As a country spanning Eurasia,Russia has long had an indissoluble bond with the East。18、19th century,With the gradual deepening of exchanges with Bet365 app download,Also influenced by Europe,Russia launched a “Chinese cultural craze”,Chinese porcelain、Arts and other works of art gradually appear in the lives of local people,“Imaginary Bet365 app download” is also circulated in literary and philosophical circles。Description of Bet365 app download,became a method for some of the country’s writers to express their inner aspirations during this period,The image of Bet365 app download they depict is complex and contradictory。In this historical context,Dostoyevsky depicts a real and illusory "Bet365 app download",Bet365 app download’s image became his reflection on Russia’s own situation、A mirror for thinking about one’s inherent identity。
Various factors bring about utopian writing
1840s,At the beginning of his creative career,Dostoevsky viewed Bet365 app download as somewhat exotic、A fairy tale world。This imagination is reflected in his novel "White Night","In these corners,Dear Nastenka,It seems like a completely different world,The life there is different from the boiling life here,It may only exist in that far away place、The unknown kingdom..." 1861,He wrote in the introduction to "Russian Literature",“Bet365 app download and Japan are too far away from Europe in the first place,The second is that it’s almost hard to get there sometimes”。Visible,In the writing of Dostoevsky,Bet365 app download is distant and mysterious,Like a country that only exists in fantasy,It is so far away,Even beyond the scope of Russian knowledge at that time。
The great distance did not prevent Dostoevsky from paying attention to Bet365 app download and thinking about related issues。Influenced by "Chinese style",He wrote the Chinese utensils that were popular in the Russian upper class at that time into his literary works。As in "Insulted and Damaged",He wrote: "Serve such distinguished guests,You have to find it even if you dig it underground;Even if I go to Bet365 app download, I have to invite you.” Masloboyev sat there,Wearing a pair of very beautiful Chinese cloth shoes,Wearing expensive robes and brand new、Very elegant underwear。”“He also nailed me collar buttons and cufflinks,Put on Chinese cloth shoes、Chinese robe,Forcibly combed my hair again,Applied hair wax。”From Porcelain、Clothing to furniture,Chinese elements appear many times in Dostoevsky’s literary works,It adds an exotic atmosphere to the work and also reflects the writer’s view of Bet365 app download: distant、Mysterious、The kingdom of abundance。
Dostoevsky also often starts from the perspective of Europe,Thinking and building Bet365 app download’s image,As he wrote in his letter: "Both nobles are heads of families,They have different opinions in all aspects,Just like Europe is so different from Bet365 app download" "Even if we are the same as that Bet365 app download,It’s just that we don’t have that kind of order。What we just started doing,In Bet365 app download it has been completed。”Overall,Far distance from Europe、“Chinese style” prevails、Under the influence of many factors such as the construction process of the ideal country image,Dostoyevsky during this period imagined Bet365 app download as a utopian ideal country,He governs the country with Confucianism、Improving national system、The monarch is enlightened,No need for a social system like Europe、Freedom and ideological enlightenment。Through writing about Bet365 app download,And borrow the imaginary image of a country with perfect institutions,He expressed his anxiety about the current situation in Russia and his ardent expectations for the future。
Reflects the author’s thinking on the reality of Russia
The second half of the 19th century,Bet365 app download’s door is forced to open,The decadence of the Qing government was fully exposed during the Opium War,The idealized image of Bet365 app download encounters real challenges。Russian intellectuals began to use calmness、Looking at Bet365 app download with a critical eye。1873-1874,Dostoevsky during his tenure as editor of "Citizen",Created a literary column,The "Writer's Diary" was published as an independent monthly magazine in 1876。Every time you plan a publishing project as a initiator or leader,He always strives to express his core ideas,It also contains views on Bet365 app download。Obviously,For him,Construction of Bet365 app download’s image,Not just artistic techniques,It is an expression of ideas。
Some scholars believe,In the first published "Writer's Diary",Dostoyevsky used the image description of Bet365 app download under the Qing government to criticize the reality in Russia at that time。“Understandable,Only silence is the true Chineseness,These gentlemen say,They are progressive。God,If this is progress,What does Chineseness mean?”The Bet365 app download he described at this time is rigid and conservative,But he also idealized that,Due to the strong inherent system,Bet365 app download’s state and social institutions are stable,A rigid system can even provide some protection。
Dostoevsky’s description of Bet365 app download,Related to the social background of Russia at that time and his own political opinions。Russian scholars have had many discussions about where their country should go in the future,From the 1840s,Gradually formed two views: Western European and Slavic views。Western Europeans believe that Russia should follow the path of Western Europe,Western Europe is a developed country,Eastern countries only rely on rigid habits to survive;Slavophiles insist on the uniqueness of the country’s culture,Believe that Russia should follow its own path。Dostoevsky’s point of view is different from the previous two,He is a representative of the fundamentalists,On the one hand, they criticize the Slavs for being too conservative,Out of touch with Russian reality;On the other hand, we firmly oppose the idea of Westernization that breaks away from Russian cultural traditions,Believe that total westernization will erode Russia’s foundation and culture,Russia should take the “third way”。Through the imaginary "Bet365 app download",He called on Russia to maintain its uniqueness,Don’t go to extreme westernization。“Bet365 app download” became Dostoevsky’s criticism of Slavonic and Western European schools、A weapon to promote the views of fundamentalists,The purpose is to use the image of modern Bet365 app download to break the long-standing binary oppositional thinking pattern between East and West,Let Russia gain its own development space。
The image of modern Bet365 app download constructed by Dostoevsky is a combination of ideal and reality,The ideal "Bet365 app download" is the mirror he uses to reflect on Russia's reality,Realistic "Bet365 app download" is the means he uses to think about Russian cultural identity。The "Chinese Image" and "Chinese Theme" system created by Dostoevsky,Plays an important role in its literary narrative structure,Has certain ideological and literary value。A comprehensive and detailed analysis of Dostoevsky’s image of modern Bet365 app download,Can help us deepen the research on his creative ideas。
(Author’s unit: Russian Language, Literature and Culture Research Center of Heilongjiang University;Translation Research Center of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies、College of Western Languages and Culture)
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