The 1950s and 1960s，Chinese Buddhist community compiled an English version of "Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia"，Some of the contents of the "Encyclopaedia of Buddhism，1961-2007)。The compilation of this English encyclopedia is a attempt to "tell the Chinese story" in the Chinese Buddhist community after the founding of New China，It is a sorting and display of the Chinese Buddhist knowledge system。

Buddhism that originated in India，Introduced to China around AD，After more than a thousand years of development，Form "Chinese Buddhism"，and Confucian、Taoist Together，Joint "Confucian、Release、Dao "The name of the three studies becomes the core element of traditional Chinese culture。During the Sinicization of Buddhism，An important change is the Sinicization of Buddhist knowledge system: Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties，Indian Buddhist knowledge input; Sui and Tang dynasties，Confucian establishment、Mahayana Buddhism is established; the Song and Yuan Dynasties，Zen uses a Chinese narrative; the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Buddhism enters the overall decline;，Buddhist knowledge expression presents a new face after integrating the new knowledge of Western learning。It can be said，The transformation of the knowledge system of Buddhism witnessed the process of Buddhism's Sinicization。

The meaning of the "Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia" in the 20th century，Can't only focus on the era of book repair，Instead, it should be placed in the academic context of the history of the construction of the knowledge system of Chinese Buddhism in 2,000 years for observation，This can highlight its far -reaching historical origins and grand strategic value。

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The compilation of the "Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia" originated from Sri Lanka's "Buddhist Encyclopedia" project。The 2050s，Independent Sri Lanka launched the modern Buddhist revival movement，Opportunities for the 2500th year of Buddhism and Buddhism in the south，Promoting a series of activities aimed at revitalizing Buddhism，Among them, including the English version of "Buddhist Encyclopedia" edited in English。

G. P. Malalasekera，1899-1973) push，1955，The Sri Lanka Buddhist Federation (Buddhist Countcil of Ceylon) starts editing work，After the Bet365 lotto review project transferred to the Sri Lanka Culture Department Management。The compilation of this 100 subjects is the result of international cooperation，The largest international editorial committee is located in Toyo University in Tokyo, Japan; the Chinese editorial committee is located in Beijing;，In Myanmar、Thailand、Germany、France、Italy、The Netherlands and other countries also have some small editorial boards。

At the beginning of the project launch，The then Sri Lanka Prime Minister Kotravara (J. L. KOTELAWALA，1893-1980) Let's write to Premier Zhou Enlai，Invite the Chinese Buddhist community to participate in the Chinese Buddhist part of the book。Premier Zhou subsequently entrusted the Chinese Buddhist Association to organize manpower to compile。After the Chinese Buddhist Association accepts the task，Established the Encyclopedia of the Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia in 1956，Zhao Puchu served as the chairman，Lu Yan as Deputy Chairman，hire Fa Zun、Gao Guanru、Huang Yanhua、Giant Zan、Longlian、Tian Guanglie、Yu Yu、Zhou Shujia and other Buddhist scholars are written、Edit and English translation。After more than six years of hard work，The compilation team has written more than 400 Chinese entries，More than 2 million words，Translated into more than 300 English entries，About 1.15 million words。Some English translations are sent to Sri Lanka，Entering Sri Lanka Edition "The Encyclopedia of Buddhism"。Due to the use of encyclopedia entries for the whole book，Each entry is arranged according to the order of the alphabet，It is not the same as the rules provided by China，Therefore, the content of Chinese Buddhism is scattered and incorporated into different entries，Scattered in the book。

It is worth noting that，In the process of writing the entire book，The scope of work is not just to transport related content in accordance with the requirements of Sri Lankan's editing requirements，Instead, it has developed a compilation plan with a complete encyclopedia regulation from the beginning，That is, the book is based on the history of Chinese Buddhism、History of Chinese and foreign Buddhist relations、denominations、Buddhist figures、Buddhist classics and other subjects organize entries，And first set the Chinese version of the Chinese version，Again English Translation。Among them, the Chinese manuscript is also sorted out in the 1980s，Published "Chinese Buddhism" with four volumes，Just the English part bet365 best casino games has not yet fully launched。

The compilation of this 100 subjects was a major event in the Chinese Buddhist community at that time，Because it involves New China internationally of Buddhist history、The right to speak of knowledge: Chinese Buddhist encyclopedia is part of the story of Chinese stories，Writing Encyclopedia，tells the story of Chinese Buddhism。At the same time，This 100 subjects are also the first time in the Chinese Buddhist community to present a Chinese Buddhist knowledge system with the system of modern encyclopedia，Not only reveals the overall appearance of Chinese Buddhism in content，It also reflects the new features of the expression of Chinese Buddhism knowledge at this historical stage。

　Chinese Buddhism "Book of General Interpretation" andBuddhist knowledge system

"Buddhist knowledge system" can be divided into "knowledge of law" and "teaching knowledge"，The former is the Dharma system、Buddhist thought，Including the translation of basic Buddhist teaching、Note and interpretation、Elaborate; the latter refers to the historical knowledge formed by Chinese Buddhism in the process of generating development，Including belief objects、Organizational structure、Knowledge at different levels of social relations。Integrated，can be divided into method、Buddha、Monk、Four dimensions，corresponding to ideology and justice、Belief Object、Organization system、Social Relations。To analyze the knowledge system of Buddhism，You can get its outline。but but，The Chinese Buddhist Institutes contain all kinds of scriptures, Tibetan banknote rolls，The above knowledge is scattered in it，Not to be described，Use this to analyze the raw path of its knowledge system，Difficulties。If you can choose a type of work as a breakthrough，It is difficult to grasp it.。In the history of Chinese Buddhism，There is a type of historical book by Mr. Chen Yinque as "the book of the general interpretation"，These works are committed to comprehensively organizing and classification of a certain category or all Buddhist knowledge，Itself has the intention to build a Buddhist knowledge system，The largest carrier of Buddhist knowledge。For example，Correction of Buddhist literature foruming the scriptures、Category and summary of the content of Buddhist books、The scriptures of the scriptures are selected、Compilation of compilation of specific door literature，It also includes a Buddhist dictionary compiled under the influence of modern Bet365 app download Western studies、Encyclopedia, etc.。These works have the nature of encyclopedia due to their comprehensive content system and the structure of sub -subjects.。

In addition，There are many knowledge that focuses on presenting a certain class。For example，Comprehensive phonetic synonyms for the phonetic interpretation of the important words of the Buddhist scriptures、Yizhang，Reflects the understanding of Chinese scholars or Buddhists and re -creation of Buddhist thoughts。Another example，Records the transmission of the law of various sects、Ancestral Biography、Light Record、Supu, etc.，reflects the inheritance and creativity of Chinese Buddhism at the level of faith objects。Another example，Monks who have comprehensively recorded Buddhist figures、Ancestral Biography，Temple Chronicle of the History of the Buddhist Temple，presents the characteristics of the Chinese Buddhist monk at the organization and system。other，Equipment of the Law、Monk history and other works expressed the relationship between the three religions、Concept of King rights、Knowledge at the level of Buddhist social relations such as monks and customs。

These encyclopedia works in the history of Chinese Buddhism in the history of Chinese Buddhism、Prosperity、withered and regression，shows the dynamic process of consciousness or unconscious construction of the Chinese Buddhist community，Chineseization with Buddhism、The spread of Buddhism in China is closely related。

　Sinicization process of Buddhist knowledge system

Chinese Buddhism developed from Indian Buddhism，The Chinese Buddhist knowledge system is also the result of the stimulating integration of the Indian Buddhist knowledge system and the traditional Confucianism and Taoist knowledge system。

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties，At the beginning of Buddhism，A large number of Buddhism is translated into Chinese，It is passed on in Middle -earth，Early content of becoming Chinese Buddhist knowledge。Facing the vast Buddhist classics，China's knowledge world is dizzy，People are out of the urgent wish of seeking Buddhism，Start with some textbooks、Tools to help learn Buddhist scriptures，So there are types of works such as "copying", "compilation", "book", and "recording"，Classification、Excerpts、The method of viewing the Chinese translation Buddhist scriptures。Because the Buddhist scriptures are translated from Sanskrit or other Western languages，It is difficult to understand，Bet365 app download So some who are proficient in Buddhism have compiled "Yinyi" and "Yizhang" works，Refugeely referred to the important Buddhist scripture。other，With the development of the monk group，Chinese monks are gradually emerging，Monk -in -law works that record the monks' friendship in correspondingly，such as "Biography of Monks"。Generally speaking，Buddhist knowledge in this period，The main knowledge of the knowledge of Indian Buddhism is mainly followed，Translate the scriptures、Turn and narrate，But，On the basis of comprehensive Indian Buddhist scriptures，The main consciousness and ideological creativity of Chinese Buddhism has also been presented，Mainly reflected in the writing of "Hongming Collection" and "Mahayana Yizhang"。

After the Sui and Tang dynasties，Monk generations，denominations。Under the prosperous weather at the time，The Buddhist world has compiled many large -scale encyclopedia all books。"Dharma Zhulin", "Mahayana Fa Garden Yilin Zhang", "Datang Zhong Jing Yinyi", "Shi Shi Six Posts", etc.。Test these works，It can be found that some important changes have taken place in the Chinese Buddhist knowledge system at that time: from the original dependence of Indian culture，to absorbing China -Turkey Culture、Integration China -India Knowledge and Thought，Then to consciously construct the knowledge system of Chinese Buddhism itself。Ge Zhaoguang said in the History of Chinese Thought，The classification method of Buddhist books reflects the integration and specifications of knowledge and thoughts，For example, the classification in "Fa Garden Zhulin" is specially placed in front of "Tian" and "Earth"，Strongly displaying its religious characteristics，However, in entries such as "monarchs and ministers" and "nano" reflect that Buddhism already has a value system and classification idea that is roughly the same as the official ideology in the Chinese context。

The beginning of the end of the Tang Dynasty began，Rise in Zen、War、Factors such as law and other factors，Chinese Yili Buddhism towards decline，Zen Gate presents the wind of anti -knowledge，Traditional knowledge -based Buddhist encyclopedia all the best books in this period，"Light Record", which is answered as the main content of Zen Zen, is used as a "alienation" form，Becometer of Buddhist thoughts during this period。Five Dynasties "Ancestral Hall Collection"、Song of the Song Dynasty "Five Lantern Festival Yuan" and so on.，In the context of the decline of the bet365 best casino games traditional Buddhist knowledge system, Zen's creative understanding and expression of the Dharma，This Chinese -style Buddhist narrative can be regarded as a certain continuation of the traditional Chinese encyclopedia book。

Mingzhong and late stages，Zen Disadment Promotion，In addition to the decline of righteousness，Quotation of precepts、chaos is cluster，A slice of Buddhism。Although there are several monks in the late Ming Dynasty, the efforts to revitalize the Buddhist outline，But overall，The Ming and Qing Dynasties of the Encyclopedia of China，The authentic Buddhist encyclopedia works has little trace，Show a state of "absence"。Even if there is a catalog of "Reading Tibetan Zhijin", this catalog is appeared、Tu Long "Dharma Soup" is a layman lamp，But the fireflies micro -light，What I see is the long -term decline of the Buddhist knowledge system、The hardship situation of hundreds of difficulties。

Modern Chinese Buddhism ushered in a revival when the Republic of China was in the late Qing Dynasty，Chinese Buddhism is re -discovered as a traditional resource。Under the situation of major changes in China's knowledge and institutional system，Chinese Buddhism writing is also affected by new intellectual forms and writing methods，The history of Buddhism appeared、Introduction to Buddhism.、The works of Buddhism。In the early stages of New China，Driven by the Sri Lanka "Buddhist Encyclopedia" project，Chinese Buddhist circles have written the aforementioned "Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia"，Re -organize all kinds of knowledge related to Buddhism with modern encyclopedia。For the past 30 years，In the context of modern academic prosperity，Many large -scale Chinese Buddhist encyclopedia works came out，Continue to write a new chapter of the Chinese Buddhist knowledge system。

The English version of "Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia" compiled by the Chinese Buddhist community in the 20th century，Not only the international and domestic politics at that time、A feat in the religious ecology，It is a presentation of the tradition of Chinese Buddhism's editing "The Book of General Interpretation" in this era for a thousand years.。Observe the compilation of this 100 subjects in the history of the evolution of the Chinese Buddhist knowledge system，can be seen，The Chinese Buddhist community has inherited the tradition of Indian Buddhism compiled large -scale works，From the beginning of its establishment, there has been a grand narrative weather，generations of Buddhists to realize the "general interpretation bet365 live casino games of theory" knowledge structure from different aspects of Buddhism，Reflecting the richness of Buddhist related knowledge，It also shows that Buddhism actively integrates into the Chinese culture tradition、Actively constructing the effort of its own knowledge system。This type of work has been prosperous since the beginning of the Wei and Jin dynasties、The prosperity of the Sui and Tang dynasties、Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties' "alienation" and "absence"，until the return of the modern times，I saw the rise and fall of Chinese Buddhist knowledge society，It also shows the process of Chineseization in Buddhism。

　　(This article is the major project of the National Social Science Foundation "History of Social Life Life of the Chinese Buddhist Monk" (17zda233)、The State Social Science Fund Youth Project "History of the Evolution of Chinese Buddhism Knowledge System" (20CZJ006) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Institute of Philosophy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)