The academic community is generally considered，Modern Language Type Study officially started in Joseph Greenberg in 1963- "Some Major Syntheums Commonly related to language sequences"，Later language types have received continuous attention in the western linguistics industry，and get in -depth and extensive development。In our country，Types research on Chinese -language time and duration has accumulated certain results and foundations，At the same time, the study of the language of ethnic minorities is also gradually expanding。I think，Future Manchu research also needs to pay attention to its development potential in language type，This is no matter the Manchu research itself，Study on language type learning，All have high value。

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Types have been studied since the study of Greenberg，Its core is locked in the exploration of language commonality，This implies that the study of language types requires in -depth exploration of individual languages，It is also necessary to reveal the universal principle behind it。

Language Type Study Development Today，Internationalization is getting higher and higher。Relevant scholars when conducting cross -language research and cooperation，It should not be stopped at observation of the similarity of language surface forms，should further deepen the essence behind the phenomenon。The more representative series of books in this field is the "Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic bet365 best casino games theory"。INDEFINITE Pronouns ("Non -Ding Dai") and Leon Stassen's Intransten Predication from 1997，Published Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald's Serial Verbs ("Company Verbs") in 2018，More than 18 kinds of published。where，Intransitive Predication as one of the earliest published books，The scope of its research covers more than 400 languages。Published in 2010 The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology showed a wide range of language studies，At the same time, it also shows the fruitful results of language type studies in the world so far。

The development of language types in Asia is also increasing，Japanese scholar Matsumoto Matsumoto's "World Words へ の へ ― の の 歴 歴 学 学 と と と と" ("World Language Perspective -History Linguistics and Language Types") has attracted much attention from the academic circles; Korean scholar Song Zaijing Famous language sequence type scholars active in the field of Western language type，Actively incorporate Korean into its research scope，profoundly affects the development of domestic language type studies in Korea;，Liu Danqing's theory of "Sequence Types and Preparation Theory"、"What is Language Types" by Jin Lixin，and "Language Type Tutorial" co -authored by Jin Lixin and Lu Bingfu，All are representative works。

　　The key point of the Manchu language research focuses on the one

Theoretically speaking，All natural languages ​​can become objects of language type studies，Manchu language is no exception。In fact，Manchu as a history of language type studies，It may be longer than many people。Although the author does not make a subtle statistics，But in the book book mentioned above，Manchu language is one of the language of more than 400 species as one of the objects bet365 Play online games of the subject。But the regrettable is，The book's information about Manchu is cited from the MANDSCHU-Grammatik Mit LeSestücken UND 23 TextTafeln published by Erich Haenisch in 1961，Judging from the type of full language of Stassen，Among them, there are some problems。

Chen Chen's degree thesis in 2013 Conditional Constructions in the Manchu Language: A Study from the Perspectives of Semantics, Morphosyntax, Pragmatics and Typology ("Conditional sentence structure in Manchu: From semantics，Word method，Starting perspective of consolidation and type ")), while using Manchu as the main research object，Extend the perspective to Japanese、Enovi、Ewenki、Negida、Mongolian、Uyghur and other Gan Alta language language，and discussed these language perspectives。

Domestic scholar Li Bing conducted long -term research on Altaic, especially the Tonggus people from the perspective of phonology，For example, the "Types of Harmony of Voice" published in 2001 discussed the vowel harmonious type learning issues containing many languages ​​including Manchu。Jia Yue also published in 2018 the article "On Manchu Parallel Structure of the Type Study Framework"，Discussion on related issues。

Although the author’s investigation is not comprehensive，But you can still see Manchu research under language type learning perspectives that have been gradually developed。But overall，Type studies related to Manchu at home and abroad are difficult to say that it has made great development。Current，The focus of research is still one，There are still many aspects to be improved。

　　Last research can become a focus

If the works of William Croft and Liu Danqing are repeatedly emphasized，bet365 live casino games Although the type of science also pays attention to the formal similarities between the common time language，But most scholars have more focused on observation of language durability。This is because of the mechanism of language evolution and the principle of language universality.。

So，In the process of studying Manchu in combination with language type，It is necessary to keep strengthening the time of the Manchu language。The duration of the Manchu language can be viewed from the two levels of the language clan and the language system: on the one hand，Since Lan Sima，The overall research on the Altai language department has never stopped; on the other hand，From Johannes Benzing in 1956 published Die Tunguschen Sprachen: Versuch Einer Vergleichenden Grammatik (Trial of Tonggus: Trial of Grammar Comparison ")，The overall study of the Tonggus language has also passed for half a century。

More，Details of Manchu Labois does not lack information and research foundation。For example，The oral nature of the Qing Dynasty Manhan pairing a large number of translations to this day，Modern Xibabi and Manchu have a close relationship in a long time，Domestic has also conducted a solid study of modern Manchu dialects in Heilongjiang area。These materials or research results provide necessary help for the short -term Manchu Labby Research Association。

but，The language family that has always been、Lack research between language systems often focuses on combining traditional historical comparative linguistics methods，and this focus on the focus of language type。In the Manchu -Tonggus language research，Studies that combine traditional historical comparative linguistics methods mostly focus on bet365 Play online games the duration of its vocabulary，and the structure of the ancestral phonetic system。Of course，This is also a language type that cannot be ignored。but but，Comparison of comparison，Language Type Study more attention to the changes in language duration。For example, the change in the relationship between the language in the duration of the language，Changes in the sequence type of language，The grammatical methods and processes in each grammar category，etc.。other，Compared with the duration of vocabulary，Language Types often pay more attention to the duration of the syntax marking of language。

For example，Intransitive Predication The book revolves around the systematic evolution of language less than predicate。Lost of Manchuria's expression does not seem to be roughly as other languages，But when the adjective of Manchu is a predicate，The time-body expression of the predicate needs to be implemented with the help of the auxiliary verb "O-"。So how does this phenomenon happen，What type of principles do you contain behind it? This should be the focus of the attention of language type。

Focus on the focus of all grammar research fields，It can also be the focus of the Manchu Man -Tonggus language research types。For example (tense)、body (aspect)、Modality (Modality)、Mood (Mood) and other functional categories development，On the implementation of the character of the Yuan Dynasty、DEFINITENESS and Reference (Reference)、By ranked type, etc.，

Looking forward to Language Type Perspective Full of Manchu Research

Development of Chinese Language Type Study，On the one hand, we must actively learn from Western research traditions and achievements，On the other hand, it also needs to bet365 Play online games give full discaptation of the advantages of its own research resources and talent reserves。my country has a large number of languages ​​including Chinese，These languages ​​present a very colorful appearance in the type，Many of the languages ​​have rich historical written literature。other，The coexistence of a variety of linguistic languages ​​in the same language or even the same language also brings a lot of convenience to duration research。In this background，Manyu as a rich historical document，At the same time, there are a lot of kinship language for comparison for reference，The value of research under the perspective of type science is even more prominent。

At present, research on domestic language types including Manchu language，You need to further strengthen academic exchanges and cooperation in all aspects。Different from the research tradition and historical background，The research status of each language also presents a relatively uneven situation。For example，The unity of academic terms is a problem that needs to be solved urgently。Study on Promoting Language Types，On the one hand, researchers need to study the horizons across the language，On the other hand, it also requires the further improvement of the corresponding academic exchange platform。Types Study on Promoting Ethnic Language，It is also a kind of protection and inheritance of national cultural heritage。Language Type Study itself，Breaking the barrier of time and the boundary of the region，Give researchers to explore the vision of language and culture through cultural surfaces，It is conducive to improving the level and level of the protection of national cultural heritage。

　(Author Unit: Academy of Sciences of Qingxi University)