The internationalization of the platform should attach importance to cross -border data governance
September 12, 2023 16:01 Source: "China Social Sciences" September 12, 2023 Issue 2733 Author: Ji Fangfang Zhao Yuchao

With the rise of the Internet platform and the promotion of globalization strategy,The rapid development of the internationalization of my country's platform enterprises,Open a new idea for international communication,Bringing a new way to improving cultural soft power。During the internationalization of platform internationalization and international communication platform,Platform enterprises and its promoted products and service activities will inevitably involve data,Especially the cross -border flow problem of business data。Data ownership、Cross -border flow、Global governance and other topics are gradually becoming a research hotspot,Cross -border data governance becomes a key problem for the internationalization of the platform。

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Entering Europe from WeChat,Go to TIKTOK to sweep the global,Then go to BIGO LIVE、Yalla became popular in Southeast Asia and the Middle East,TOSPINO stabilizes the foothold in Africa,my country's Internet technology application cross -border "going to the sea" set off a boom,The role of digital platforms in international communication is increasingly significant。It can be said,The internationalization process of the platform is reconstructing the international communication pattern,International Communication Development has gradually presented platform -based traits。

Dutch scholar José Van Dijck believes,Digital platforms depend on extremely similar mechanisms,That is "platform logic" (such as personalized services and free business models),Come to execute the ability to connect data flow on the back end of the entire platform ecosystem,Various levels to promote platform -infrastructure level、bet365 Play online games The intermediary level、The industry level interrelated and function,to reconstruct socio -economic activities,Create a new platform era。It is not difficult to see,Platform logic has become the basis for digital platform operation,Data is the key driving force of the platform logic。

Although the relevant academic discussion of the current platformization of international communication platform is expanded at different dimensions,Including technical dimensions (infrastructure、Digital gap、Algorithm, etc.)、Economic dimension (traffic economy、Enterprise Management, etc.)、Governance dimension (privacy protection, etc.)、International political dimension (national image、soft power、geopolitics, etc.),but data ownership、Cross -border flow、Global governance and other topics are gradually becoming a research hotspot。Some scholars point out,Given the regional differences in the current international data governance,Chinese platform enterprises are expanding the market user market、Deployment server、When building a digital operation mode,Pay special attention to local data privacy compliance requirements,Avoid touching the "Thunder Area"。There are also scholars talking about the core role of governance,The importance of recognition content review mechanism and privacy protection to Chinese overseas platforms such as TIKTOK。Some scholars have proposed,On the basis of coordinating the relationship between development and security,my country needs to propose and promote the "China Plan" of cross -border data flow rules as soon as possible,To cope,Improving the operable and practical guidance of my country's corporate data cross -border flow from the system and legislative level。

  Question Domains of Cross -border Data flow treatment 

There is a point of view in the academic community.,"Cross -border Data flow" refers to the border between the relevant subject through the Internet and other communication systems,Transfer the data、Phenomenon storage and processed。Bet365 app download With the rapid development of the Internet,The digital economy has become an important force to promote economic development,Travel platform、Travel platform、E -commerce, etc. become a new format for people to "survive"、New mode。More and more companies are active in network space in the form of "platform",Become an integral part of people's daily life,Digital platforms have risen and become the main body of cross -border data flow。

For the platform,Data is a core question。Fan Dick thinks,The network platform is not a simple technical product。They are supported by hardware infrastructure,Drive by data (usually generated by users),Coordinated by algorithms,profitability through business model。Professor Zhang Zhi'an, a professor at the School of Journalism of Fudan University, believes,The Internet platform is not a neutral "online content agent",Instead, technical creators and data controllers that contain specific value bias and value specifications。

Cross -border data flow is closely related to business activities of cross -border platform enterprises,It is the core of the digital economy,It is also the core of digital platform governance。Due to data privacy leaks and other issues poorly dealt with,Cross -border digital platforms will cause a series of contradictions in the process of internationalization,Including the platform and the host country、Various contradictions between the host country and the mother country。From the perspective of governance,Cross -border data flow involves privacy、Public safety and other levels。Data leakage problem means personal privacy to users、Personal security and property security caused a threat。At the same time,Data security and data sovereignty issues become political focus。From the perspective of national security,Data is closely linked to national security。Take the United States as an example,Although it has not formed a unified data protection law at the federal level,Instead bet365 live casino games of adopting industry self -discipline mode,Encourage the restrictions on relaxation of data cross -border flow,But still restrict important data exports in key areas,Including medical health、Education、Child Privacy、Data in the fields of finance。Data sovereignty is related to the consideration of data resources and national security and national security in network space,Therefore, it becomes a key question。In recent years,European and American scholars focus on the research of data sovereignty on the issue of data judicial jurisdiction。

Cross -border data flow governance still lacks a global governance framework,The current multilateral framework includes the "Cross -border Privacy Rules System" (CBPR) system and the "Comprehensive and Progressive Inter -Pacific Partnership Agreement Agreement" (CPTPP)。Digital economy needs data efficiently to play value,But lack of mutual trust、Different value concepts,There are also some countries to achieve policy goals by restricting data flow。Data localization measures are taken based on data security and national security.。For example,According to Russian regulations,Technology Company is obliged to put the database of Russian user personal data in Russia。At the same time,Russia also requires Google、Twitter and TIKTOK and other foreign technology companies set up offices in the country,Otherwise, it will face restrictions or comprehensive ban。India also emphasizes data security,Requires sensitive data stored locally,Strict regulations on data overseas transmission。2020,Indian Electronics and Information Technology Department based on Article 69 A of the Information Technology Act,It is announced that 59 applications from China,claiming that some applications have unauthorized "stealing and secret transmission" user data on the server outside India。2022,India once again under the reason for "security threats",Breeding 54 Chinese applications。The existing governance framework represented bet365 live casino games by the "Cross -border Privacy Rules System" solves some data cross -border flow problems,Facing the Fields of various countries、Different values ​​and the realistic situation of data rules lagging behind digital technology and rapid economic development。

  Governance cross -border flow data is the key 

In the governance of cross -border data flow,The platform not only becomes an important cutter for breakthrough governance problems,and already a key node in the global governance complex system。In transnational business activities,Platform needs to be carefully evaluated by data collection、Cross -border flow、Storage and other activities meet the corresponding legal regulations,Because the digital platform has a lot of data,Involved in personal privacy、National Security and other information。In view of the commercial expansion of the platform, the potential contradictions between the public and the society existing,Strengthening the platform's own governance becomes an important theme。Yuan Universe (META) announced the list of "Independent Supervision Committee" in 2020,Experts from the world、Various background,In protecting the interests of consumers、Whether the content of the review is compliant、Disputes in dealing with a certain role。For the Chinese platform,Content review and privacy protection has become an important challenge for internationalization of Chinese overseas platforms such as TIK Tok。Multi -language and multimedia content relative to text,improved the difficulty of review,Algorithms trained according to the data set generated by society,It may learn and show human prejudice that exists in the data label itself,Disputes such as race and gender discrimination。Platform and public caused by personal data leaks、sharp contradictions between the government, etc.,Also indicates that the internationalization of the platform is not flat。

The Internet platform shall improve the content Bet365 lotto review of the platform through the formulation of platform rules、Algorithm recommendation and data privacy protection issues。For platform governance,At present, the academic community believes that the core of its technology involves two levels,One is data mining,The second is algorithm。Correspondingly,From the level of governance,It also involves the data level and algorithm level。According to the "General Data Protection Regulations" (GDPR),When personal data processing may cause discrimination、Identity theft or fraud、Economic loss、Reputation damage,Or it is used to reveal race or ethnic bloodline、Political perspective、Religious or philosophical beliefs,and being used to evaluate work performance、Health status、Health status、Personal preference or interest、Location or action, etc.,These data collection and data portrait behaviors will bring risks to the rights and freedom of natural persons,Require legal regulations。In terms of data,Digital platforms should fully inform users and get their consent,Comply with the data cross -border bill of the country and the improvement of advertising release rules。At the algorithm level,then requires regulatory algorithms to lack moral constraints, etc.。For example,TIKTOK has announced the code that publicly drives its content review and calculation algorithm,so that experts can observe their execution in real time,This is an important measure for active implementation of the responsibility of the laws and regulations。

Platform self -control is not only beneficial to the sustainable development of the platform,It also helps the discussion of the global platform governance plan。The governance path of the Internet platform practiced in my country is different from the West,and hope to seek a more pragmatic platform governance plan。So,Platform governance plan should be at the same time as international vision,Take into account cultural bet365 best casino games diversity and local adaptability,Contributions to building an open and inclusive global digital governance system。

  (This article is the strategy of accelerating the construction of international communication capabilities、Process、Effect Research "(22ZDA088) phase results) 

  (Author is an associate researcher at the Institute of Journalism and Communication of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Associate Researcher of the Intelligent Social Governance Research Center of Zhijiang Lab 

Editor in charge: Cui Bohan
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