fields，Help them achieve diversification of professional roads，Cultivate teamwork spirit，At the same time enhances the tolerance of the academic world。During the evaluation process，Not only must we consider the personal scores of the scholars，Also pay attention to their contribution to the team，You should also consider the research team as a whole to evaluate it。Be careful to cultivate scholars' team cooperation spirit，Emphasizing the personal goals of the staff inside the institution should be consistent with the overall goal of the agency; also pay attention to the differences between different disciplines，Respect the characteristics of each discipline itself。other，It is also necessary to establish a dialogue mechanism between academic circles and other fields，Let people understand the latest development results in the field of academic research。At the same time，Strengthen the open sharing of scientific research results，Let scientific research results be truly used，To better realize its value。

Derrick thinks，Appropriate standards should be used in the academic evaluation process，Reserve more space for scientific researchers to improve their own quality and creativity。When evaluating the scholars and their work results，It should emphasize the originality of its work content、contribution to society，and whether you comply with various guidelines for academic integrity，instead of only paying attention to quantification indicators。We need to provide a good working environment for scholars，In particular, it can reflect the differences between different subjects and different personnel、A inclusive working environment。

Director of the Editorial Department of the Journal of Suzhou University, Jiang Bo told this reporter，The research results of the University of Laton have a certain enlightenment meaning。Similar to the situation mentioned above in the above studies is，There are two major problems in my country's academic evaluation: one is the result of excessive seeking certainty; the other is to excessively encourage bet365 live casino games competition culture。Determination of excessive seeking results，It will constantly narrow the scope of academic evaluation、How to quantify method。For example, replaced academic research with scientific research、Published instead of scientific research、Use several quantitative indicators to replace the results of the release itself，Although its purpose is to show the accuracy and scientificity of the evaluation，But in fact, the connotation of academic connotation is one -sided and narrow，Although its purpose is to show the accuracy and scientificity of the evaluation、Complete academic level。Insteadly raising the evaluation level of the results in foreign languages ​​in foreign countries，Not only will it lead to academic tendency of Chongyang Mei，Evaluation results may not be objective and real。This evaluation standard and method distorted the command stick function of the evaluation system，Make researchers' behavior and goal deviation，Give up the true pursuit of academic book，Lost fun of pursuing truth，Social responsibility that should be assumed from academic innovation to spreading throughout the link，and just put the attention point on the stack of "numbers" as the result of the result。The issues of over -encouraging competition culture are mainly manifested as the incentive mechanism of evaluation concentrated in the individual and individual comparison and rewards and punishments。Competition can provide a certain motivation，But if it evolves into internal consumption without paying attention to the overall academic atmosphere，It will be shared、The academic spirit of mutual assistance runs "。

　　Innovation -driven function of strengthening scientific evaluation

High -quality evaluation system helps promote academic innovation development。It is necessary to give full play to the orientation of the evaluation system for innovation and development，Promoting the evaluation subject to carry out academic innovation activities，Improve scientific research、Teaching、Quality of Consultation，The key is to construct science and reasonable、Rigid and precise、High -quality evaluation framework system with targeted guidance，Make accurate value judgment on the object of the evaluation。

Jinglinbo suggestion，First，Need to adhere to qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation。Carry out scientific research evaluation work，Need to perform all aspects、Multi bet365 Play online games -dimensional quantitative analysis，More subjective and qualitative evaluations need to be introduced，Especially in humanities and social science evaluations，Need to strengthen the correct political direction，Establish a scientific academic orientation。Next，You need to adhere to the classification evaluation system。There are many categories of humanities and social sciences，It is difficult to use the same indicator dimension for targeted evaluation，Therefore, it must be based on different subjects category，Design targeted evaluation method framework。For example，The research cycle of humanities is generally longer，Therefore, when the talent evaluation is conducted，Should focus on evaluating researchers in basic theoretical research and innovation、Construction and dissemination of knowledge system、The contribution of the inheritance and construction of the subject system。Evaluation of social scientific talents，Then we should focus on the assessment of the advice of the consultation government、Guide social practice、Auxiliary macro decisions and other contributions。This is because their research cycle is generally short，Social attention is higher。And，When evaluating the results of humanities and social science research，You must also consider，Even if the impact factor is also adopted as an evaluation indicator，The impact factor of the humanities journal is far lower than the influence factor of the social discipline journal。Last，You need to adhere to the diversified evaluation method and method。Evaluation subject diversity determines the diversification of the evaluation content and methods。To establish and improve an evaluation system based on peer evaluation: ensure fairness and justice selected by peer evaluation experts，Establish a strict evasion system and the publicity system of peer evaluation experts; ensure that the peer evaluation process is open and transparent，Strengthen the constraints on evaluation experts，Gradually implement open peer review，Prevent peers from evaluating experts to abuse power; promote the representative work system，Project results、Research Report、Spenseful translation、Technical Standard Specification、The results of consultation can be used as a masterpiece，Farewell to the "Light Application、Weight Light Quality "method。

Jiang Bo emphasized，Contemporary scientific research usually bet365 Play online games targets complex specific problems，Need to share cross -area、Knowledge of interdisciplinary、Personnel and equipment，and particularly dependent on teamwork。One of the guarantee mechanisms for teamwork is to be able to make appropriate evaluation and encouragement to the contribution of each member。So，The ultimate point of academic evaluation should be the development of academic development，The specific implementation should be implemented to promote the sustainable development of academic talents、The sound development of the academic team、The healthy development of the academic system。So，You need to overcome a single in the evaluation、One -sided tendency，From the data such as only attention to the influence factor and other data to the wealth of academic achievements; from the perspective of only focusing on individual performance high to research and formulation, the overall solution that can promote the development of individuals and teams，This can give full play to the positive role of the evaluation system。