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In the influence of Western studies，It is an important content of traditional Chinese academic modern transformation，It is also an important perspective for today's people to investigate the problems of modern Chinese history and thinking about cultural self -confidence。

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The use of Jingshi is a basic spirit and important tradition of traditional Chinese Confucianism。Jiadao to drop，Society in the Qing Dynasty、Political Crisis four，The study of the world has begun to be advocated by scholars。Although the banner of the "Sutra to the World" first is often considered to be the current ramist such as Wei Yuan and Gong Zizhen，But actually，Other academic groups in the classics have scholars who advocate the use of the world，Among them, it also includes sinologists。Sinologist Zhang Jingshi used，On the one hand, because of their sober understanding of their own school disadvantages，Ru Li Xue has become the focus of the attention of Chinese scholars in the late Qing Dynasty，It is because the etiquette has the function of the world，is the best combination of sinology and Song Xue; on the other hand, it is also a reaction that sinologists have introduced in Western studies again。

In fact，As historical innovation said，At least before the Sino -Japanese War，Sinology as a mainstream school of science，"Still exist in a strong state，A large -scale academic group，Academic achievements are not inferior to Qianjia scholars "。At this time，Sinology faces the "change"，I have begun to exchange with Western Studies under bet365 live casino games the banner used by Western Xue，constantly setting off a wave of thought that affects the great changes in Chinese society。

　　Western Practical Studies: Western learning helps to push Chinese learning style transformation

Passing of the West School of the Late Qing Dynasty，Make Sinology's style began to change。Some Sinologists pay attention to the use of the world to use，Can be used in the Han and Song dynasties，Become the backbone of the rise of pragmatism。Western Practical Studies are the thoughts advocated by Zeng Guofan such as Zeng Guofan and other Westernization thinkers in the face of Western learning.。It learns Western technology，Create foreign affairs as a feature。"Speaking of the Scriptures，3022_3051。He proposed in the "Speaking of the Poverty"，"Fa is not good，Although Gu Xianju is reprimanded; Fa Gou Shan，Although it's pretty of my teacher "。Feng Guifen puts the "ancient method" and "barbaric method" and discuss，Taking the "practical" standard of "good" as the scale，To determine the attitude towards "law": "reprimand" or "teacher"。One aspect，Just as Zhang Qizhi and Chen Guoqing pointed out，This approach can be regarded as an innovation of moral concepts (after all，"Barbaria" can be "teacher"); on the other hand，This is another reaction to the ancient scholarship of Sinology，It is an innovation of an outlook on school。Because if the method of "Gu Xian" is "not good"，Also "reprimand"。Sinologist Feng Guifen's "foreign weapon"、Introduction to "Western Technology" and "Caixi Xue" and other claims，The core content of becoming a pragmatic thought。

Zong Songxue's Zeng Guofan (1811-1872) provided a broad space for Sinologists to study Western Studies in the Westernization Movement。As Liang Qichao Bet365 lotto review pointed out，"Zeng Guofan set up Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau in Shanghai，Puzhuai Taixi Science Book，Its scientific name is mostly from Shanlan、蘅 Fang Hand，The so -called ‘Western Studies’ person is getting happy ”。Sinologist Li Shanlan (1810-1882) was taught from Chen Yan in his early years，"Although they are involved in the seal of the training，It's good that it is not as good as learning to be attentive "。Xianfeng Early Year，He goes to Shanghai with British missionary Weilie Yali、Aisu、Wei Lianchen and others translated a large number of western scientific books。Volumes of "Talking Sky"，Li Shanlan wrote: "To learn, we must do everything to get rid of the deficiency of their habits，and seeking the new truthful facts，Everything is true to understand the truth。"This academic attitude is obviously different from the pure text research on the traditional Chinese science group"。Li Shanlan and other foreign affairs ideology use the latest facts as evidence，Understand the world with scientific truth，This is undoubtedly the old paper for Sinology、"Training according to the Scriptures" Family Law，Preliminary scientific spirit，It is an important manifestation of the change of the transformation of the learning style of the Western Xue。

　　Bi Xixue: The common road of Sinology and Anti -Han Xue camps

The Sino -Japanese War is destined to be the focus of attention in Chinese history。The heavenly dynasty, who has always been arrogant, lost in the unknown "Little Kingdom"。When people's reflection spearheads, in addition to pointing to foreign affairs and politics，It also points to traditional Chinese academic。"The Jine of the Bingjia held by outsiders，Science benefits，This non -research history test seal can also be。Bet365 lotto review "This accumulation inherent in Sinology，​​Pushing yourself to the challenging situation。In the strong voices of the rescue map，Kangliang Xinxue Falling the ground，Directly threatened Sinology。Wang Xianqian、Ye Dehui、Zhang Zhidong、Sun Ying Rang Royal and other Sinologists go to the front desk of history，and Kang Youwei、Liang Qichao and others started a fierce battle for political and academic mixed，Bi Xixue becomes the common road to the two camps。

Sinologists advocate learning Western learning，Even integrates Chinese and Western，Come to maintain traditional sinology。Wang Xianqian treats Western Xue very openly: translation、Industry and Commerce、Craft、"Sound optical electricity and all manufacturing minerals" should be "speaking"，Even if the state advocates、Director Trial、Gentleman's echo is not too much。Sun Yingan as "Zhou Lizheng Essentials"，Take Zhou Li as the outline，Western Fa as the purpose，West -western system ratio，strive to dig out the "same" of the "Zhou Li" and the civilization of the Western system，Try to set up a communication bridge between the Western Xue and Confucian Scriptures，"Zhou Li" can be painted with the "fresh glory" of the source of civilization and prosperity。Chinese scholars advocate learning to learn Western，On the one hand, it is better than Yoshiki，Try to make the Scripture Book of Sinology reveal the modern meaning，in order to survive the world。

but but，Sinologists Learning and Research West Studies are principled and standardized。They will never tolerate Kang Liang Xinxue as casually、Any Mixing Chinese and Western Learning。Ye Dehui pointed out: "，Most of them attack their civil rights、Equality、Reconciliation bet365 best casino games ear，I think Kang、Liang Zhimu，Especially in comparative、Tongjiao said。"Zhang Zhidong thinks，Facing the strong input of Western Xue，If you want to keep the Sinology position，No response to Western Xue is naturally impossible，But forcibly grafting ram school and Western school like Kang Liang，It is tantamount to digging the grave。Under the influence of Western learning，"For the Enemy" of Sinology，or suspect that the classics governed by Han Confucianism，Or the power of the referee Confucianism to West Xue，completely destroy the sacredness of the classic Sinology。This，The core of the Chinese Fortress -Facing the danger of being attacked by the scientific position。

　　The rise of Chinese and new history: Western Xue helps Sinology "Nirvana Rebirth"

Modern New Studies with the use of the world，"Europeanization" tends to flood，Deepen the national crisis at the academic and cultural level，The trend of ideology of Chinese learning is rising。Good at "Language Text、Code System "Sinology，It is an important part of Chinese studies。Due to the influence of Western learning，Sinology in the trend of Chinese studies，It is already different from the traditional Qianjiahan learning。From the perspective of the content of research and treatment，Sinology has shifted from focusing on the governance of the classics to the history of the governance, and the scholars and Western studies，Learning style also shifted from test -based to the research and requesting the realization。From the perspective of academic methods，Sinology has gathered basic methods of academic circles (research、Yili and Western studies) in one。Some Sinologists absorb、Borrowing the knowledge of Western learning、Theoretical and methods to conduct bet365 Play online games academic research。From the perspective of academic status，Sinology orthodox status is not guaranteed。The Confucian classic that was once worshiped in the altar became an objective study、Compared with the objects of reviewing and even criticism，Lost status of science and learning。"May 4th" later，Scriptures into ancient historical information，End of the classification。In this sense，"New Hanshi" as one of the components of Chinese studies，It is precisely becoming a strange singing of traditional sinology。

Sinology Yu Yun is reflected in the field of Chinese studies，It can also be continued in new history。The appearance of this situation is inseparable from Western learning: on the one hand，Zhang Taiyan、Liu Shipei's comprehensive mining method of Chinese and Western governance，Fuxing Zhuzi，Critical Study，Turn the Confucian scriptures into one of the materials to investigate ancient history。Fu Sinian、Chen Yinque and others can quickly change the role with their deep historical materials，Scholars of historians in new history。On the other hand，The Chinese academic community in the 20th century introduced the entire scientific system from the West，Scientific rigorous academic style is inherited by the giant in the historian (such as Wang Guowei、Chen Yuan, etc.)。As Wang Xuedian pointed out，With rich historical materials and rigorous empirical spirit，History soon becomes the most developed social science discipline in modern China。This is here，Sinology, which once used the "learning valve" in the Qing Dynasty, realized "Nirvana Rebirth"，For Fuxing China Academic、Rebuilding the Chinese academic discourse system and enhancing the self -confidence of the Chinese nation's culture has made bet365 live casino games important historical contributions。

　　(This article is the Special Task Project of Humanities and Social Science Research on the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education.

(Author Unit: Marxist College of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology)