Editor’s note: Observing contemporary Chinese philosophy and social sciences，Need to have a broad perspective，Needs to be seen in the context of the development history of the world and our country。The development of Chinese nj bet365 in the 20th century，Always accompanied by comparison with Western nj bet365、Control、Criticism、Absorption and sublimation，At the same time, it also has a subtle influence on the aesthetic thinking and literary exploration of Western theorists。This issue specially plans methodological reflections on China issues in Western nj bet365、Interactive dialogue between Western nj bet365 and Chinese issues、Discuss the influence of Chinese literature and culture on the spread of Western nj bet365，The importance of thinking about China issues to Western nj bet365，Construction has subjectivity、Original Chinese nj bet365 subject system、Academic system and discourse system。

　　From "the spread of nj bet365 learning to the east" to "the spread of middle school to the west"

The study of Chinese issues in Western nj bet365 not only requires parallel comparative research and origins of Chinese and Western knowledge systems and discourse systems in terms of epistemology、Research on the influence of communication，It is still necessary to decipher the attitudes of different literary subjects towards other literary theories caused by unequal dialogue from an epistemological perspective、Position、Strategy and method issues。There are many reasons leading to “unequal dialogue in the mutual transmission and mutual learning of Chinese and Western literary theories”，Such as "different" in knowledge、“Inequality” in value、“Imbalance” in development, etc.。In the face of this unequal dialogue，How Chinese nj bet365 Obtained Equivalence in "The Transmission of Middle School to the West"、Equal subject status，Becoming one of the important tasks of studying China in Western nj bet365。

　　Misplaced dialogue between Western nj bet365 and Chinese nj bet365

Some Western scholars believe that，There is no nj bet365 in China。Professor Gu Mingdong from the University of Texas in the United States once wrote an introduction，The 2010 new edition of "Norton's Selected Essays" is to change the situation of Western centralism，Specially invited him to recommend a Chinese literary critic。Out of consideration for the traditional origins of Chinese academics，Professor Gu recommended several articles such as "Yuan Dao", "Spiritual Thoughts", "Physical Nature", and "Feng Gu" in Liu Xie's "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons"，None of the results caught the eye of the editorial board。He then recommended Lu Ji’s "Wen Fu"、Ye Xie's "Original Poetry"，These two articles also failed the qualification review of the editorial board。Why are famous ancient literary theorists in China not recognized by Western literary theorists？The editorial board members believe that ancient Chinese nj bet365 cannot be called a kind of nj bet365，Although there is no shortage of "original insights and incisive thoughts"，But they all stay at the level of "a dragonfly glancing at the water"，Lack of “in-depth discussion”。To directly say "right" or "wrong" to this judgment of the editorial board seems to be blind，It is persuasive to use specific cases to discuss。

　　The influence of “intersexuality” thinking on European and American nj bet365 in the 20th century

To the Western world，Classical China is a heterogeneous culture completely different from European civilization。Western theorists often use Chinese classical culture to reflect on themselves，So，Chinese classical culture has become an organic part and structural element of European and American nj bet365。

　　The problem of China as the “other”—the Chinese perspective of Russian nj bet365 research in the 20th century

The 20th century is called the century of nj bet365。Russian literary theorists adhere to the empirical scientific spirit，On Literature、Folklore、Ethnography、Ethnology、Excavation and compilation of documents and materials in various aspects of cultural history、Based on textual research and argumentation，Comparative study of the similarities or similarities between the literature of various nationalities in the formation and development of world literature，Explore the hidden substance of these “similarities”、Regularities and different causal relationships，Different theories，Schools emerge one after another。As an important heterogeneous culture - the "other" of "self" - the Chinese issue has entered the eyes of more and more Russian literary theorists、The vision of writers, especially sinologists。

　　Chinese ideological resources in French left-wing nj bet365

Since the 18th century，Chinese and French culture and nj bet365 are on multiple levels、In-depth exchanges and dialogues were carried out in various aspects，Especially in the 20th century, French nj bet365 was continuously introduced to China，Sartre and Beauvoir’s existentialist nj bet365、Derrida’s deconstructionist nj bet365、Althusser’s Structuralist Marxist nj bet365、Lacan’s Psychoanalytic Poetics、Foucault’s biopolitical nj bet365 has been widely translated and studied，Become an important reference in the study of contemporary Chinese nj bet365。At the same time，Chinese Culture、Chinese nj bet365 is also an important theoretical resource in modern French nj bet365, especially left-wing nj bet365，The China issue has also been internalized as one of the frames of reference for French nj bet365。

　　Multiple paradigms of German nj bet365 explaining Chinese issues

Thinkers in the German-speaking world have paid close attention to China for a long time，And the issues of concern mostly focus on Chinese philosophy、Religion、Morality、Literature、Language、Culture and other fields。German nj bet365 Explaining China Issues in the 20th Century，From Sinologist、Psychoanalyst、Existentialist Philosopher、Early Western Marxists、A group of scholars such as critical theorists of the Frankfurt School。Most of them start from the West’s own problems or universal world problems，Use Western conceptual categories to understand "China"，And reflect on ourselves through "China"，Learn from China’s experience on this basis、Change thinking。

　　The spread of “nj bet365 imagination” in the Western science fiction world

Looking at the development history of science fiction over the past century，The development of science fiction literature in China has experienced large-scale translation and imitation of Western science fiction literature since the late Qing Dynasty，Gradually developed to the point where nj bet365 original science fiction literature is now widely circulated in the West、Influence multiplied。This process reflects the different stages and aspects of the evolution of Sino-Western exchange models，Shows the growing influence of "nj bet365 imagination" overseas and its potential to enter the deep space of other countries' cultures，of great significance。

　　"Classical Essays" in Russia

Russian Sinologists began to study Cao Pi’s "Essentials" in the 1940s。When Academician Alexeev, the leading figure in modern Sinology at that time, wrote "The Roman Horace and the nj bet365 Lu Ji on Poetry"，Cao Pi was studied as a pioneer of Lu Ji，And translated the full text of "Dian Lun · Essay"，Later included in the "nj bet365 Literature" essay collection published in 1978。Among Russian sinologists, the one who has done the most research on "Essays" is Igor Samoilovich Lisiewicz, a researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR。The biggest feature of his discussion of "Classical Essays"，It is based on one’s own in-depth research，Strive to clarify the West，Especially some misunderstandings by Russian sinologists about the study of "Dian Lun·Essay" in the past，And put forward his own creative opinions on many key issues。

　　Tolstoy and nj bet365 Classical Cultural Thought

As a giant of world literature and thought，Tolstoy’s writings in his own works、In letter diary，Said many touching words about nj bet365 traditional culture and thought，He sincerely connected the "tremendous" influence of nj bet365 thought with the era when his own ideological system underwent radical changes and matured，Dedicated a lot of energy in the second half of his life to thinking related to nj bet365 thought、Discussion、Preach、Translation、Written、Publishing in progress。Overview of the relationship between Tolstoy and nj bet365 thought，There are many aspects worth thinking about，Especially of reference significance in the current study of Sino-Western cultural relations。