The academic community usually thinks，Zhuangzi (the collective referred to as an individual thinker and school) is the "self -study" person in the sense of aesthetics，Practice for self -cultivation，The realm of Yida to "Xiaoyao"。But，We should not misunderstand the image of Zhuangzi's "alone with the spirit of heaven and earth"，I believe that Zhuangzi specializes in "self" and ignores others。In fact，Zhuangzi pays special attention to the establishment of the "friendship community" with others。Through "forgetting" and "Taoism"，He built the cooperation between "self" and "people" on the basis of true morality，Established a "friendship community" that is quite paradoxical with this。

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"Friend" belongs to human relations，Where different ideological schools，The relationship between "friends" not only has a difference in evaluation attitude，And there are problems with different perspectives。among the pre -Qin sons，Zhuangzi specially "friend" one dimension in the relationship between human beings，This is quite comparable to the perspective of the early Confucianism。Kongmen actually focuses on "friends"，The first chapter of the Analects of Confucius "Learning" "There are friends from far away，Unhappy "means showing this point。Confucian discussion "Friends"，Start from the perspective of their own person，Highlight the "confidant" sex of each other。Compared to the "confidant" of the Confucian "friend"，Zhuangzi's party "friend" understands the bet365 Play online games more "partner" sex，It is possible to participate in the "peer" of a "space" and "field" game together，Therefore, it is particularly highlighting the "phase and" sex of "friend"，that is, "Me" to become a "game" partner。

Of course，It is not easy to join this game partner circle and be friends，It requires a considerable "mind" condition as the premise，It is based on the breakthrough of the "life and death" limit。There are many examples in "Zhuangzi · Grand Master"，For example, "Zi Ji、Ziyu、Zi plow、Zi Lai's four people and words said: ‘I can do nothing，Taking birth as a ridge，Taking death as a cricket;，My friends with you。Laugh at each other，Mo Ni to Heart，Sui Xiang and Friends。”

Here，There is a mechanism for "picking" friends，It can show that it can show its life and death through "words and deeds"、Follow Shun Dahua，can be "confirmed" as "friend"，Therefore, "phase and friends" are actually the process of "picking" between "me"，The criteria for evaluation are the "tacit understanding" of "unexpectedly" between them。With this "tacit understanding"，is "friend"; there is no tacit understanding，The loser arms。In fact，Zhuangzi's response to the response of "life and death" to examine whether it is，It is the mourning of the "self" status (without yourself)，Due to the disassembly of the heart of "being"，Therefore "Hue"，and eliminate the heart of "humiliation"。

Maybe we will think，Zhuang Zi said that the "tacit understanding" of this "unknown" is a bit "mysterious"，But in fact, if it is "choose friends", it is very "real" and "effective"。We can imagine such a scene，In a certain scale of social space，"Me" is not completely "familiar"，Instead of being in a Bet365 lotto review state of "unknown"，Therefore, the "heart" of "other"，Including its interest、Hobbies、Belief、Position, etc.，It is not completely understood by "I"。In this case，Seeking a "friend" who can the same "travel" with "self"，You need to send information about "seeking friends" through a certain form，The so -called "嘤 嘤 音，Ask for a friend's voice "。"Seeking Friends" information is naturally not a way through "media"，The form of "Eight Classics" is "widely told"，but in non -"formal" occasions，The form of a "private" conversation。In view of a certain range of people，Although there are "potential" "friends"，But there are also "potential" "leak"，Therefore, "seeking friends" must have a "tentative" process。"Tentist" "send out" the same information，"Receive" the same information in the same way，So they are both the publisher of the "seeking friends" information，is a receiver again。In fact，The "seeking friend" information given this is like a "test question"，"Seeking friends" must test others，It is also tested by others，Therefore, "mutual" test。For example，"Zisanghu、Mencius Anti -Anti -、Ziqin Zhang three people and friends，said: ‘孰 能 能 无 无，Phase is not phase，I can climb the sky for the sky，Scratching Wuji，Forgot to give birth，No end to end? ‘” In this, the “I can do with it with no phase，Phase is not to do nothing. "A paragraph can be regarded as" test question "，It and the previous article "I can do nothing，Breeding as the ridge "is similar in form，The content of the expression is slightly different according to the context of the language。It is worth noting that，"Test Questions" is in Bet365 app download the form of "speech"，Say it like "inadvertently"，The answer to "Test Questions" is not in the form of words，is the "Heart Leader"，Therefore, "Look at each other and laughs，Mo Shiji Heart "。Through the tester，Sui Xiang and Friends。Zhuangzi uses the issue of "life and death" to "detect" others，Friends who choose "Tongdao"，Quite the "performance" of the drama，It has some kinds of inspiration for the teaching of Buddhist Zen in the form of Buddhist Zen in the form of public cases。

　　"Friends" maintenance mechanism: forgetfulness

Through "Choosing" and "phase and friends"，The monk established the "Friendship Community"，To maintain this community，Also put forward a very high mental requirement for "friends"，The so -called "forgetfulness"。It seems to have a "paradox" here: both phase and friends，Concernism，Forgot to be ruthless again。Bai Zhi，You must contact the concept of "No Waipan" (Nothing) to understand。As Zhuangzi said，"I" does not know "True Zaizai"，Do not know the creation of "Tao"，Stay to me，Idenths of "I"，Create the heart of breeding and humiliation，Demo with the heart。If this，Then others are not friends，Also competitors or those available，Therefore, those who "have to be" (to be treated) have no "friends"。"Me" Ruoda "Daotong is one"，Then you will realize that "Peter" is not a competitor of "I"、Users，and the person created by the "Tao"。In the sense of the origin，"Peter" and "I" is really "friend"。

but，In reality，"Peter" and "I" seal the boundary，Heavenly Renju，This "source" is forgotten by the relationship between "friends".，"The Great Master" has repeatedly explained this point with "Fish Fish forgot to Rivers and Lakes"，For example, bet365 live casino games "Quanluo，Fish phase and in Lu，Xiangyu Wet，Xiangyu Yimo，It is better to forget each other "，There is also "Confucius said:‘ fish looks like water，Humanity is like a way。Those who are located in water，Raise it to the pool;，Born to be born。Therefore: Fish looks like water，People forget the Taoism '"。Fish survived Lai Shui，I feel free in the water without feeling him，Therefore "forget it"; waterless，can only "meet each other" for life，But this is not the fundamental strategy，solid and temporary technique also，Therefore, inadequate，So "It's better to forget each other"。Obviously，"Love" from the "Xiangxiang Yimo" from the fish breeds the "love"，But this "love" is not "necessary"，but a kind of helpless "remaining object"。Similarly，The real "friend" relationship between "people" is based on "forgetting Taoism"，Do not "read" your friends，Only friends are friends。

Fundamental speaking，Zhuangzi's "forgetting" is a kind of spiritual cultivation technology，It will expand the "selflessness" (funeral) of "self" to "self -forget" between "self" and "people"，Requires the individual to transform from a "conscious" activity method to the "spontaneous" activity method，That is Bi LaideThe so -called "from the transition from low -level mechanism to advanced mechanism，Consciousness will disappear，or partially disappear，or change function，or changes "。Therefore, when the life and death of "friends" are enlarged，The attitude of the Zhuangzi faction is Daguan's，Not holding the heart of the world to take the mind，On the contrary, adhere to the dependence of the creation of "Tao"，For example, Said、Ziyu、Zi Bet365 lotto review plow、Zi Lai four people "friends"，Zi Public Diseases，Suni Detective Disease，The two are still in "Tao"。Ziyu self -ridicule，"Weiyi，The man made by the husband to take it for this "，Zi worship does not show sorrow and tests its mood: "Ru evil?"，Yu Xieye ... And the husband，4381_4386，Shunye。Anshima and Sadness cannot be entered，The so -called suspension of this ancient is ... "actually，"Forgot to Taoism" is a technical technique of high difficulty，Require friends between friends to "forget" at the same time，If one is forgotten，One does not forget，If you can't forget each other "。One does not forget，"Heart" that shows "needs"，Desire、hesitation、Believe、Paranoid and other "cognition" (thought) mood has a corresponding "appearance" display，"Me" shows this "appearance" that is exposed，Although it is fleeting slightly，Captured by the other party，This is "humiliated" for others to see lightly，or I feel 慊，Heartshand，Can't compare with You shoulder。Therefore "friends"，Mutual and not humiliated，"No self -respect" because it cannot be forgotten，The situation of becoming "humiliated"，The Alliance of "Friends" is to disintegrate。

"Phase and Friends" while "forget to swim"，Zhuangzi gave a paradox "friendship community"。Although this "ideal model" is like "The Mountain of" Aunt Shooting "described by Zhuangzi，People who are in reality seem to be unpopular and unreasonable，However, it is not impossible to undergo under specific space -time conditions，In the minority of individuals with high mental intelligence (so -called "people"), it is achieved。From this, this inference is caused: Zhuangzi's "the" is not bet365 Play online games self -self "can not be achieved alone，It is not an isolated state，"Best" requires "self" and "no self"，"Forgot" in "People"，Therefore, "friendship" in "people" is not an external "consumption" resource，but the self -cultivation of the inner "must"。From this，For Zhuangzi,，Maintaining the community of "Friends" requires the "Yidao" of the individual's life and "line"，This non -"secular" "morality" can be scope，requires higher "moral skills"。

　(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Suzhou University)