After more than 20 years of development，Citizen Science has now become a research and practical field、A participating research method。but but，Existing citizen science projects and related research are mainly concentrated in the field of natural sciences，less projects involving humanities and social sciences and methods。Some scholars proposed，Although the combination of civic science and humanities and social science has not yet become the mainstream and faces some challenges，But it should be promoted and promoted，Because this will be conducive to rich scientific research methods，Enhance the social influence of scientific research。

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Citizen science refers to the general public to actively participate in scientific research tasks，Activity to produce new scientific and social knowledge in cooperation with scientists。Although non -professionals have participated in scientific research for several centuries history，But the term "citizen science" did not appear for the first time in the 1990s and became popular，Follow -up science、Policy、Wide recognition of education and all sectors of society。Since the beginning of the 21st century，A large increase in academic literature on citizen science，"Science" and "Nature" and other top international academic journals have also presented citizen's scientific development status。Another，American Citizen Science Association、European Citizen Science Association、Australian Citizen Science Association and other institutions have been established one after another，The American Citizen Science Association also founded Bet365 app download the journal "Citizen Science -Theory and Practice"。

Although the progress is significant，But citizen science still takes natural science as the "main battlefield"，Not yet "standing firmly" in mainstream humanities and social sciences。Aletta Bonn, a professor at the German Integrated Biological Diversity Research Center, and a survey displayed by European countries in 2016，More than 80%of civic science projects occur in the discipline of life sciences and natural sciences，Human Sciences and Social Science Projects accounted for only 11%。

Professor of Communication at the University of Vienna, Austria ( Matthes) and Austrian Installak Management Center Lecturer Raffael Heiss believes，Citizen science develops slowly in social sciences.。In the field of natural science，After the scientific institutionalization process starts，Volunteers continue to collect data about natural phenomena，and follow the clear empirical route，collect data about phenomena in the real world，These data exist independent of human knowledge。On the contrary，Social Science originated in philosophy，Focus on specifications; in terms of theoretical contribution，Its scientific exposition is centered on the elite、High personalized。From this perspective，The public participation space of social sciences is less space。

Since then，How to collect and analyze data becomes a topic for social scientists fiercely。Some scholars advocate adopting naturalism models，Think that observation of human beings can also follow the principles of natural sciences。This view has been questioned by interpretation of traditional scholars，The latter believes that the world is constructed above human perception，Analysis of the process of explanation。Objectiveness and authenticity thus become controversial concepts in social sciences，and when a professionals cannot bet365 Play online games reach an agreement on the basic research process，It is difficult for the public to participate in it。

The deputy researcher of the Department of Management and Organization of the School of Management and Organization of the School of Management and Organization of the Department of Management and Organization, ）、The curator and CEO of the Museum of Natural History, Austria, Katrin Vohland, and others published in the "Social Science and Human Sciences in Social Sciences and Human Sciences: Cross -disciplinary Research on Social Sciences and Human Sciences. strength"。They used a comprehensive integration method to analyze the citizen scientific cases involved in humanities and social sciences in existing scientific documents，The focus of research is concentrated in the role of citizens、Project goals and methods、Citizens’s tasks and gains in the project，The role and potential of humanities and social sciences play in the practice of civil sciences。

In this research and inspecting the project of civic social sciences，Most projects combine 2-3 disciplines to answer research questions，Therefore, there is obvious interdisciplinary nature，But less involved the theory of social sciences。Research results show，The development between human science and citizen science is relatively backward，But this kind of connection forms the identity for identity、Community construction、Knowledge and skill acquisition、Improvement of academic literacy is helpful。Humanities researchers use citizenship science as a tool，And social scientists are interested in studying citizenship more。

　​​Civic Social Sciences face three challenges

Taojiyei told this reporter，It is still difficult to comprehensively describe the theory and methodology of civic social sciences and humanities sciences，Because this field is still in buds。A major challenge faced by civilian social sciences and civilian humanities is data quality，Bet365 lotto review but but，More and more research highlights the value of high -quality data provided by non -expert citizens。Non -expert citizens and scientists also make contributions，Share income、Give it back。To deal with these challenges, you need to invest more efforts at the management level，Encourage scientists and non -expert citizen cooperation。

Mats and Hayes proposed，Civic Social Sciences face three key challenges。First，Mobilization target group is difficult。A number of participants and mobilization for them are one of the key prerequisites for the success of the civil social science project。There are already many enthusiast groups in the field of natural science，They are the "perfect" target group of civic science projects，There are also a large number of science science readings introduction research goals、Method、Results。Participants of the Citizen Natural Science Project can perform the same operation at different times and locations，This makes them feel that they have practically contributed to very useful knowledge。Research methods and results of social sciences are not so clear and easy to understand。In fact，Social science achievements highly depend on research background，and often controversial，Sometimes it is difficult to copy。

Second，Data quality is the core challenge of civic science，This is even more for civic social sciences。Natural science can use technical equipment to objectively observe research objects，Social sciences have much more dependence on human observation，and human observation may have prejudice。Social science research is often directly related to sensitive issues in politics and social systems，Specific groups and stakeholders may increase prejudice in data collection。Therefore，In order to ensure the data quality of civic social sciences，The observation process should not be Bet365 lotto review too complicated，Participants need to get clear instructions and guidance，It should also make the observation process try to avoid the influence of the personal characteristics of the participants。

third，The public plays an active role in the data production process，It will also involve data sharing and intellectual property、Conflicts and other ethical issues。This is because the relationship between social science and people is closely，The ethical risk of data sharing is much higher than natural science。As a professional scientist，You need to abide by the scientific research ethics guidelines，Report to the Ethics Review Committee for your research method，The ethical standards for citizen scientific participants are not clear.。These factors have obstructed the development of citizen science in the field of social sciences。

　Combining citizen science and social science

Talking about Taligani Yerini，Civil Social Sciences has appeared under the spotlight of cross -disciplinary research in recent years。Create knowledge with social scientists and solve society、Culture、Economic and other problems，Citizen science has strengthened the public's trust in social sciences。Non -expert citizens' contributions in civic social sciences and civilian humanities are different.，It depends on the personal interests of citizens and its role in specific research。The most common is a non -expert citizen invited to participate in a certain stage of research，Sometimes participating in multiple stages and even the whole journey。

Research by Taokinyei, Vorland and others，The research theme of civic social science is mainly driven by social needs。Research methods for civic social sciences with traditional literature review、Online or offline survey、Semi -structured interview、Focus Group、Content analysis，There are also more creative and innovative digital Bet365 lotto review stories、Action Study、Social Dilemma Game、crowdsourcing。Citizens generally participate in research through digital channels，There is also a more direct way。The conceptual framework of social sciences helps people increase the dimension of trusting non -expert knowledge。

Research issues of civilian humanities are more macro、Abstract，Most of the quantitative research methods，For example, case research、Literature review、Content analysis、Online survey、Interview、Study on History Literature。Citizens via social network、Social media participation research。The reason why citizen science is introduced into humanities science is that citizens are also the main body of humanities，They can help save important historical materials，At the same time, it helps to obtain unpublished materials scattered around the world and knowledge about specific regions。

Talking about Taligani Yerini，Current，Humanities and Social Sciences' visibility and recognition in cross -disciplinary civic science projects are low，But the combination of the two will release huge potential in a wide range of problems。If the in -depth thinking of humanities and social sciences and the academic technology can be better used，So it will greatly promote the sustainable development of citizen's science。other，Social science methodology and skills should be used，To understand the motivation and learning process of citizen's scientific participants，To strengthen their self -efficacy，Improve project results and influence。

Matters and Haz said，Citizen Science Project is improving innovation、Great potential for collecting large -scale data，helps solve important scientific and social problems，Social science can help understand the aspects related to humans in various scientific issues。and，Expert interview、Diary Study、Experience sampling method and other bet365 best casino games commonly used social science research methods are also applicable to citizen science。Therefore，More scientific research projects should be encouraged to combine citizen science and social sciences，Learn through the trial and error method at the same time，Make social science research methods and topics more "visible to touch"。