March 27, 2014，President Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the UNESCO Headquarters。In a speech called "Civilization Declaration" by the media，General Secretary Xi Jinping for civilization、Diversity of national civilization、Equality、Tolerance and civilization between the civilizations of various nations put forward specific suggestions。This speech has been nearly ten years since this speech，As General Secretary Xi Jinping's concentration of the concentration of civilization, it still has important value。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，General Secretary Xi Jinping has a long -lasting and in -depth discussion on the issue of civilization，Especially around the “Belt and Road” initiative、China -Arab National Cooperation Forum and the "Civilization Declaration" published at the United Nations Conference in 2014，Systematically explained the civilization view of building a community of human destiny。General Secretary Xi Jinping is discussed by putting the concept of civilization on the big pattern of building a community of human destiny，That is to say，The idea of ​​human civilization exchanges and mutual learning is closely linked with the prospects of the human destiny community，and as the premise and foundation。Logically speaking，Community of human destiny should include politics、Economic and cultural content，It should also include the content of civilization，The latter covers all the elements of the former in a wider sense。So，The community of human destiny is the prospect、Is the target、Is ideal，Civilized exchange and mutual learning is its specific embodiment in the field of civilization，It is a way to achieve a way and means。

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Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed and personally deployed the implementation of the “Belt and Road” initiative，Proposal of civilization exchanges and mutual learning from countries around the world、Sharing win -win development results、Build the concept of the community of human destiny，Construction of the Chinese discourse system described by civilizations in various regions。

General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that civilization is colorful、Civilization is equal、Civilization is the concept of tolerance，It is pointed out that civilized exchanges and mutual learning are an important driving force for promoting the progress of human civilization and world peaceful development; proposed to advocate respect for the diversity of world civilization，Acting with civilized exchanges beyond civilization barriers、Civilized mutual learning beyond civilization conflict、Civilized tolerance beyond the superiority of civilization;，We must pay attention to the reality of different ideas and culture.，Banner of building a community of human destiny，Promote the development of the global governance system in a more fair and reasonable direction; propose that we must be responsible for the fate of human future，Advisors who do the common value bet365 Play online games of all mankind，Understand the understanding of different civilizations with a wide mind，Respect the exploration of value implementation paths in different countries，Specific common value of all mankind、Reality reflected in the practice of realizing the interests of the country。

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized to establish a correct view of history、Observation of the overall situation、Character view，Proposing sovereignty equality is the most important criterion for each other's relationship between the country and the country for hundreds of years，It is also the primary principles that the United Nations and all agency organizations follow; adhere to the conversation and negotiation，Build a long -lasting and peaceful world; insist on building sharing，Construction of a general safe world; insist on cooperation and win -win，Build a common prosperous world; insist on exchanging and mutual learning，Build an open and inclusive world; insist on green low carbon，Build a clean and beautiful world。General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to promote the construction of a community of human destiny，Not replaced by another system，Not with one kind of civilization instead of another civilization，but different social systems、Different ideology、Different historical culture、countries with different development levels are symbiosis in international affairs、Rights Sharing、Responsibility common burden，Form the largest number of conventions that co -build a beautiful world。

The above thoughts of General Secretary Xi Jinping，conveys the Chinese position described by civilizations in various regions of various countries。The foundation of this position is to fully respect the history and roads of civilization development in various regions of various countries，Fully respect the rights of civilization and self -expression of civilizations in various countries，Fully conveyed the symbiosis coexistence of civilizations in various regions of the world in China、Goodwill for common development，Expressing China's participation in the construction of overall stability、Determination of the Framework of the Balanced Power Relationships，It shows that China will continue to play the role of a responsible power，Actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system，Continuously contribute Chinese wisdom and Chinese power。

Civilization is colorful to respect history and reality，Civilization equality is a criticism of Western independence，Civilized communication and mutual learning is a step for the community of human destiny。General Secretary Xi Jinping for civilization、The important exposition of civilized exchange and mutual learning is to exist civilized exchange and mutual learning as civilization、The state of development should be discussed to discuss the survival development of civilization in today's world，It is the discussion of civilized exchanges and mutual learning as an inevitable state.。

　　The discussion of civilization originated from realistic care and serving reality care

Study on the ways and means of civilized exchanges，Basically reached a universal consensus、The most common ways in the exchange of ancient civilization，One is war，The second is trade。

The Chinese nation has one million years of human history、History of 10,000 years of culture、History of civilization for more than 5,000 years。This Bet365 app download means，Civilization is the system integration of culture。Civilization is a country、The production method of a nation、System expression of lifestyle and spiritual beliefs，Some people think that civilization is a unique organizational method。Marx once pointed out the civilization value of human production methods and lifestyles。Li Xueqin introduced the view of the British Green Daniel's "The First Civilization" about civilization: Ancient civilizations should have 5,000 people in cities、Mature text、Complex etiquette buildings。Li Xueqin believes that the invention and use of metallurgical technology should be added。A total of a sentence，Civilization is a country、The system of a national production lifestyle exists。So，To make the system of a nation's life exist with the mutual communication with another nation，instead of the communication of a single item，This communication is integrated。War between nation -states is the most common and largest means of communication。History，The war between the nations of humans and countries does play a role in promoting civilized exchanges，That is a communication with the lives of countless ancestors and the promotion of blood，It is also the most brutal and cruel civilized communication method。Ancient Greek epic "Homer Epic" describes the war between the Greek coalition and Troy City State headed by the Athens city.，This is a war between two civilizations，It is also a communication of two civilizations。History's "History", also known as "History of the Greek War" (443 BC), recorded Greece、West Africa、Northern Africa and other civilizations in different civilizations and civilizations; the "History of the Berlonnenia War" of Shuxidad recorded the war between the Athen Timlo Alliance and the Spartniannesnesonians ( 431-404 BC)，Show different civilizations in human nature、Differences in values ​​such as justice。These different ethnic groups、War records between tribes，Objectively showing the usual method of communication between ancient ethnic tribes or tribes。After entering the AD，East and West Roman Empire、War between Persia and the surrounding ethnic tribes，Both record the history of civilized exchanges，It is an example of the diversity of civilization in these regions。

War is an important means of civilized exchanges between ancient nation countries，and is the most cruel and violent means，The war brought civilized communication，It also brings the interruption of civilization、mutations and even destruction。In this sense,，National、Trade between the country promotes the communication between civilizations is more valuable。President Xi Jinping has experienced several examples of Chinese civilization and countries in the world in a UN speech: "More than 100 BC，China has begun to open the Silk Road to the Western Regions。The Han Dynasty Zhang Jian made two envoys in the Western Regions twice in 138 BC and 119 BC，spread Chinese culture to the Western Regions，also introduced grapes、苜蓿、Pomegranate、Smill、Sesame and other Western cultural achievements。Western Han Dynasty，Chinese fleet reached India and Sri Lanka，Use Chinese silk in exchange for glazed、Pearl and other items。The Tang Dynasty in China is an active period for foreign exchanges in Chinese Bet365 lotto review history。According to historical records，There are more than 70 countries that are in the Tang Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty，At that time, the capital Changanli from the capital of the capital、Businessman、Students gathered in groups。This big exchange promotes the world of Chinese culture，It has also promoted the introduction of cultures and products of various countries to China。early 15th century，The famous navigator of the Ming Dynasty Zheng He seven ocean navigation，Many countries in Southeast Asia，Kenya, which has arrived in the east coast of Africa，Leaving a good story for the friendly interaction of people from all countries along the way。In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty，Chinese people actively learn modern scientific and technological knowledge，European astronomy、Medicine、Mathematics、Geometry、Geographical knowledge has been introduced to China，Vigorous knowledge of Chinese people。After that，Chinese and foreign civilization exchanges and mutual learning are frequently expanded，There are conflicts for this、Contradiction、Doubt、Refuse，But more is learning、digestion、Fusion、Innovation。"Of course，There are also many examples of the exchange of civilization in China in other countries in the world，For example, the history of Indian Buddhism was spread to Middle -earth。The above facts description，Civilized communication based on business and trade，It played an important role in promoting civilization exchanges and mutual learning from various countries。

The oldest in the world、The most important traffic road，All serve war and trade。such as，China and Western Regions、Central Asia、Traffic between Western countries and the Silk Road，is trade communication、Important main ways to promote the exchange of Chinese and Western civilization; Tea Horse Road leads from the Mainland to Southeast Asia、India and Russia、Central Asia; Roman Avenue radiated from Rome out，Total more than 120,000 kilometers，Is an ancient business、Important paths of military and communication。All nations reached by trade、race、Civilized communication between the country is relatively slow，But it is more long -lasting，belonging to "inductive" communication。

Entering in modern times，The most brutal way for civilized communication，is the slavery movement of Western European colonialists to Africa，It must not be confined to the scope of the capital force to explain it。From the 16th century to the 20th century，Tens of millions of African blacks were trafficked to the Americas as slaves，At the same time，African civilization is also implanted in American civilization。At the same time，European advanced capitalist country machine guards with capital，Expansion to all parts of the world，Are all nations、The state swept into the capital storm while，Also all ethnic groups、Civilizations of various countries are brought into capitalist civilization。Whether it is war、Trade，Still colonial，They are used as a means leading to communication between civilization，They are used as a means leading to communication between civilization。Marx in the Declaration of the Communist Party: "The bourgeoisie，Due to the rapid improvement of all production tools，Due to the extremely convenient transportation，Getting all the nations and even Bet365 lotto review the most barbaric nations come to civilization。The low price of its products，It is used to destroy all the Great Wall、Conquer the most tenacious psychological artillery of the barbarians。It forces all nations -if they do not want to die -use the bourgeois production method; it forces them to promote the so -called civilization，becomes an asset person。One sentence，It creates a world for itself in accordance with its own appearance。"" "The bourgeoisie enables the countryside to succumb to the city's rule。It created a huge city，greatly increased the urban population compared to the rural population，Therefore, a large part of the residents are out of the ignorance state of rural life。Just like it makes the countryside belong to the city，It enables the country where the unbound and semi -open country belongs to a civilized country，Makes farmers' nations belong to the bourgeois nation，Make the East belong to the West。"Marx's assertion，Has caught the general trend of world civilization trend in the capitalist era，is: driven by advanced productivity in the West，Not only economy、Political and social development entering capitalist orbit，Civilized Civilization Civilization is also an irresistible trend。

Entering the 20th century，Civilized communication with navigation、Aviation and extensive social exchanges quickly advance，The most prominent is the high -speed development of media technology，Exhausting the communication of civilizations of various nations。The breakthrough of digital technology has brought a revolutionary leap to civilized communication and exchanges，But it still has not changed the traditional paradigm that changes civilized exchanges: strong civilization politics、Economy、Military and cultural hegemony leads to civilized exchanges in Chinese and Western overwhelming oriental、Northern overwhelming south，Western civilization often has discourse hegemony in international exchanges，and the disadvantaged civilization is narrated、Adapted、The status of rewriting or even distorted。Although the world's non -colonization process accelerates after World War II，Change Africa、Asia、Political status of countries in Latin American region，Emerging countries are also economically autonomous，Gradually got rid of the squeezing and plunder of the Western powers，But in the civilized exchange of the digital era，Still in a state of dismissal。Politics、Economy、Weakers in the fields of military and other fields，It must be reflected in the process of civilized exchanges; disadvantaged civilizations are covered、Utilized、The distorted situation has not changed。

The concept of world civilization exchange and mutual learning proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping，It is based on this reality background，A response to the urgent topic proposed by the Institute of History and Reality。This concern，Not only in civilized communication，And more concentrated on equal communication between civilization。

　　Equal communication is the prerequisite for civilization and mutual learning

Unewal identity and status of communication between civilization，is the general law of the era of globalization or the era of capitalist expansion，During the extension of this question，Differences between civilization have gradually been described as the root of conflict Bet365 lotto review and war in the new historical period in the new historical period。

Reflection on the differences of civilization，Western academic circles have begun in the 18th to 19th centuries。French thinker Kizo's civilization view lays the core and basic cognition of civilization in the history of Western academic history。The view of civilization during this period，Not only the unity of European civilization，It has strengthened the differences between European civilization and other civilizations in the world、Confrontation，Based on European civilization as the standard，European centralism established a civilized connotation and nature。

With the crisis facing European society approaching，The academic circles of the 19-20th century began to reflect on even subverting criticism of this European centralism。Sperture criticizes the habit of western cultural centerism in the book "Fall in the West"，The era that believes that western civilization "as a assumption of all the world's incident" has passed。Tang Yinby further emphasizes the existence and development of the diversity of human civilization in his research，I believe that all kinds of human civilizations have their own basic laws，The reason for its rise and fall is whether it can solve the challenges between different civilizations。Civilization is also like an organic body，To experience the origin、growth、Four stages of decline and disintegration，Tangyinbi thinks，Various civilizations do not exist in isolation，Instead of contacting each other，Including the contact of civilization in the same era in space、The contact of civilization in different times。Jas Bels also expands the research objects of civilization to all regions of the world in "The Origin and Objectives of History"，Proposal of the "Axis Age" view of human civilization。Research results of these Western scholars，Outstanding view of the diversity of world civilization，The field of vision has expanded from Europe to all parts of the world、Civilizations of various ethnic groups; the law of the rise and fall of civilization is proposed;。It should be recognized，This is the huge progress of western academics。

The progress of countries and civilizations in the world exacerbated the crisis of Western civilization。1993，Huntington proposed conflicts between different civilizations，Especially the possibility of the conflict between Western civilization and other civilizations in the world。1996，In the extensive argument from the academic community to the international political field，Huntington extended this view to the book "Conflict of Civilization and Reconstruction of the World Order"。The core point of this book is，The main and most dangerous aspects of global politics that are appearing will be a conflict between different civilized groups。He quotes the six major power views divided by Kissinger，Drawing the conclusion: "In this new world，Regional politics is the politics of race，Global politics is the politics of civilization，The conflict of civilization has replaced the competition of the superpower。"Hunington's point of view revealed the global identity crisis after the end of the Cold War，The era of globalization in the most extensive sense，When the ideological dispute of ideology lasts for nearly a century is temporarily concluded，The "historical end" of Bet365 lotto review global capitalism in Fushan Fantasy after the destruction，Beyond the country、National、The public space in the area has not formed，This moment，Return to the nation、race、Religious，Finally settled in civilization，Become an inevitable destination。"In the world after the Cold War，Culture is both the power of division，It is a unified force。"" But，Huntington made a strategic division for this contradiction，He proposed that a spindle of world politics in the post -Cold War era is the power and cultural interaction of the Western power and the power and culture of non -Western。This point of view，The continuation of the thinking of "I and I" used by the Western academic and political strategic circles，It also reflects involuntarily choice when Western political strategic field faces crises。Obviously，This reaction revealed the basic relationship between civilization and western civilization since the era of globalization。This relationship not only belongs to history，Still present in reality，belongs to the present。

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes civilization exchange and mutual learning，Promote the diversity of civilizations in the world、Equality、tolerance，Promote the consciousness of community of human destiny。Acknowledge the diversity of various civilizations in the world，It is a respect for the historical rationality of the development of the civilization of various nations; emphasizing the equality between civilization，It emphasizes the values ​​of civilization; in order to emphasize the tolerance of different civilizations，The principle of coexistence of civilization。Only on this basis，Only the goals of human civilization exchanges and mutual learning，can also realize the vision of the community of human destiny。

　(The author is the former party secretary of the Chinese Folk Literature and Artists Association、Vice Chairman of the Council)