In recent years,bet365 live casino games has become the decisive force pushing mankind into the intelligent era。Major developed countries in the world have deployed bet365 live casino games technology and related industries,Consider promoting its development as enhancing national competitiveness、Major strategy for safeguarding national security,Nearly 20 economies have launched bet365 live casino games development strategic plans,Including the United States’ National bet365 live casino games Research and Development Strategic Plan、Japan’s “bet365 live casino games Technology Strategy”、Germany’s “Federal Government bet365 live casino games Strategic Points” etc.。Compare the similarities and differences of strategic plans in different countries,It may be used to promote the development and improvement of my country’s bet365 live casino games industry,Provide certain reference for precise policy implementation to promote industrial transformation。
Basic pattern of global bet365 live casino games development
Analysis by the China Science and Technology Policy Research Center of Tsinghua University,From the perspective of the development of bet365 live casino games,Currently, the major economies in the world can be basically divided into three echelons,That is, the first echelon of the “two heroes” between China and the United States;In the UK、Japan、Germany、India、France and others are the backbone of the second echelon;To Iran、Brazil、Netherlands、Singapore and others are the third echelon of new forces。First,From the global distribution of bet365 live casino games companies。As of June 2018,There are 4925 bet365 live casino games companies in the world。Among them,The United States and China have 2028 and 1011 respectively,UK、France、Germany、There are 100-400 companies in India,The number of related companies in other countries is less than 50。Secondly,From the perspective of global talent and capital distribution of bet365 live casino games。About 20 bet365 live casino games talents in the world.50,000 people,Concentrated in North America、Europe and parts of Asia,The top five countries are: United States、China、India、Germany、UK。Again,From the global distribution of bet365 live casino games patent applications and paper publications。China and the United States ranked the top two in terms of cumulative patent applications from 2000 to 2017,Approximately 7 respectively.30,000 pieces and 1.80,000 items,But the number of authorized patents in the two countries is 0.650,000 pieces and 0.940,000 items。Looking at 2017 alone,The total number of global bet365 live casino games-related patent applications is nearly 40,000,The top five countries are China、United States、Japan、South Korea and Germany,The total proportion exceeds 80%。Finally,From the perspective of the impact on the future economic pattern。According to the forecast of PricewaterhouseCoopers,Development of bet365 live casino games technology and industry,will be able to drive global economic growth。The economies of China and North America have benefited the most,Africa、Oceania and other regions follow。
Out of emphasis on bet365 live casino games technology and related industries,Countries have also formulated relevant national strategies,These strategic plans have the following three aspects in common。
First,Acquire global leadership in the field of bet365 live casino games as a strategic goal。bet365 live casino games technology and industry development are in the ascendant,Possibilities and uncertainties in various fields make countries complacent、Ambitious,Many countries have unanimously expressed their strategic pursuit of global leadership。In February 2019, U.S. President Trump signed the “Executive Order to Maintain U.S. Leadership in bet365 live casino games”,Emphasis on gaining U.S. R&D advantages in bet365 live casino games and other related fields;Japan also hopes to be in the automotive industry in the future、Gaining global leadership in robotics and other fields;UK、Germany and others have proposed in their strategies to become an bet365 live casino games power and a global standard builder;Russia launched a “large-scale national-level bet365 live casino games project”,Hope to occupy a global leadership position in the field of bet365 live casino games by around 2025。
Second,Make special arrangements for the strategic implementation agency。To ensure the realization of relevant strategic goals,Many countries have specially established bet365 live casino games strategy execution agencies,Reflects the importance attached to the development of this field。The United States establishes a National Security Council on bet365 live casino games outside the science and technology department、The Special Committee on bet365 live casino games serves as the top-level coordinating agency,Four working groups are set up to supervise and promote relevant work;Germany directly uses the federal government、Federal Ministry of Education and Research、Four institutions of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy and the German Academy of Engineering Sciences jointly implement their bet365 live casino games strategy;Japan uses the bet365 live casino games Technology Strategy Conference as a hub to connect the cabinet and industry,Divided into three levels from top to bottom,The Strategic Conference serves as a comprehensive management agency at the national level,Coordinating and Coordinating the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications、Six ministries including the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry jointly promote the research and development and application of bet365 live casino games technology。
Third,Multi-faceted support for the development of bet365 live casino games。The first is to increase investment in the field of bet365 live casino games。Funds are the material guarantee for the development of bet365 live casino games,Countries invest a lot of money in the field of bet365 live casino games。For example, the United States invested US.1 billion as early as 2015,And still continue to invest;France plans to invest 1.5 billion euros by 2022;Germany plans to invest 3 billion euros by 2025;The European Commission expects to invest 1.5 billion euros from 2018 to 2020,By the end of 2020,Total public and private investment in the EU will reach 20 billion euros。The second is to speed up the formulation of bet365 live casino games standards。To reduce obstacles in the development and application of bet365 live casino games technology,Many countries have emphasized the need to establish unified bet365 live casino games technology standards and testing benchmarks。For example, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) issued guidance on how the government develops bet365 live casino games technology and ethical standards in 2019,Provide guidance for the development of future technical standards;The German Institute for Standardization (DIN) also began formulating an bet365 live casino games standardization roadmap in 2019,To summarize the existing norms and standards in the field of bet365 live casino games,Provide a standardized and standardized operational framework for the formulation of relevant industry standards in Germany。Finally, strengthen talent training。Talent is the foundation and foundation for the development of bet365 live casino games,Strengthening national education、On-the-job training、Talent introduction has become an important means for countries to cultivate bet365 live casino games talents。
Differences in bet365 live casino games strategic planning between Europe, the United States and Japan
Due to different views on the basic structure and current situation of the bet365 live casino games industry and its future development,There are also certain differences in the relevant strategic plans proposed by various countries。
一,Differences in strategic layout and key R&D areas。The United States attaches great importance to basic research on bet365 live casino games、Universal Design and Security,Focus on supporting homeland security、Military and National Defense、Medical field;Japan uses social issues as a breakthrough,Proposed "human-centered bet365 live casino games social principles",Focus on solving the country’s problems in elderly care、Difficulties in education and business,Based on bet365 live casino games in production automation、Robot、Smart Manufacturing、Autonomous driving、Applications in medical, health care and other fields;Germany emphasizes bet365 live casino games and "Industry 4.0" system integration,Focus on health care、Ecological Economy、Agriculture、Digital Society、Applications in intelligent transportation and other fields;France、The UK will focus its research and development on supercomputers and their hardware equipment、Identity recognition and other fields。
Second,Differences in policy support。Although the United States、Japan、Economies such as the European Union are already deploying bet365 live casino games,And introduced policies to support the development of bet365 live casino games,But the focus of these policies differs。As shown in multiple relevant documents issued by the United States,Its policy attitude toward bet365 live casino games has shifted from guidance and support to requiring leadership,Not only from public administration、Technology、Law、A comprehensive organizational promotion model has been formed at investment and other levels,Also encouraged to explore blank areas;Japan takes the “Japan Next Generation bet365 live casino games Promotion Strategy” released in 2016 as a starting point,About basic research、Three aspects of applied research and industrialization,Continuously launch relevant policy plans,A relatively complete bet365 live casino games research and development promotion mechanism has been established at the national level;The EU has released policy documents such as the Declaration on Cooperation in bet365 live casino games, the Draft Code of Ethics for Reliable bet365 live casino games, and the Code of Ethics for bet365 live casino games,Focus on the ethical and moral issues brought about by bet365 live casino games。
Third,Differences in development paths。Countries have taken different paths in the development of bet365 live casino games。The United States believes that the focus and breakthrough in developing bet365 live casino games lies in the effective interaction between humans and bet365 live casino games systems,Focus on deployment and development of new algorithms、New technology、Language processing system, etc.,In order to achieve optimal collaboration between bet365 live casino games systems and people。Japan has designated the Institute of Physics and Chemistry and the Institute of Advanced Industrial Technology as bet365 live casino games research bases,The former undertakes basic research,The latter is responsible for applied research。At the beginning of the application of bet365 live casino games,Establish an engineering department to clarify the division of labor between the two,Promote bet365 live casino games research and development through "engineering" measures。Germany believes that the development of bet365 live casino games is the development of "Industry 4.0”,"Industry 4.0” becomes the core link of bet365 live casino games,And manufactured with intelligent network、Intelligent technology systems, etc. as the theme,Funding enterprises and universities、Scientific research institutions conduct cooperative research and development。
(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund project "bet365 live casino games's Multidimensional Impact on Labor Welfare and Its Institutional Arrangements" (19BJL098))
(Author’s unit: Graduate Office of Guangdong University of Finance);School of Economics and Trade, Guangdong University of Finance)
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