Three Kingdoms Wu · Celadon Plastic Plastic Character Building Soul Bottle。It is decorated with Kirin、Bi Wing Bird、Turtle and other animal images。

　　bet365 live casino games

As a "metaphor" as a rhetoric method and thinking mode，It has always been respected by different cultural traditions。"Mu Zili Confusion" is the earliest Buddhist book in China。A large number of Confucianism in the book、Dao and Zhuzi Baijia Book，Explaining the doctrine of Buddhism，Analyzing the Buddha with the map、Tao、Confucian point consistent，Early attempts to promote the Chineseization of Buddhism。If the "metaphor" in "Mu Zili Confusion" is removed from the text，So it will not only damage the vivid image of its language，and the persuasive persuasion of its logical demonstration，At the same time, it may blur the original intuitive and tension between the original Buddhist and Chinese culture，and ignore the imagination and creativity formed by "Mu Zili Confusion" to overcome this ability。

　　"Metaphor" is characterized by "familiarity"

In "Mu Zili Confusion"，Mu Zi assumes that there are Chinese people who believe that "metaphor" often uses "metaphors" in Buddhist classics: "metaphor，Non -Tao's important。Different differences，Non -things。Although he resigns more words，Judoya Dandling one car，Don’t think that treasure。"From this because of this，Mu Zi explained his understanding and importance of "metaphor"，And think that communication between people，Even the bet365 live casino games sage sages are inseparable from the "metaphor": "，can be said to be true。One person sees one person who does not see，Difficulty and Establishment also。The former people did not see Lin，Ask the tastor: What kind of Lin? Seeing: Lin Ru Lin also。The questioner said: If I taste the Lin，If you don't ask the Zi。and Yunlin Rulin，Ning Ke Xie? Seee: Lin，麏 body、ox tail、Deer Hill、horse back。Question Huo Jie ... Three hundred of poems，Classification Class，From the sons 谶、Secretary of the sage，Can't quote the metaphor。”

Mu Zi thinks，For those who have never seen "Lin"，If "Lin" is "Lin" is "Lin"，It is incomprehensible to it。But if "Lin" has a body、ox tail、Deer Hill、horse back，People who do not understand immediately understand。From Mu Zi's view，Those who have not seen "Lin" and those who have seen "Lin"，All owns "麏、Cow、Deer、Horse "knowledge，Therefore, the role of "metaphor" is the other thing to see the other thing with one thing that they are familiar with，so that the unseenable person can understand what he said。Some literary theories in modern times，"Stranger" pursuing language，Daily usage to deviate from words，Reconstruction to achieve meaning is very important，and the role of the metaphor ("metaphor") is well reflected in this area。But，The opposite of this modern literature concept is，Mu Zi believes that the biggest feature of "metaphor" is "familiarity"，instead of "Old Available，Put on New "。It can be said，"Familiarity" is the core of the methodology used in Mu Zi to promote the Chineseization process of Buddhism。

　　"Metaphor" to explain the path to communicate the spirit of Buddhism and Chinese culture

When Mu Zi explained bet365 best casino games the meaning of "metaphor", how to explain the question of "Lin"，And thinks that "麏、ox tail、Deer Hill、Horse Back "to explain" Lin "is appropriate。From these statements，Mu Zi's so -called "metaphor" is actually analogy，instead of metaphors。But，Mu Zi talked about "metaphor" only refers to analogy? of course not。In "Mu Zili Confusion", you can find that when Mu Zi uses "metaphor"，Many metaphorical words "For example、Jue、Ru "to make metaphors。Visible，Mu Zi's "metaphor" does not only refer to the analogy，It also includes metaphors，The two often do not distinguish from Muzi。

The main metaphors in Mu Zili Confucius Theory has its direct or indirect source in Chinese classical culture。For example，"If the mountains are endless，Ling sheep Ling Qi。Deepliness，Xunzi Battle Qiyuan "，It comes from the ancient Chinese saying- "Deep Connected Spring。Children's Bathing Battle。High hills。Sweet Sheep Tour the top "。"Kirin is not in the garden"，It comes from "Book of Rites and Rites" "Mountain Owner Cars，River out of horse map，Phoenix Kirin is all in the suburbs "。"The fish swallowing the fish does not swim the stream of the stream"，It comes from "Zhuangzi · Geng Sang Chu" "Swallowing Fish，砀，then ants can suffer "。"Although it is not a one person，For example, drink water in Linhe，full and self -sufficient，焉 Know the rest "，Delivery from "Zhuangzi · Xiaoyaoyou" "Nest Nest in Shenlin，But one branch;，But full of belly "。"Although the four divisions are holy，Compared to Buddha，Judah Deer and Kirin，Swallow Bird's and Phoenix also "，originated from "Mencius Gongsun Ugly" "Kirin to bet365 Play online games Animal，Phoenix to Flying Bird ... Class "。"I since I heard the Tao，As you see the day "，It comes from "Hou Han Book · Yuan Shao Chuan" "Kaishuo Kaiyun Seeing Day，He Xiyu ";。In this，Some metaphorical sentences are directly used，Some have made some modifications and adjustments to the text，Some metaphors quoted into the new context。Compare with Chinese classic sentences through these examples，It is not difficult to find that although Mu Zi is using a metaphor，But because many of them are directly adopted by predecessors，Therefore, in these metaphors，The role of metaphors is not the first，More importantly, the method of "familiarity" and the purpose of Sinicization，That is, by using the metaphor familiar to the Chinese people，Make Buddhism's meaning to understand and accept the Chinese people。Of course，Not all metaphors are like this。When involving the core meaning of some Buddhism，Sentences of metaphors appear new creation，Although the metaphor still belongs to the daily things that people are well known，If the idea of ​​the immortal soul of Buddhism，Mu Zi compared it to "the root leaves of the grain，Soul and God like the plant of the grain "。Similar to such an original sentence，It constitutes another important dimension in the interpretation of Mu Zi "metaphor"。In short，Example of "Metaphor" in "Mu Zili Confusion"，Whether it is directly adopted by the sentence，It is still a citing of righteousness，or a new original，All through Mu Zixin's interpretation，So as to get a new cognitive dimension。

If the metaphor in "Mu Zili Confusion" is more directly adopted by Chinese classics，Then the analogy in "Mu Zili Confusion" is mainly a ritual for Bet365 lotto review traditional Chinese、righteousness、Ren、Support and innovation of concepts such as filial piety。"Mu Zili Confusion" is uniquely interpreted by the ancient Chinese king Yao Shunyu soup、Liangxiang Yi Yin Lu Shang Zhou Gong、Saint Confucius and Meng Laozhuang and various genres、Similarity of the story of heroine and Buddhist righteousness。Start from this similarity，Mu Zi just uses the "familiar" interpretation method，Communicate with the spirit of Buddhism with the spirit of Chinese culture，Constructed the three new categories of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism、New World。

　"Metaphor" affects early Buddhist statues

The metaphor of "Metaphysics" in "Mu Zili" mostly comes from Chinese classics，It plays an important media role to understand Buddhism in Chinese people。Motivation for Sinicization，Some metaphors in "Metaphysics" in "Mu Zili Confusion" are similar to the early Chinese Buddhist statues.。"Mu Zili Confusion" compares the sages of China with the Buddha: "Utah and Kirin，Swallow Bird and Phoenix。"This metaphor obviously quoted the sentences used by Mencius when comparing saints and ordinary people:" Kirin to beasts，Phoenix to Flying Bird。"From the perspective of religious beliefs，The object of the belief is attached to a certain thing to be very careful。This metaphor is directly taken from "Mencius" for "familiarity".，It can be seen that Mu Zi accepted "Kirin" and "Phoenix" -The "Four Spirit Beasts" in Chinese traditional culture -compared to the Buddha。I am unique，Korean scholar Li Zhengxiao mentioned in the book "Research on the Early Buddhist Statue of China"，The statues of "Phoenix" and "Kirin" appeared on some unearthed Sun Wu Xijin's Buddhist soul bottle。"Kirin" and "Phoenix" bet365 live casino games as an important symbol in Chinese traditional culture have always been in a relatively special position，The introduction of the statue of the statue of Buddhism began in the period of the Sun Wu period of the Three Kingdoms (according to the current archeological research)。Although it can not be said that the artistic shape of the early Buddhist statues in China is affected by the decisiveness of "Mu Zi Li's Confusion"，But the sexual relationship between the two is not just a coincidence。From time to view，"Mu Zili Confusion" is a metaphor for the Buddha with "Kirin" and "Phoenix"，"Kirin" and "Phoenix" in the same period began to appear in the early Chinese Buddhist statue art，It does reflect the "familiarity" efforts of Chinese early Buddhism in the cross -cultural integration。Visible，Whether it is China's early Buddhist theory，The practice of the statue art of early Buddhism in China，All cross -cultural roads in the same period，An innovative road of Chineseization。

The core purpose of Mu Zi's use of "metaphor" is the purpose of "Mu Zili Confusion": let Buddhist righteousness and Confucianism in Chinese native culture penetrate。The purpose of the interpretation method of "familiarity" is to tell the Chinese Buddhist beliefs are not weird God，Its way of its sages with the Chinese king can be connected to each other。It can be said，The idea of ​​"Mu Zili Confusion"，Especially "familiar" methodological ideas，It plays an important role in the Chineseization of early Buddhism。In the early days of Buddhism as a foreign religion，Through the efforts of generations after generation after generation，Finally successfully integrate bet365 Play online games with traditional Chinese culture，The main body of Chinese traditional culture with Confucianism and Taoism。

　　(Author Unit: Institute of Buddhism and Religious theory of Renmin University of China)