2022，40th Anniversary of the Sports of China Small Theater，Since its theory comes from the extensive translation of western literature and art theory in the new era, its theory comes from the new era，Therefore, the small theater in China has also become a product of the collision of the concept of Chinese and Western pioneers and localization practices。This article will pass through the origin of the small theater in the West、The development form of the Chinese Theater、Three aspects of the small theater festival in cultural exchanges，Review the phased characteristics of the Chinese small theater、Records and outlook。

　　bet365 best casino games

France gave birth to a small theater movement in the late 19th century and early 20th century，Intellectuals and artists try to defend and re -establish the literature of French drama under the impact of business and capital、Art、Poetic connection。How to choose between "art" and "business"，The key to becoming a small theater movement and survival。

1887，Andre Anto Wan created in Paris to create a "free theater" that can only accommodate more than 300 audiences，Nicknames that confront the bourgeois business drama，The commercial drama on the line of compete is，If the "tree -lined Drama" for the purpose of entertainment at that time。Anto Wan respects naturalism in his small theater practice、Realism，Subsequent advancement to symbolism、New artistic trends such as expressionism。His bold innovation in stage set and performance，Its innovative measures have therefore become the "origin" of the French and even small European theater movements。The representative results bet365 Play online games of through the academic community，Ru Gong Baorong's "The Origin of the Small Theater Movement -Anto and its" Liberty Troupe ""、Ding Luo Nan's "" New Year "and Small Theater Drama、Fan Fangjun’s "The modern nature of the European Theater Movement and it are against the United States、Influence of Modern Drama "and other studies can be known，French small theater movement and absurd drama have a profound impact in the practice of Chinese and Western Theater，but not the same。

In France，1950 absurd drama "Bald Song Girl" staged in a small theater in Paris，This is after Anto Wan’s "Free Theater"，France's wave of drama in the small theater in the 1950s and 1960s。During the performance season of 1952，Berkrt's "Waiting for Goto"、"Chair" in Yunusku and Admody's "Funny imitation" have been staged one after another，It marks the official boarding of the absurd drama。1959，Polish Drama Director Glootstusky opened the pioneering "simple drama"，removed the scene、clothing、Chemical outfit、Music、light effect，Streamlined to only the most basic elements left: Viewing Relationship。This form of innovation has once again set off the challenge of Western intellectuals on popular and commercial drama，Absurbing drama maker clearly stated that it is not created by satisfying the interests of most audiences，Almost all small theater dramas have proposed to break and break the traditional drama operation system including commercial box office。This can be seen，Whether it is the absurd drama staged in France，The rise of the drama movement of the small theater，The mechanism of its occurrence in the West reflects the confrontation of art and capital breaks。

　　The development trajectory of the Chinese Theater

China's small theater movement happened with bet365 best casino games the innovation of drama in the new period，In the development of society and the times, I experienced "Explore Drama" from the pursuit of artistic creation，By the 1990s, the change of the "pioneer drama" of the market compromise with the market。As Chen Jide defined the Chinese contemporary pioneer drama and small theater drama: "Pioneer drama may not be all small theater dramas，Similarly，Small theater dramas may not be pioneer drama，But most of Chinese contemporary pioneer drama appears in the form of small theater drama，But it is an indisputable fact。"(Chen Jide" Chinese Contemporary Pioneer Drama 1979-2000 "，China Drama Publishing House，2004)

Judging from the translation and influence of the theory of Western Drama，Under the wave of reform and opening up，A large number of translations and introduction of Western literature theory works。From 1987 to 1996，For example, "Foreign Literature School Research Data Series" has published "Aestheticism" (1988)、"Symbolism · Image School" (1989)、"Futuristic · Surrealism" (1994)、"Absurdity Drama" (1995) four types。From 1992 to 2006，China Drama Publishing House published a total of 9 volumes of "Foreign Drama Theory Book"。Where，French dramaist Anthan Alto's "Cruel Drama -Drama and His Relunk" (translated by Gui Yufang，Published in 1993)，British drama theorist Martin Eslin's "Aurora" (translated by Liu Guobin，Published in 1992)、British drama Pine Brook's "Empty Space"，Published in 1998) A profound impact on the theoretical exploration of Chinese small theaters in China。

In the field of practice，China ’s small theater drama was originally an amazing coincidence with the French absurd drama“ No one dares ”。For example，Absorption drama staged in the small theater，Due to subverting the traditional Bet365 lotto review script form，presents the characteristics of "anti -drama"，桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏，The script and even the characters have no clear logic and main line，so that no traditional director dared to directed in France。But，Compared with the French and the European and American small theater movements，Chinese Theater Drama is forced to survive and operate pressure，Its "resistance" to the market looks more gentle。Especially under the sweeping of the commodity economic wave，Chinese Theater Drama is pioneered by pioneer experimental arts pursued by the exploration period，Gradually shifting to the small theater "Pioneer" drama from "niche" to "mass"。

Entering the new era，The study of the academic world about Pioneer Drama and Small theater roughly experienced three development stages: the first stage (1988-1999) is the acceptance period，At this stage, the academic community mainly follows "Pioneer Drama", "Post -Modern Drama" and "Small Theater"。Phase II (2000-2010) is a research explosion period。The research and influence of this stage has begun to take diversity and dialectics，Special research from Pioneer Drama Director，The art reflection on the art of small theaters and pioneers。The third stage (2011-2020) continues the critical theory of Pioneer Drama，It is mainly reflected in the criticism and thinking of the relationship between the pioneer art and the commercial market。Summary，How to break the creative bottleneck，Realizing the unique "Pioneer Aesthetics" of the drama of Chinese theater，It is the direction we think about and future search。

　　International Small Theater Drama Festival in cultural exchanges

In the past three years，The form of "cloud space" and online and offline brings a challenge and opportunity to break through bet365 Play online games the limit of time and space for the Chinese theater drama。Here，Only the 1122 1122 Shanghai International Small Theater Drama Show and International Academic Symposium as an example，The new form of international exchanges of the drama of small theater。

Shanghai International Small Theater Drama Exhibition Performance has been held for eleven sessions to this day，Each session invites about 10 overseas repertoires，Domestic repertoire 3-4，According to records of 40-50 games in the past，More than 10,000 audience。This session of the little theater drama festival coincides with the 400th anniversary of Mori's birthday，The theme of "Small theater Drama under the epidemic"，from the Shanghai Academy of Drama、Yunnan Academy of Art、International Drama Association jointly organized。This small theater drama festival brings together China、Uruguay、Algeria、North Macedon、India、Italy、Greece、Iran、Germany、Korea、A troupe in 13 countries including Armenia and Georgia、Director、Artists and experts and scholars，and online and offline exhibitions performed 18 theater works selected by the participating countries。At the same time，Successfully held an international academic seminar and youth student review forum seminars。15 experts at home and abroad make the theme of the theme，Discussion involved drama under the epidemic、Mori and Comedy、Body drama and literature、Small theater space and other high -profile topics。

Works of the Shanghai International Small Theater Drama Festival，Show the diversification of creative themes、Experiment of the small theater、Diversity of culture。Works involve humanity、Individual and history，and social problems and other aspects of discussion，Such as Greek's "Statue in Waiting" questioned Bet365 app download people in the form of tragedy and comedy "how to remember history and existence"; India's unicorn "Bibacmanto" shows society with a multi -angle performance in one person's decorative performance. The bitterness of the underlying figures; "Food" selected by the Shanghai Academy of Drama、"The First Sonata of the Qing Chang Chong" in South Korea is torture the depth of human nature in the special situation with a unique meaning。other，Algeria's "Antigne"、Georgia's "Told"，It presents the contemporary interpretation of classic drama。Salon comedy "Commented Mrs. School" at Shanghai Drama Academy、The limb drama "Short Mori" and the experimental opera "Qiuhu Opera Wife" of Yunnan Academy of Arts、"Play Jiang'an" from the Sichuan Conservatory of Music, through different artistic styles and director forms，presents the exploration of Chinese drama today's small theater dramas in interpretation of classic text and limb drama、expression of national characteristics and local culture、Modern poetic presentation of experimental opera，Discovery and innovation of the youthful interpretation of the main melody theme。

At the 40th anniversary of the sports in the Chinese small theater，The successful convening of this year's Shanghai International Theater Drama Show and the International Symposium on the International Symposium can be described as extraordinary，It not only creates conditions for the international exchanges of Chinese and foreign drama dramas，Injects vitality and hope for the small theater drama in the post -epidemic era。Looking forward to the future，How does the small theater drama in China open a unique artistic path in the intersection of Chinese and Western drama art? How will it break through the dilemma in the future，Realizing viewing innovation and Bet365 lotto review international exchanges? I hope the future Chinese theater drama has created a new possibility，Having a satisfactory answer to the world。

　(This article is the National Social Science Foundation's major project "Contemporary European and American Drama Research" (19ZD10) phase results，Get funded by Shanghai's "Super Doctoral" incentive plan)

(Author Unit: Shanghai Academy of Drama)