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Study on the language use and performance of the second language learner in different language skills，is the core topic of the study of the two -character acquisition。but，At present, the study of two -character acquisition is missing in the following aspects。First，At present, there are many cases in intermediary research.，Examine the development of specific language projects，It is difficult to have a comprehensive explanation and analysis，The language items that can enter the scope of researchers are mostly errors shown by learners，That is, a special sentence formula that is high or not in line with the rules of general sentences。Next，In the past studies，The emphasis on the errors of learners is much higher than the correct use of language forms，However, the correct use of the learner's language is also part of the intermediary system。again，In terms of language comparison，More focused on the similarities and differences between Chinese and learners' mother tongues，There is still insufficient attention to the comparison of Chinese and intermediary words，Ignoring the learners' avoidance and excessive use of language projects。Last，Traditional sequential sequence research results are generally used to Bet365 app download comply with textbooks or language knowledge points in the outline，But researchers often inspect on a single language project，No systematic observation of the overall acquisition of learners' vocabulary and grammar projects。Current，Chinese fever continues to heat up overseas，Many countries have listed Chinese as an educational subject in primary and secondary schools，Chinese learning research is of great significance for writing Chinese teaching and textbooks。So，Use other research methods to observe the intermediary of learners，Finding the characteristics of the second language acquisition and development is the top priority。

　　Follow key features

A series of empirical studies made by the second -language learning scholar's corpus in Britain is worthy of our attention。They try to use the corpus to build a set of key English features that can distinguish between the six levels of "European Language Reference Framework"，And analyzes learners with different mother tongue backgrounds at each level of language performance and interactive relationship with these key features。The so -called "key features"，It is said that this feature will have different performances with different language skills with users，Therefore, this characteristic can be used as the basis for examining learners' different languages。The basic practice of this research is to send a large number of collected vocabulary frequency messages、Structural feature message and error message，Define the key features bet365 best casino games of different ability levels。

The scholar uses the learner corpus "Cambridge Learner Corpus， CLC) and the mother tongue corpus "British National Corpus，BNC) Research。CLC contains about 40 million words，Corgers Source is the exam organized by the Cambridge Examination Center (such as business English certification、IELTS, etc.) Writing text。More than 160,000 candidates，English learners from different native tongues from different countries。This corpus will anonymous candidates，But keep its background information (such as gender、First language、age, etc.)。CLC is a continuous expansion of the corpus，Craid can correspond to the six levels of the "European Language Common Reference Framework"。

This research is found through vocabulary frequency information，The preliminary learner has bet365 live casino games excessive use of high -frequency verbs，It has also verified the complexity and frequency of use will become reverse development，That is, the "simple language component of the structure in the theory is easier、Earlier acquisition; if the structure is complicated, the opposite "。The research results also show，Learner's mother tongue has the role of easy to learn English crowns with no crown system，This result verifies the principles of mother tongue migration in the theory -the closer the language component of L1 and L2, the earlier。Study on key characteristics of English，There are also scholars in our country using key feature research methods to find the key features of multiple Chinese learners，For example, excessive use of high -frequency verbs is the key feature of distinguished junior learners，Teachers have a tendency to excessively use high -frequency agency synonyms at the beginning，and the use of Chinese learner sentences, etc.。

In addition，British two -language Xibu research scholars define four key features from the perspective of corpus linguistics and computer linguistics，respectively: the language features that have been learned、Language features in development、L2 uses the usage of distribution like L1、L2 in the form of distributed like development or non -L1 usage。It can be seen from these four types of characteristics，The key features of the learner should not only care about the grammar form that the learner has learned and used correctly，Also observe the excessive language phenomenon presented by the learner at the learning stage，Find out what is a systemic misuse or a language form in development。Find out these features，Methods that need to be used have a formal correct rate、calculation of error rate、Calculation of similarity with L1。So，Using key feature research methods can see many language forms or features. With the improvement of learners' language skills, it is stable to use，or the trend of gradually consistent with the distribution of L1，The function of the key features shows that in addition to distinguishing learners with different abilities，You can also see the trajectory of the language ability of the learner (L2) to the mother tongue (L1) gradually approaching。

　　Draw the intermediary development image of the learner

The key feature research method is to compare the learner's intermediary language with the purpose language，Use error analysis、Comparison analysis of intermediary language，Make comprehensive data statistics of the learner's second language performance，and analyze the use of learners' usage of specific language projects (significantly useful and significant and multi -purpose)、The high and low error rate，Observe the use of the second language items of learners in the degree，Find the key features of the second language learner。

In the process of looking for key features，We can observe the development and use of learners at the same time，Then depict the development image of the learner's intermediary language。

　　Verify the influence of the mother tongue of learners on the acquisition of the second language

We all know that the mother tongue background of the learner will affect its second language，But how does it affect，What parts have influences，How to determine the effect caused by the different mother tongue background，These have to continue to discuss。Use key feature research methods，You can analyze learners' corpus and distinguish between learning of mother tongue background by analyzing the mother tongue background，Find the general key features and key features of the learners from the two data，Comparison with two features，It can be seen from this that learners with different mother tongue backgrounds are the same and different when learning the second language。According to Jamesky's point of view，bet365 Play online games The "principle" in the general grammar is constant，Suitable for all languages。On the contrary，"Parameters" is composed of limited values，Different parameter settings form a difference between language。So，We can also use the biased bias of learning Chinese with different mother tongue backgrounds，Find the inner outline and parameters of human language，Provide another idea for the study of universal grammar。

other，The existing outline of Chinese language teaching and textbooks is uniformly processed for language projects、One treaty，Do not mark the difficulty，This is feasible，But lack of targeted，Apply to teaching practice，Lack of efficiency。Find the key characteristics of the learner's Chinese language，Not only helps to understand the development trajectory of the intermediary of learners，You can also see the key and difficult points of the learner's acquisition。Another，learners who compare different mother tongue backgrounds Chinese intermediary，Can see the influence of learners' mother tongue on Chinese language，Can know what language items are more clearly difficult，What language items are difficult to say，Can be written for textbooks、outline formulation、Classroom teaching provides effective and targeted suggestions，Support for the development of overseas Chinese teaching。

　　(Author Unit: School of Literature, Renmin University of China)