Since the birth of economics，How individuals make choices、Decision，Can human decision-making behavior be predicted?，This type of problem has always been at the core of its research。The rational economic man assumption of traditional economics believes that human beings are stable、persistent preference，People can make rational behavioral decisions based on their respective utility functions。But because some of the assumptions used in traditional economic theoretical reasoning are not consistent with reality，And sometimes there are situations that are contrary to individual decision-making behavior in real economic life，Therefore it has been questioned to a certain extent。In recent years，Some economists are beginning to collaborate with neuroscientists，Trying to observe human explicit decision-making behavior through the activity of brain neurons，Reconstructing economics’ explanation of economic behavior。One of the founders of bet365 promo codes、Paul W, Professor of New York University, USA.Gramzy thinks，"Consolidating Economics、Psychology、Neuroscience Comprehensive，Establish a standardized interdisciplinary theoretical system，It can paint a complete picture of human decision-making behavior that is beyond people’s imagination”。

　　A bridge connecting natural bet365 promo codes and social bet365 promo codes

bet365 promo codes was born in the early 21st century，It integrates neuroscience、Psychology、Sociology、Economics and other disciplines，Cross-field research on the physiological mechanisms of human choice decisions，Based on neuroscience，Utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology，Observe neural activity that is generally difficult to observe。This discipline is based on behavioral economics，Continue to challenge the rational economic man assumption of traditional economics，Finding evidence for human real-life behavior from the neurological level，Making economics closer to the natural sciences in predicting individual decisions。Therefore，Some neuroeconomists believe，bet365 promo codes may turn economics into a natural science。

As an interdisciplinary subject，bet365 promo codes essentially explores the neural mechanisms of the brain behind people’s economic decisions，The basic research idea is to make assumptions about the cognitive process of decision makers and the cognitive components involved，And mathematize these components，Constructed into a behavioral model，Then verify the existence of these components from neural activity or find the neural mechanisms related to these cognitive components。It uses functional magnetic resonance imaging and other technical means to directly observe the response of the nervous system when humans make economic behaviors，By measuring the individual’s ability to make risky decisions，Sensitivity and changes of the nucleus accumbens under dopamine regulation，Measuring individual emotional changes，Thus predicting their risk preferences and decision-making behavior。The new contribution of bet365 promo codes is that it abandons the simple models used by traditional economics to explain human behavior，Through new technological means of neuroscience，On the basis of a true understanding of the true way of mental activity in the human brain，Reconstructing economics’ explanation of individual decision-making behavior，Further enhances the ability of economics to predict human decision-making behavior。

　　New individual bet365 promo codes logical analysis framework

Utility is the core of traditional economics，From the perspective of classical economics，Individual decision-making means utility。Therefore，Economists establish utility functions through various models，Measuring the economic decisions made by individuals。bet365 promo codes believes that before an individual makes a choice，The choice neural circuit inside the brain is already representing the expected subjective value of the action，Many brain regions provide signals to the central valuation circuitry within the brain in some specialized form，The brain expresses the concept of "preference" in economics in the form of a clear cardinal expected subjective value。In the brain’s selection circuits，These cardinal expected subjective values ​​exhibit an adjustable Poisson-like randomness，As long as one of the following two situations occurs，Selection decisions will occur: First, the global state of the selection network changes rapidly，So that it effectively selects the option with the highest relative expected subjective value from the current set of options；The second is that the network status has been preset with a threshold relative to the expected subjective value，Once the value of any option exceeds the threshold，Choose and it will happen。

In addition，Neuroscientists have also analyzed the impact of emotions on individual decision-making，Discover the medial prefrontal area of ​​the brain、Activity in areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus increases with people's level of regret。Therefore，bet365 promo codes thinks，Personal emotions can also have a significant impact on whether people can make reasonable decisions。

　　bet365 promo codes are still many controversies and challenges

Although in the past ten years，bet365 promo codes research has made great progress，Making significant contributions to the development of knowledge about human behavioral decision-making，But the doubts and controversies accompanying it have never disappeared。

First, interdisciplinary research is difficult。Some scholars believe that economics、It is almost impossible to merge psychology and neuroscience，Because the discipline differences between them are too big。Even if subject integration can really be achieved，It is also difficult to determine what significance this interdisciplinary integration has to its parent discipline。Doug Bernheim, a professor at Stanford University in the United States, once questioned whether the development of bet365 promo codes can allow people to make more informed decisions、Question for a better life。In addition，bet365 promo codes requires scholars to be at least proficient in neuroscience、The three disciplines of psychology and economics，For ordinary researchers，This is a very difficult job。Therefore，Currently bet365 promo codes is mostly led by neuroscientists，It is difficult for most economists to publish papers on bet365 promo codes in high-level journals。

Second, the reliability of the research method is questionable。Functional magnetic resonance imaging technology is currently one of the most important research methods in the field of bet365 promo codes，However, this research method has been repeatedly questioned。2016，Swedish scientist Anders Lund and his research team published an article in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)，Some basic algorithms involved in functional magnetic resonance imaging can produce false “positive” signals，The activity displayed is the product of software algorithms，Rather than the brain being studied actually being active，This will undoubtedly have a huge impact on the interpretation of neuroimaging results。Also，Functional magnetic resonance imaging equipment is complex、The price of imaging is very high、The study used a small sample，And most of them are laboratory behaviors，It is difficult to subject subjects to experiments under natural conditions，This will also reduce the reliability of the analysis conclusion。

Third, there are technical obstacles。The human brain is a very complex system，current，Humanity’s ability to measure the brain is still insufficient to support bet365 promo codes research，Analyze individual dopamine secretion、Temperature、Brain pressure、There are still many difficulties in brain-related data such as hormone regulation in various cortical parts。For example，Humans can connect thousands of objects，And conduct valuation。But where in the brain is this valuation information stored?？How to “code” in the brain？How is it transmitted to the selection mechanism？Current bet365 promo codes research does not provide accurate answers to these important questions。

Judging from existing research results，bet365 promo codes has not yet brought a revolutionary impact to the theory of economic behavior，And artificially established mathematical models may not be reasonable or real，The corresponding neural mechanism also requires more research evidence and scientific demonstration。But it is undeniable，The conclusions drawn by neuroeconomists challenge the assumptions of traditional economic theory about human behavior，And in many cases gave more powerful and meaningful evidence，Greatly enhances the ability of economics to predict individual behavioral decisions，Achieved a series of research results。Future，I believe that with the development of neuroscience technology and artificial intelligence，bet365 promo codes will develop into one of the important tools for our understanding of human behavior。

(Author’s unit: bet365 promo codes Center for Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Fujian Academy of Social Sciences)