Drama symbolics and the construction of the body theater，At present, it is still worthy of in -depth thinking that we combine the development history of Chinese drama and the characteristics of table director。This article will learn through Roland Butrto's theory of drama symbol，Analysis of the combination of body theater and drama symbolics，The aesthetic characteristics presented by the domestic contemporary and international cutting -edge modern dance aesthetic pottery body theater are examples，Explore the aesthetic expression and deep meaning of the Chinese contemporary body theater under the symbol of the drama。

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Since the 1980s，Drama symbolism began to spread widely worldwide，A group of scholars and research results in Europe and the United States。In our country，Hu Miaosheng, a professor at the Shanghai Academy of Drama in the early 1980s, the "Introduction to the Study of the Drama Performance" is the first drama symbolic work in my country，Once attracted high attention from the academic community。1986 "Drama Art" published the first issue of Hu Miaosheng's "Drama Symbol Academic Guide"，This article introduces the theory of Western symbolians and drama symbolics，Among them, the French symbolist Roland Bart。

In the first ten years of writing in Roland Bart，He is deeply received by Sartre、Marx、Blacht's influence。"Zero of Writing", "Mythology" and a set of drama papers are completed under the system of these three。Bart drama theory article was seen from 1942 to 1975，There are 94 articles in the theory of play and the book "On Laisin" (1963)。These discussions are written in the period when they start to build a symbol "myth" based on the linguistics of Sosuer。"Mythology", "On Laisin", "Different bet365 live casino games Righteousness and Obonym -Literature and Art Criticism Collection III"，These three works have collected the Bart drama theory articles more concentratedly，Among them, "Mythology" can be used as a presentation carrier for Bart in the concept of drama symbolism in the 1950s。

Bart believes that symbols are formal science，Ideology is the science of history，The former revealed the composition of the myth，The latter examines the background of the formation of myth。Bart inherited the theory of linguistic theory (that is, the symbol is the combination of the symbol to refer to)，Created a second -level symbol system for mythology。In the first level of language level，Can refer to content，The concept refers to，They constitute symbols in the language system; this symbol becomes a capable finger (form) in the second mythical system at the same time，This constitutes the referred to (concept) in the second mythology system (concept)，The combination of the two is the final myth。

The purpose of this point of view of Bart is to promote the use of symbols to express a social posture。Bart thinks，Any drama work can also be simplified into what Blacht calls a social gesture，This is an external actual expression of social disputes proved by the work。This attitude，This is this special historical mode，Deep in any performance，This obviously requires the director to discover it and express it。For this，He can arrange all the drama skills from this: actor's performance、On -site arrangement、The ups and downs of the plot、cloth、Light，Of course there are clothing。

The 50th of the 50th of the Patt drama，The use of mythology symbolics can be outlined and grasped by the following clues: First of all，Bart believes that "the current generation is particularly interested in the second -level communication in literary speech activities: today's question，Not extension，but connotation bet365 best casino games "。This is a typical point of view of his research on structuralist symbolism in the 1950s，This "connotation" in the drama is the "connotation" of "drama"。Drama can refer to this symbolic mythology in drama practice，Over clothing、Gesture、Language and other aspects to show and express，So as to produce the dramatic effect of Bart。

　　The influence of Bart's drama symbol

In the early drama theory，Bart believes that dramatic can be analyzed through the ability of drama。Various elements that constitute the drama (cloth scene、Clothing、Light、Words、Performance, etc.) Pass information like polying music，And this "certain degree of symbol" is dramatic。At the same time，Bart ’s semantic analysis ratio of the drama allows us to understand the method of using symbolism as a structural theorist，This is also the usual method of interpretation of the myth。Bart gives a special attention to drama with the view of "symbolism"，This is because of his opinion，Drama is similar to the control theory machine: "When standing standby，This machine is hidden behind the curtain。When someone finds it, it begins to send a certain amount of information to people's addresses。This information has the characteristics of the same but different rhythm。For example, in the performance，We will receive six or seven information (from Scene、Clothing、Light、Actors' position、Their move、Their imitation、their words)。And some of the information removal (this is the situation of the scene)，while others are always changing (words、Action)。”

Roland Bart, as a symbolist, formed by the formation of French drama research.。Just as Professor Gong Baorong proposed，Since the middle of the 20th century，In French scholar Ai Jian Surio、Clort Levi Straus、Roland Bart、a.j. Gramas and others，Anna Yu Besfield, a famous drama professor at the Third University of Paris, France、Michel Corvan、bet365 live casino games George Bunu and Patris Bavvis and others work together，In the late 1970s and 1980s, the drama symbols were created from scratch to create a system of discipline，Published a large number of academic monographs，So the Third University of Paris became a academic town in France and even the world of drama research。

With the continuous efforts of the domestic academic community，French drama symbolism theory has formed a special translation and research effect since 2000。Important theoretical representative monograph is the Chinese translation version of "Drama Symbol" by Anna Yu Besfield, a famous drama professor in Paris, France，In 2004, it was translated by Gong Baorong and published in China Drama Publishing House。2008，Gong Baorong's article "Overview of Drama Symbols" published in "Chinese Drama"，Further as a guide to interpret the theory of French drama symbolism。To sum up，Since the 1980s，The far -reaching influence of drama symbolism in the theoretical research of domestic drama is obvious，Especially since the introduction and translation of "Drama Symbolism"，The academic community has deepened the translation and research of French drama symbolism theory。

According to the perspective of French drama professor in Besfield，Compared with other art exchanges，The biggest feature of drama symbolism is that it has a dual communication system，The language symbol exchange system based on the script and the communication system composed of other audiovisual symbols on the stage。So，Drama symbolics can actually be subdivided into language text symbolics and performance text symbolics。Under the influence of Roland Butrt，Drama symbolists pay more attention to the response of the recipients (audience) during the performance.，So the so -called "performance reading" said，Research is the understanding of the audience's understanding of the performance symbol and bet365 live casino games the process of performance significance。Drama Symbolology is committed to building a symbol system of "Director's Dialogue"，The paragraphs and composition methods composed of various visual ingredients in the performance、Structure of Performance Text, etc.。The important part of the construction process of drama symbolics and the "director discourse" symbol system，is the "writing symbol" of the stage performance and the symbolic meaning of them formed。

　　Drama symbolics and body theater

From the obvious clothing，Then the gesture of the performance，Finally, we will find another aspect that is closely related to the posture，is the "body" that occupies an important role in Bart's dramatic meaning。Bart pays attention to the relationship between the body and performance in the "Collection of Literature and Art Criticism"，The relationship between "body is the theater", "body and scene" and "body and text space"。As Bart said: "There is a way to give these perfect and mediocre bodies a way，This method is the theater。"The body's medium is very important in the drama of Bart's early drama and Podlair's drama: Putting the actor in the center of the drama miracle，and the drama constitutes a super specific place。In this place，The body is dual，It is from the usual、Natural、Body with life，It is an exaggerated and solemn body fixed by the function of artificial objects。

Actually，The body as a "stage language" and the material carrier in the drama stage，It is already an important object in the theory of drama aesthetics，Rudo attaches importance to the body of the actor in the cruel drama of Alto，Jacques Copper's training for improvisation in Italy，Villal's minimalist set of the Volkswagen Drama Outlook highlights the concept of actor's shape and performance，Peter Brook's "empty space" for the height of the actor，Jacques Lecike's training for the body，Thinking about the aesthetics Bet365 lotto review of the drama stage all values ​​the expression and importance of the body。The body becomes a "writing symbol" on the stage，Forms a unique aesthetic creation。

In recent years，One of the representatives of dance theater that has formed an important impact in China and internationally，Is the Tao body theater。Since its establishment in 2008，Tao body theater swept more than 40 countries in the world、More than a hundred different art festivals，As a full -time modern dance group, it has attracted widespread attention，and become one of the most watched and most contemporary Chinese dance troupes on the international stage。The choreography concept of the Tao Body Theater can be known，The body is the core of the team's unique style: "The body as the mother that carries the origin of life，During the movement of movement，The body naturally generates reproduction and consumption、Many issues related to limited and infinite，Also answering and solving these questions。"It is worth noting that it is，The Tao Body Theater uses the body as the "symbol" of "stage writing"，Reflected the neutral characteristics of Bart's "zero -degree writing": male and female actors de -gender appearance and unified color clothing、minimalist stage background、Cutting clear lights and ethereal music，Holding out the expression of the actor's body，and form "paragraph" and "rhythm" through rhythm，As a result, return to the imagination of primitive and pure vitality。Exploring the boundless cosmic view of the universe through the body，Performance through zero emotional and neutral symbolic body rhythm，Return the essence and pure definition，Shake the audience in the silent body language，Stimulates and magnify the body sensory through the rhythm (slow rhythm or duplicate rhythm or fierce rhythm)，Let the audience stand quietly and stare at the daily "Temple"，From this to bet365 best casino games rethink the meaning of physical and life。In this kind of body theater with Chinese Zen philosophy，We also saw the "solemn body" aesthetic portrayal pursuit of Bart's drama symbol learning。

　　(This article was awarded project funding for the introduction of post -doctoral exchange plan for 2020)

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Renmin University of China)