Traditional bet365 Play online games is a treasure of traditional Chinese culture,Promoting the external dissemination of traditional bet365 Play online games is an important issue for Chinese culture to “go global”。TCM terminology is the main carrier of TCM culture。For the purpose of cultural communication,Accurate bet365 Play online games terminology、Appropriate translation,That is, the conceptual source of cultivating terminology translation、Knowledge dissemination and discourse construction awareness,Is an effective way to realize the “going out” of bet365 Play online games culture。
Clarify the origin of bet365 Play online games terms
Traditional bet365 Play online games terms come from the vast number of bet365 Play online games classics,Formed in thousands of years of history。Therefore,Terms different from emerging scientific fields,TCM terminology has strong diachronic characteristics。From a linguistic perspective,The form of traditional bet365 Play online games terminology is simple,Words are often monosyllabic,Concise and to the point。From a conceptual level,The meaning of terms often changes with the times、Continuous development,Many bet365 Play online games terms are diachronically ambiguous,Reflected in the difference between the original meaning and the current meaning,Even quite different。
The diachronic characteristics of traditional bet365 Play online games terminology bring double challenges to cross-cultural translation,In addition to considering the differences in the synchronic dimension of Chinese and English bilingualism,We must also take into account the evolution of term concepts in the diachronic dimension,The latter is the prerequisite for accurately understanding and translating Chinese medical terms。If the translator ignores the ancient and modern dimensions of terminology translation,Use today’s thinking to understand the terminology of traditional bet365 Play online games in the historical context,Will lead to deviation of meaning。
Yi Wu Liansheng、Wu Qi’s translation of Huangdi Neijing as an example。This translation won the highest honor gold medal at the Third World Congress of Traditional bet365 Play online games,Enjoy high reputation at home and abroad,But understanding of some terms,There is still a suspicion of "explicit meaning"。Such as "born in the lungs" in "Suwen·Generation of the Five Internal Organs",Like wrapping red with silk”,The color connotation of “red” has undergone major changes,originally refers to pink,Now generally refers to red。Wu translation translated as red,Clearly not placing the term in its historical context to examine its true meaning。Another example is "Different appetites and desires" in "Suwen·Liujie Zangxiang Lun",Everyone knows something”,The word "lust" has a very different meaning than today,The nature of all things is different,The objective demand for natural materials is different,It does not refer to people’s preferences and desires。Wu translation translated as desire and addiction,Also biased。
This kind of situation is not an exception in the English translation of Chinese medical terms,This directly affects the quality of the external communication of traditional bet365 Play online games。The reason is that the translator lacks awareness of the source of the concept,That is, the translation of Chinese medical terms must go back to history,Clarify the origin of term concepts and evolution of meaning,And depending on the historical context of the term,Choose the appropriate meaning to explain。For example, "Guange" first appeared in "Nei Jing",Originally refers to the critical period when the internal and external yin and yang of the internal organs are both strong,Deduction by later generations of doctors,Gradually transformed into Shangyouvoni、See below the critical signs of blocked urination。Li Zhaoguo's translation of "Nei Jing" transliterated it as Guange,And the endnote explains in detail the yin and yang mechanism that led to the crisis;In the modern context, the "Chinese-English International Standard for Basic Terminology of Traditional bet365 Play online games" is translated as anuria and vomiting,Symptoms that highlight this crisis。Both translation methods take into account the diachronic dimension of terminology translation,It is a manifestation of awareness of the source of concepts。
Emphasis on foreignization bet365 Play online games strategy
Terminology translation involves the conversion of terms between two different language systems and knowledge systems,It is not easy to achieve perfect equivalence。TCM terminology occurs in traditional Chinese culture and philosophy,Its “integration of medical history, literature and philosophy” is extremely outstanding,Therefore it is rare to find a term that completely corresponds to it conceptually in English,This brings great difficulties to the external translation and dissemination of traditional bet365 Play online games。To bridge the gap in cross-cultural communication,Domestic and foreign scholars have published articles discussing the strategic selection of English translation of Chinese medical terminology,It adopts the target language-oriented "domestication" strategy,Still a source language-oriented “foreignization” strategy。
From the perspective of knowledge dissemination,The “naturalization” strategy should be avoided as much as possible。Terms are units of knowledge,Translating Chinese medical terms is to faithfully convey medical information,Display the culture contained in the term as completely as possible、Philosophy and other information。However,“Domestication” translation emphasizes that the translated terms should conform to the language and cultural norms of the target language,At the expense of the medical connotation and cultural characteristics of the source term,In exchange for quick understanding and acceptance by target language readers。Under the guidance of the "naturalization" strategy,The translator is keen to find corresponding terms from the Western medicine system,"Ezekiel",This often leads to deviations in meaning。For example, Chinese and Western medicine have completely different understandings of the human body’s internal organs,The heart of Western medicine focuses on anatomical concepts,The "heart" in bet365 Play online games is more of a functional concept,Translate "心" into heart,Cannot convey concepts with traditional bet365 Play online games characteristics such as "the heart governs the gods"。“Foreignization” translation emphasizes retaining the exotic flavor of the source language,Faithfully reflects the concept of traditional bet365 Play online games,is the preferred strategy for English translation of Chinese medical terms。With Wei Naijie、The "alienation" scholars represented by Wen Shude are opposed to the direct use of Western medicine vocabulary,And in a lot of translation practice,Summary of many practical methods,For example, Wei Naijie’s own “Wei’s Literal Translation Method”。This translation method first stipulates the English equivalents of commonly used Chinese characters in traditional bet365 Play online games terminology,Use the specified corresponding words to make corresponding substitutions when translating,Thus producing the English term for counterfeit,For example, "风火眼" is translated word for word as wind-fire eye,Instead of acute conjunctivitis of Western medicine。This literal translation method more faithfully presents the original appearance of traditional bet365 Play online games,for system、Independently translating bet365 Play online games terms provides ideas。The "Practical English Dictionary of Traditional bet365 Play online games" compiled by Wei Naijie using this translation method has been published both at home and abroad,Wide influence。This also proves that the English terms of bet365 Play online games translated under the guidance of the "foreignization" strategy can be accepted and recognized by overseas readers。
In summary,The "foreignized" translation of bet365 Play online games terms is an effective way to spread bet365 Play online games culture。Specifically,The translator needs to have a thorough understanding of the meaning of the terms,Boldly use literal translation、"Foreignization" translation methods such as transliteration,With appropriate comments to help readers understand,Preserve the medical and cultural connotations of the term,Also considers the receptive ability of target language readers。
Building a unified international bet365 Play online games standard
Traditional bet365 Play online games is an important part of Chinese culture,Enhancing the external translation and dissemination of traditional bet365 Play online games is to enhance cultural confidence,The significance of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。
Therefore,It is necessary to formulate a more unified international terminology standard in the external translation of Chinese medical terminology。TCM terminology is highly contextual and interpretive,Therefore, different translators may have different emphasis on understanding the same term,As a result, a term often has multiple popular translations。This not only hinders the international exchange of traditional bet365 Play online games,It is also easy for other countries to question the scientific nature of traditional bet365 Play online games。Currently,After nearly half a century of efforts by scholars from all sides,Many standards with international influence have been released,However, there is still the problem of inconsistent translations among various standards,And the terms covered by the standard only account for a small part of the total,The rich terminology recorded in ancient bet365 Play online games books has not yet been fully explored、Translation and Standardization。
In addition to the formulation of international standards for traditional bet365 Play online games terminology,In other forms of terminological translation practice,You also need to have a sense of discourse construction。One,The "foreignization" strategy should be adopted when translating Chinese medical terminology。“Foreignization” translation can not only faithfully convey the medical and cultural information of traditional bet365 Play online games terminology,It can also resist the transformation of traditional bet365 Play online games by Western values,Building an independent discourse system of traditional bet365 Play online games。Part 2,When disseminating bet365 Play online games terminology to the outside world,To put a "China" label on it,Make sure the bet365 Play online games practitioner’s surname is “中”。Traditional bet365 Play online games has a history of thousands of years,I also nurtured Japan、Traditional medicine in Korea and other countries。In today’s fierce international competition,日、South Korea and other countries are eyeing bet365 Play online games,Find ways to eliminate China’s sovereignty over traditional bet365 Play online games。To this,We need to take appropriate measures,If you cannot abandon Chinese at will,Translate "TCM" into Traditional Medicine,It is also best to use Chinese characters plus pinyin to annotate the English terms of traditional bet365 Play online games。Part 3,Cultivation of standardization awareness of terminology translation。When translating bet365 Play online games terms,If a suitable standardized translation is available,Should be adopted,No new translations can be created at will。Anyway,Whether it is an individual or a collective translator,Everyone should embody the awareness of discourse construction in daily terminology translation practice。
In summary,The English translation of traditional bet365 Play online games terms should be based on grasping the concept of terms,Using the "alienation" strategy as a means,Towards constructing the discourse of traditional bet365 Play online games,In order to effectively promote the external dissemination of traditional bet365 Play online games culture。
(This article is a survey of general medical books in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" Traditional bet365 Play online games Science and Technology Innovation Special Plan "bet365 Play online games Collection"、Copying and content summary compilation” (KJS-ZHYC-2020-010) phased results)
(Author’s unit: Graduate School of Liaoning University of Traditional bet365 Play online games;College of Traditional bet365 Play online games, Liaoning University of Traditional bet365 Play online games)
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