"Jiaozhou Yangge" has been inherited for more than 300 years.，It is famous for its unique style and charm，and was officially included in the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2006。2018，Jiaozhou Yangge performed at the Qingdao Summit as a evening show。It has become the most representative folk art sample of the land of Shandong。Its inheritance and protection have a demonstration and enlightenment for other folk art。

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Jiaozhou Yangge originated from a unknown small village in Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province, Dongxiangtun，The surname of Zhao and Ma in the village is the ancestor of the folk art of Jiaozhou Yangge，It has been inherited for more than 300 years to this day。Peking opera characters of characters、Dan、Net、End、Ugly Five Dang Dang，In Jiaozhou Yangge，Characters are divided into plaster guests、Cuihua、Fan Girl、Little 嫚、Stick mallet、Six lines of drums。Plasine Pinthon，Also known as Umbrella Head，Do not intervene in dance and drama performances。It is funny，No fixed performance form，Due to export chapter，Good at improvisation，Known as "selling dog skin plaster"，Now the performance is no longer used。Cuihua (Lao Dan、Tsing Yi、Caidan) The name is named because of the "Cui Hua Bao"，Represents middle -aged and elderly women，The characteristics of the movement are hot humor，Kailang and Generous。Fan Girl (Tsing Yi、Boudoir Dan) Represents young women，The characteristics of the law are delicate and versatile，Gentle and pretty。Xiao Yan (Huadan) is the image of a girl，The characteristics of movement are lively and pretty、Underly implicit flexibility。Stick Hammer (Martial Arts、Boy) Represents young men，Named by two wooden sticks for hand dance，Dynamic law characteristics are Yingwu Jianjian、Properly tall。Drums (old) represents middle -aged and elderly men，It is named after the backbone of the back of the body，The characteristics of movement are humorous and humorous、Rough and bold。

During the Qing Dynasty well -known literati Song Guanwei, "Yang Lyrics"，Detailed description bet365 Play online games of the performance form and clothing of the six lines of the Jiaozhou Yangge、Performance props used。"Plaster" Luo Umbrella Gao Qing laughs shoulders，ringtone noisy。Who does it control the spring breeze pendant，Let to buy Yaoxian with the pot。"Cuihua" 钗 钗，Slowly selling green flowers。Laughing with a few times，Who is the spring this year。"Fan Girl" narrow red and stable，Daughter makeup bouquet is more pity。Fiber waist tired dance，Tun fan shakes the sleeve dust。"Little Board" Palace Fan Luo Turban Learning，Qiao Yanyan pressed red teeth。sweat flowing powder falls one after another，Xiao Drum Noisy 阗 阗 阗 阗。"Bangmo" debuts to listen to drums，Cluster of people's crowds cover。Just Aonon is outstanding，Light red jackets full of flowers。"Drums" Little Drum Light Shake Lang，Tang Tu Ge Putter 恁 枉。Two lines of red powder jealous，Tang Tu Ge Putter 恁 枉。It is not difficult to see through the above poems: this period，Jiaozhou Yangge has tended to improve and mature。

1864，Liu Cai, a village from Louzibu Village, Jiaozhou, Shandong，Learn from students to teach Jiaozhou Yango skills，This behavior is called "Ann pot"，It is also the earliest inheritance record of Jiaozhou Yangge。In the same year，Yin Hongqin, a native of Mantian Village, Jiaozhou、Ji Mingke and others have created the earliest domestic yang song "Crack Wrap"。Since then，The field of art has a professional division of Jiaozhou Yangge，Drama and dance are referred to as "small drama Yangge" and "small tune Yangge"。

After 1864，There are more than a hundred "Ann pot" points established in Jiaozhou area，The effects of the incurred gradually spread to Jiaonan、Gao Mi and other places。The emergence of "Ann pot"，It also made Jiaozhou Yangge gradually develop in the direction of operating performance，Forms a series of performances with unique local characteristics and folk characteristics。

　Jiaozhou Yangge's unique performance features

Jiaozhou Yangge has a heavy historical atmosphere and unique artistic charm。Its body characteristics are three corners and nine movements and eighteen state。The so -called three curves，refers to the external form of Jiaozhou Yangge，The knee of the human body、The curve connected by the waist and head，bet365 best casino games Can be charming for women、Beauty of Granda fully reflects。"Nine Movement" refers to the Yangge artist during the dance process，Movement of the body towards different orientation and position。"Eighteen State" refers to the specifications of the artist during the performance、Multi -angle exercise，To form a beautiful dance image，A very different visual experience to the viewer。

"Jiaozhou Yangge" dance action in the dance movement of three bending states，It can be inspected from the perspective of humanities and historical development。In the feudal society，Women cannot perform on stage，Many female characters are played by men，So，The actor must shape the twist in accordance with the actual requirements of the script、Shy and other images，Also use the body language to show the "curve beauty" of the female body。When dance,，To make the female characters played by the actor more realistic、Image，The actor will wear a special "seesaw"，Use this to imitate the little feet woman。In a series of dance moves，The strength of the actor is combined with the twisting height，Forming tough、Stretching and liquid characteristics of curve art。In traditional performances，The artist's body "崴" on both sides，Always ahead、Hou Zhang，Expressing the image of women to the fullest。

　　Modern Development of Jiaozhou Yangge

Under the new era，Traditional folk art is protected as an intangible cultural heritage。But static protection does not allow the vitality of folk art to rejuvenate，How to inherit and develop is a subject that Jiaozhou Yangge has always faced。Art of art to continue，The key lies in inheritance。In the late 1990s，Relevant departments and folk art organizations in Shandong Province have begun to vigorously promote and dig in Jiaozhou Yangge，Let Jiaozhou Yangge bloom again。Jiaozhou Yangge is in the process of seeking inheritance and development，Going out of your own exploration。

1. Do a good job of campus inheritance，Promote the popularization of Jiaozhou Yangge。Relevant departments have excavated and organized Jiaozhou Yangge 7 times in 7 times，Save the original information。1992，Published "Jiaozhou Da Yangge"; 2005，Written "Jiaozhou Yangge Textbook", "Jiaozhou Yangge Traditional Song", which is suitable for quality education for primary and secondary bet365 Play online games schools，Recording teaching videos; since 2007，Build 3 well -equipped Jiaozhou Yangge Cultural Ecological Protection Village，Guide the establishment of more than 200 student Yangge team，Let teenagers come into contact with these grounded national folk culture。to 2016，Three primary schools in Jiaozhou have won the title of the first batch of "Chinese Yangge Traditional Schools" in the country。

2. Standing for the old artist，Let "exceed" can be checked。In Chinese opera，Each action、The aria is particular about，Many techniques and charm are passed down from the mouth，Jiaozhou Yangge is the same，If you want to inherit this culture，It must be from the folk old artist，To understand the professional performance skills that are gradually annihilating in the years，Make sure that each singing、Eyes and movements are accurate and correct。From 2006，Jiaozhou City hires folk artists to carry out theoretical research，Published "Jiaozhou Yangge"，Visit the old artist and establish a personal file，Protection of Jiaozhou Yangge、Inheritance and development provides a well -checked text information。

3. Gorgeous talent team，Improve the level of actors' business。Jiaozhou Maoqiang Yangge Art Heritage Protection Center，Carry out a system mining of Jiaozhou Yangge、Sort and protect。It adopts commission training、Recruitment from Dazhong College of Art，Recruiting young actors，Professional team level and comprehensive ability significantly improve。

In addition，Qingdao Municipal Government and relevant departments also set up special funds，enable the inheritor to devote himself to the research work of folk art and culture such as Jiaozhou Yangge。

4. Create a cultural brand platform，Promoting boutique borrowing in the event。As "Hometown of China Yangge"，Jiaozhou City has held the Five Sessions of China Yangge Festival，Launched a large number of original boutique Yangge programs such as "Wire Fan Fan", "Pig King Marry", "Cuihua · Drunk Yangge", "Baoyao Tune"，Creative、clothing、Music and other aspects to achieve new breakthroughs。The Spring Festival Yangge Club has been held for nearly 30 consecutive years，Further rejuvenating the vitality of the intangible cultural heritage。

5. Build a government platform，Provide sufficient financial support。To protect Bet365 lotto review Jiaozhou Yangge，From 2004，Jiaozhou City for three consecutive years to allocate 100,000 yuan per year for the mining of Jiaozhou Yangge、Sort and popularize，Create a cultural museum -centered Jiaozhou Yangge training base。Since 2006，Increase financial investment，The recording of Jiaozhou Yangge、Protection、Teaching and other work。At the same time，Diversified sources of funds，I hope to actively absorb enterprises and social funds，Finally moving towards marketization。Today, financial investment in Jiaozhou Yangge every year reaches more than 10 million yuan，Protection of Jiaozhou Yangge、Inheritance and development provides sufficient funds。

6. Internationalization of exchange，Enhance the popularity of "Yangge Township"。2012，Jiaozhou Yangge participated in the China Cultural Year Performance in Italy、23rd China Macau Art Festival，Show the Jiaozhou Yangge "Happy Ocean"、Jiaozhou Yangge's drama "Back to Mother's Home" and other art programs with local characteristics of Jiaozhou，Improving the influence of Jiaozhou as the hometown of Chinese Yangge，improved the popularity of Jiaozhou Yangge in the country and the world。

7. Combination with Maoqiang，Non -heritage "twin flowers" and open。Jiaozhou Yangge and Maoqiang，It is two national non -heritage projects in Jiaozhou，The two have their own cultural charm and influence，Both parties can "1+1 & gt; 2"，Promoting role that complements each other's development，This is a new attempt for folk culture in Jiaozhou。

2016，Jiaozhou Maoqiang Yangge Art Heritage Protection Center compiled the "Chaozhou flavor" Maoqiang opera "The Story of Yangge Township"，It was selected as a list of key creation of stage art on the country。Play Yangge with Mao cavity，Let the two add new vitality on the basis of tradition。

The combination of Jiaozhou Yangge and Maoqiang also appeared at the 2017 National New Year Opera Party，Along with "the ancient three government Denglai Qing，Mao cavity vocal vocal singing，28 young actors use the Jiaozhou Yangge with "three curves, nine movements and eighteen states" to accompany dance，Let the two reflect on the national stage。

　In -depth thinking about the protection and development of Jiaozhou Yangge

Expand cultural influence、Stimulate the cultural pride of the masses、Make a market -oriented attempt、The guarantee of laws and regulations is an Bet365 app download indispensable factor that enables the sustainable development of folk culture。

1. Create "Fame"，Increase talent training。Jiaozhou Yangge Culture Development needs a strong professional ability、Team with high comprehensive quality，Cultural units at all levels should pay attention to cultivating and excavating interested、Qualification、Young adolescents with special strengths，Provide sufficient support for the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage such as Jiaozhou Yangge。At the same time，Through training、Establishment and other methods to cultivate and improve the existing Jiaozhou Yangge literary staff，Encouragement skills、Eligible young and young applicants，Make talents in the most reasonable development。

2. Digging Yangge's stunts，Create audiovisual database。Under the situation of the traditional Yangge drama and Yangge's stunts，Increase the singing of traditional Jiaozhou Yangge drama、tune、The collation of technology is very necessary。It should be organized to organize the composition work of Jiaozhou Yangge，Formulate system、Reasonable rescue plan，Orderly carry out the organizational and recovery of traditional Yangge。

Creating the Audiovisual Database of Jiaozhou Yangge is also a means to protect traditional Jiaozhou Yangge。By collecting and organizing Jiaozhou Yangge，The existing performance of Yangge、Feature characteristics、role -playing、Music singing and clothing props, etc. are completely recorded through the database，Reserve a theoretical basis for inheriting Jiaozhou Yangge。

3. Breakthrough in innovation，Create a special tourist brand。The high combination of "dance and opera" is the most unique artistic connotation of Jiaozhou Yangge。Dance with the aria，Jiaozhou Yangge has shaped many distinctive characters。If in -depth excavation，Create a aria、Dance、Large Jiaozhou Yang opera opera of opera stories，Tourism brands like "Impression Lijiang" and "Impression Liu San Sister"，Become a beautiful city business card in Jiaozhou，The inheritance and development of Jiaozhou Yangge is also practical。

4. Improve the protection system，Strengthen legal protection。my country has included the "Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection bet365 Play online games Law" in the category of the National People's Congress Legislative Plan，But my country's Great Great Word Bo，Rich in cultural history，The types of intangible cultural heritage are relatively many，It should be introduced to the laws and regulations that match it，can improve the final protection effect。This can be seen，Jiaozhou Yangge only gets support from local laws and regulations，The protection and development of Jiaozhou Yangge can be carried out smoothly。

The protection of traditional folk art is not overnight，Need to implement a generation。The inheritance and development of Jiaozhou Yangge faced in the development of the times，Need to keep pace with the times with artists，Protect the aesthetic and cultural vision in the background of the new era、Inheritance and sustainable development，Chinese folk art, including Jiaozhou Yangge, can continue to develop。

(Author Unit: Qingdao Cultural Museum Qingdao Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center)