Return in Russia's Far East, Rock paintings are mainly distributed in the right bank of the lower reaches of Heilongjiang and its tributaries。As of now，A total of 4 rock painting points were found in these places、About 150 images。Its research history can be roughly divided into 3 periods。Before the 1950s，It is mainly the discovery period of rock painting，At this time, the research of rock paintings is still scattered，No system，mainly records and copy of rock paintings; from the early 1950s to the end of the 20th century，The research of human face rock paintings began to enter the climax period，A series of articles and monograph on human face -like rock paintings began to appear，The framework of the research of rock painting is built，The age of rock painting、Connotation and its national relationships such as the national relationship have been preliminarily resolved; from the beginning of the 21st century to the present，Taking Sikacic -Aliangyan painting as the background，A series of new technologies is widely used in rock painting records and protection，Rock painting research has also traditionally focused on the explanation of humanities to the empirical direction of natural sciences。

　　Before the 1950s

1859，р. К Mark discovered Xieliemei Wo Yansan in the right bank of the Usuri River，This is the first time that rock paintings in the Far East of Russia entered a scientific vision。1894，h. Alvertan re -examined the rock painting point。According to his description in the article "The Wulu River and Bijinhe Rock Paintings"，Xielie Meijiewo Rock can be divided into 3 places，and the human face like rock paintings was first noticed and got the copy。The most famous rock painting point in the Far East of Russia is Sikaci — Aliang。The record of the rock painting point was first seen in the diary of the Russian Oriental scientist Paradi Kafarov at the end of the 19th century。1895，п. И и и，Reporting it。

1899，American Oriental Scholars Berito Lawve participated in the anthropological survey carried out by the American Natural History Museum in Heilongjiang Basin，and published the article "The Amur Rock Painting" in the "American Anthropologist" magazine Bet365 app download published that year，​​Inside some of the rock paintings in the area introduced。1908，Russian Far East Explorer в. к к к к к — —。1910，National scientist л. я. Shijielilk records on the journey to ancient legends related to Sikacci -Aliangyan painting。1919，Japanese scientists Torii Torii Dragon Tibetan inspects the downstream rock painting of Heilongjiang，A brief description of the "Northeast Asia Search" published in the subsequent publishing。In the early 1930s，н. Г Hallamov conducted a special study on Sika Kichi -Aliangyan painting。He described the basic situation of rock painting，Take photos and make a copy map; at the same time，It also collected some cultural relics including stone and pottery。It is worth noting that，He linked the boulder with rock paintings with the ancient city of Galbu。1935，Under the leadership of A. п. Okladiskov，Institute of the Institute of Ethnicology of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Academy of Sciences conducted a survey of Sika Kichi -Aliang and Maresevo Rock。The members of the inspection team have copied some rock paint images，and the style of rock painting、Preliminary research on installment and age issues。

　　From the early 1950s to the end of the 20th century

Enter the 1950s，With A. п. Okladiskov and others conducted large -scale archeological surveys in northern Asia，Human face of rock paintings in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang and the Wusi River area was re -discovered and systematically studied。1953，The Institute of Material and Culture History of Leninrad Material and Culture History organized a Far East Archaeological Expedition Team, the captain of а. п п п Okladnikov，A comprehensive investigation and research on the ancient ruins of the area，The system research of rock painting also began here。Subsequent，The team has made many copies of the rock paintings of people in the region。1970，Archaeological team led by а. п. Okladiskov discovered the site near the first place near the first place of Aliangyan painting，Provided exact evidence for the age of determining the rock painting point。1968，The book "The Holy Elephant of the Ancient Amur" was published in New Siberia，This is also the first monograph on the downstream rock paintings of Heilongjiang。

1971，Soviet Science Press published the book "The Book of the Rock Painting of the Amur River" by Bet365 lotto review A. п п Okladnikov，Author family of people in the region's face rock paintings、Production method、Type、Times and cultural connotation have been conducted in a comprehensive research，This book is a collection of the Research on the Research of the Rock Painting of Heilongjiang。other，In this book，The author is based on the production technology of rock painting and its distribution characteristics、Features of image theme、Save status、Archeology and national scientific materials have been widely comparative analysis。1981，The English version of "Amur River Art: Ancient Art of the Russian Far East" is published at the same time in New York and Leninrad，Therefore, the unique rock painting art of the area is widely known around the world。A. п. Okladnikov's works detailed the characteristics of rock paintings，Fully discussed their installments、Dynasties and the cultural connotation of rock paintings; at the same time，He also proposed，Creative motivation and style characteristics can be solved by the similarities in ethnicology。They collected a lot of archeological materials，These materials provide solid evidence for the sequence of the age of the rock painting，Especially some rock painted images are similar to the decorations on the pottery，Can be used for cross comparison。

This period，In addition to research on human face -like rock paintings in the region，Some scholars will also invest in the field of vision，Try to discuss through human face rock paintings，to trace the entire development process of its development。Rock paintings in the Far East of Russia provided rich materials for cross -cultural research，In the Russian literature, the creative motivation of human face rock paintings also gives a lot of attention。Among them, the most concerned is the methodology problem，Whether the rock painting material can be used to analyze the contact and migration of the crowd、Borrowing of rock painting images between different people，and possible conceptual communication mechanisms, etc.。The basis of this topic is laid by A. п. Okladiskov，He asked people to pay attention to the similarity of images in large -scale rock paintings。In the book "The Rock Painting of the Amur River"，He made a wide range of similar images found in the lower reaches of Heilongjiang and the face of the Usuri River with the archeological and national scientific materials in Southeast Asia，And bet365 live casino games pointed out that similar human face -like rock painting themes exist in the Pacific region。Actually，The tradition of the mask in the rock painting and the ritual practice related to the mask -human noodles in Eurasia、Pacific area、Australia and Northwest coast of North America exist。For example，The decoration of spiral pattern is an important part of the rock paintings of the lower reaches of Heilongjiang，And this decoration also appears on the pottery of Japanese rope pattern culture and the South Pacific Laipita culture，At the same time, it is also found on the ritual mask of New Guinea at the same time。other，Similar to the style of Sikacic -Aliang Rock painting and production technology，That is, the human face on the cliff surface and the separate boulder is on the northwestern coast of North America and the Inner Mongolia in northern China、Ningxia and other places also exists widely。In the book "Mysterious Asian and Americans" in 1979，е. А Okladicova studied the face rock paintings on the northwest coast of America，For its style、Dynasties and related Indian social organizations conducted discussions。In the book "Cosmic Model in the North American Pacific Coastal Rock Painting Image System" published in 1990，The author further uses archeology、Anthropology、Linguistics and folklore materials，interpreted many scenes in the rock paintings along the Siberia and North American Pacific as the symbol of the universe model，Then reveals the similar element，to solve the cultural contact of the two ancient residents of the two mainland。

　　From the beginning of the 21st century to the present

After entering the 21st century，In order to cooperate with the application of Sikacic -Aliangyan painting，The Russian academic community has increased the research intensity of rock painting in the region。In the article "Anthropomorphic Image in the New Stone Art Art Arts" published in 2004，д. Л. Brojiangski corresponds to the non -contour -free face in the area with Baysman culture，Age is 6500-5000 years away from the time。In the article "Human Mandarin in the Amur River: Times Question" published in 2012，и. А Polo Malays Ledova will break the lower reaches of Heilongjiang and the human face in the Urusi River as the late Time of Neolithic，and associate with the local Mareshewo culture (5280-4340 years ago) and Wozinnexor Culture (4300-3700); then，In the article "Continuousness bet365 best casino games of the Traditional Rock Painting Tradition" published in 2018，She further divides the human face of the region of Wozhnshrine Norov Culture into Green Period and Woodel.，Its age is 5300-4350 (Mareshevo Culture)、4300-4000 years ago (Woznetian Norov Culture Green Period)、4100-3700 from this time (Woznetr's Norvka Cultural Worder Period)。What needs to be pointed out is，"The change and continuity of the prehistoric rock paintings published in the east of Westburies in 2021: for the national cultural identity、An archeology and anthropology exploration of belonging and symbolic meaning，The author further placed the rock painting downstream of Heilongjiang under the perspective of the change of the entire ethical archeological culture of the Lost.，Discuss the changes and continuity of prehistoric culture through rock paintings，It has very important academic significance。

For the past 20 years，The research on rock painting in the Far East of Russia is mainly focused on trying to use various scientific methods to record the information of rock painting and the protection of rock painting heritage。Since 2003，Scientists from institutions such as the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been in Sikaqi — Aliang、Xielie Meijo and Kia 3 rock paintings for monitoring and archeological surveys。Observation for many years，People have discovered the strong deposition process of sand and silt，Under the influence of ice drift，Many boulders with rock paintings are shifted or inverted。Some of the early recorded rock painting images have disappeared，But at the same time, some new rock painting images were found。е. Г. Jefflete and а. р р Laskin published in 2014 "The Research on the Amur River and Usuri River Rock Paintings"，Rock painting protection monitoring project carried out in the area，A systematic combing of people in the region's face -made rock paintings，Explained its historical value in the world，and discussed the protection and utilization problems of rock paintings in the area in the background of the application of the region。

　　Rock painting in the Far East of Russia isWitness of Chinese Culture Communication

People in the Far East of Russia are closely related to the relationship between rock paintings and Chinese facial rock paintings，is a testimony of the spread of ancient Chinese culture。In the article "Human Noodles is the mark of ancient bet365 best casino games migration paths" published in 2006，м. А. Jefflete proposed，Human face rock paintings are immigrants in northern China along the Pacific coast and the Angara Valley to reach the witness of the migration path in the Yinse River area。In the subsequent published "Bronze prototype of the Yanshiyan Canyon Sanyan Canyon"，She thinks further，The theme of the rock paintings along the Pacific coast of Asia and America is very similar，Different types of human faces are pointed to a area in northern China -Yinshan and other places in Inner Mongolia。In recent years，Heilongjiang Basin、Human face images similar to similar human face images in the middle reaches of the Agara River and the Yinse River once again turned people's attention to those far away，But there is a traditional rock painting。In the book "Research on the Research on Rock painting in Russia River Basin in Russia" published in 2020，I have comprehensively sorted out the relationship between rock paintings between the above areas，Discussion on the interactive relationship between rock paintings between different regions from the two levels of rock painting images and archeological culture，Then the human face rock painting is since the period of Xinglongwa culture 8000 years ago，Differential stages、From northeast China along different routes to the Russian Far East and Yinse River。In the article "Research on the Age and related Issues of Human Mandarin and related Issues in the Far East of Inner Mongolia and Russia in the Far East of Russia"，Xiao Bo and Wang Junzheng's time to spread to Inner Mongolia rock paintings to Russia Far East、routes and mechanisms have been further discussed。

Overall，Human face in the Far East of Russia and "Ancient Culture in Northeast China and Northeast China、Ancient City、Ancient Country "historical development process related。1985，Su Bingqi put forward the concept of "the concept of" Ancient Culture and Ancient Countries in Western Liaoning Culture "in the" Ancient Culture and Ancient City of West Liaoning Culture and Ancient Culture and Ancient Country in the West of Liaoning Culture -Ancient Topics，Arrived widespread attention in the academic world。Ancient culture refers to the Red Mountain Culture (including Qianhongshan from 7000 years ago to 5000-4000 years ago、Hongshan Qian、Hongshan Hou and Houhongshan Culture); As for the ancient country，Li Boqian explained in Bet365 lotto review the article "The beginning of the Yellow Emperor -Huangdi Culture and the Origin of the Origin of Ancient Chinese Civilization"，It refers to the altar of the Niuhe Liang site of Hongshan Culture from 5500 to 4300 from today、Temple、The stage represented by the mound。From time to time,，Inner Mongolia's Xiliao River and Russia's Far East areas are roughly the same time as the popular time of Hongshan culture; and，The two paintings are the same，Composition similar，Has high consistency。This indicates，Human face in the area is indeed related to the origin of civilization in western Liaoning.，In other words，Rock paintings in the Far East of Russia are a powerful testimony of Chinese culture.。

(This article is the State Social Science Foundation Western Project "Research on the Comparison of Facial Rock Covelings in the West Liao River Basin and Russia Far East" (19xkg003) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: National Research Center of Guangxi University for Nationalities)