March 27, 2014，President Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the UNESCO headquarters。In this speech called the "Declaration of bet365 new user promo" by the media，General Secretary Xi Jinping on bet365 new user promo、Diversity of civilizations of various ethnic groups、Equality、Proposed specific suggestions on inclusiveness and exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations of various ethnic groups。This speech is almost ten years old，As a concentrated presentation of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thoughts on bet365 new user promo, it still has important value。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，General Secretary Xi Jinping has made a long-lasting and in-depth discussion on the issue of bet365 new user promo，Especially around the “One Belt, One Road” initiative、China-Arab Cooperation Forum and the “Declaration of bet365 new user promo” issued at the United Nations General Assembly in 2014，Systematically expounds the civilizational concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind。General Secretary Xi Jinping discussed the concept of bet365 new user promo within the overall context of building a community with a shared future for mankind，In other words，The idea of ​​exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations is closely linked to the prospect of a community with a shared future for mankind，and put forward as its premise and basis。Logically speaking，A community with a shared future for mankind should include politics、Economic and cultural content，Civilized content should also be included，The latter covers all elements of the former in a broader sense。Therefore，A community with a shared future for mankind is the prospect、is the target、It is ideal，bet365 new user promo exchanges and mutual learning are its concrete manifestation in the field of bet365 new user promo，It is the way and means of realization。

　　Exchange and mutual learning are the proper conditions for the existence and development of bet365 new user promo

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed and personally deployed the implementation of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative，Propose exchanges and mutual learning among bet365 new user promo around the world、Sharing the results of win-win development、Building a community with a shared future for mankind and other concepts，Constructing a Chinese discourse system that narrates bet365 new user promo in various countries and regions。

General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that bet365 new user promo is colorful、bet365 new user promo is equal、bet365 new user promo is the concept of tolerance，Pointed out that exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are an important driving force for the progress of human bet365 new user promo and world peace and development；Proposed to advocate respect for the diversity of world civilizations，Transcending civilizational barriers through civilizational exchanges、Mutual learning among civilizations transcends conflict of civilizations、Civilized tolerance surpasses bet365 new user promo and is superior；Proposed that we should grasp the general trend of exchanges and mutual learning among various civilizations，We must also pay attention to the reality of mutual stimulation of different ideologies and cultures；The global governance concept advocated，Hold high the banner of building a community with a shared future for mankind，Promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction；Proposed that we should be highly responsible for the future and destiny of mankind，Be an advocate of common values ​​for all mankind，Understand the value connotation of different civilizations with a broad mind，Respect the exploration of value realization paths by people from different countries，Make the common values ​​of all mankind concrete、Realistically reflect it in the practice of realizing the interests of the people of the country。

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized the need to establish a correct view of history、Overall view、Character view，Proposed that sovereign equality has been the most important criterion for regulating relations between countries for hundreds of years，It is also the primary principle followed by the United Nations and all agencies and organizations；Insist on dialogue and consultation，Building a world of lasting peace；Adhere to joint construction and sharing，Building a universally safe world；Adhere to win-win cooperation，Building a world of common prosperity；Insist on exchanges and mutual learning，Building an open and inclusive world；Adhere to green and low carbon，Build a clean and beautiful world。General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind，It is not about replacing one system with another，It is not about replacing one bet365 new user promo with another，But different social systems、Different ideologies、Different histories and cultures、Countries with different levels of development have symbiotic interests in international affairs、Right Sharing、Shared responsibility，Form the greatest common denominator to build a better world。

The above thoughts of General Secretary Xi Jinping，Conveys China’s position on the bet365 new user promo narrative of various countries and regions。The foundation of this position is to fully respect the history and path of bet365 new user promo development in all countries and regions，Full respect for the right of civilized self-expression of all countries and regions，Fully conveys China’s commitment to the symbiosis and coexistence of civilizations in all countries and regions around the world、Goodwill for common development，Expressed China’s participation in building overall stability、Determination to maintain a balanced development framework for major power relations，Indicates that China will continue to play the role of a responsible major country，Actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system，Continuously contribute Chinese wisdom and Chinese strength。

A colorful bet365 new user promo means respecting history and reality，Civilized equality is a criticism of Western supremacy，Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are the ladder to building a community with a shared future for mankind。General Secretary Xi Jinping on bet365 new user promo、An important discussion of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations is to regard exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations as the existence of civilizations、Discuss the survival and development of bet365 new user promo in today’s world based on the proper state of development，It discusses exchanges and mutual learning between civilizations as an inevitable state。

　　The discussion of bet365 new user promo originates from and serves realistic concerns

Research on the ways and means of civilizational exchange，The academic community has basically reached a general consensus、The most common way of communication among ancient bet365 new user promo，First, war，The second is trade。

The Chinese nation has a million years of human history、Ten thousand years of cultural history、Five thousand years of bet365 new user promo history。This means，bet365 new user promo is the systematic integration of culture。bet365 new user promo is a country、A nation’s mode of production、Systematic expression of lifestyle and spiritual beliefs，Some people think that bet365 new user promo is a unique way of organizing。Marx once pointed out the civilized value of human production methods and lifestyles。Li Xueqin introduced the British point of view on bet365 new user promo in "The Original bet365 new user promo" by Green Daniel: Ancient bet365 new user promo should have a city of 5,000 people、Mature text、Complex ceremonial architecture。Li Xueqin believes that the invention and use of metallurgical technology should also be added。In a word，bet365 new user promo is a country、The systematic existence of a nation’s production and lifestyle。Therefore，To enable the system of life of one nation to communicate with another nation，Instead of the exchange of a single item，This kind of communication is holistic。War between nation-states is the most common and largest means of communication。History，Wars between various human nations and countries have indeed played a role in promoting exchanges among civilizations，That is an exchange promoted by the lives and blood of countless ancestors，It is also the most barbaric and cruel means of civilized communication。The ancient Greek epic "Homer's Epic" describes the war between the Greek coalition led by the city-state of Athens and the city-state of Troy，This is a war between two civilizations，It is also an exchange between two civilizations。Herodotus' "History" also known as "History of the Greco-Persian Wars" (443 BC) records Greece、West Africa、Wars and bet365 new user promo characteristics between different civilizations such as North Africa；Thucydides' "History of the Peloponnesian War" records the war between the Delian League of Athens and the Peloponnesian League of Sparta (431-404 BC)，Shows different civilizations in human nature、Differences in values ​​such as justice。These different ethnic groups、War records between tribes，Objectively showing the customary communication methods between ancient ethnic tribes or tribes。After entering the Christian era，Eastern and Western Roman Empire、Wars between Persia and surrounding ethnic tribes，They all record the history of civilizational exchanges，Is an example of the diversity of civilizations in these regions。

War is an important means of civilizational exchanges between ancient nation-states，And it is the most cruel and violent method，War brings exchanges between civilizations，Also brings about the interruption of bet365 new user promo、Mutation or even destruction。In this sense，Nationality、Trade between countries promotes exchanges between civilizations and is more valuable。In his speech at the United Nations, President Xi Jinping experienced several examples of exchanges between Chinese bet365 new user promo and countries around the world: "More than 100 BC，China began to open up the Silk Road to the Western Regions。Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty made two missions to the Western Regions in 138 and 119 BC，Spread Chinese culture to the Western Regions，Grapes were also introduced、Alfalfa、Pomegranate、Flax、Sesame and other cultural achievements of the Western Regions。Western Han Dynasty，China’s fleet has arrived in India and Sri Lanka，Exchanged Chinese silk for colored glaze、Pearls and other items。The Tang Dynasty of China was an active period of foreign exchanges in Chinese history。According to historical records，In the Tang Dynasty, China’s envoys had good relations with more than 70 countries，Envoys from various countries in Chang'an, the capital at that time、Businessman、International students gather in groups。This great exchange has promoted Chinese culture to spread far and wide around the world，It also promoted the introduction of cultures and products from various countries into China。Early 15th century，Zheng He, the famous navigator of the Ming Dynasty, made seven ocean voyages，Arrived in many countries in Southeast Asia，All the way to Kenya on the east coast of Africa，Leaves behind a good story of friendly exchanges between China and the people of other countries along the way。Late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty，Chinese people actively learn modern scientific and technological knowledge，Astronomy in Europe、Medicine、Mathematics、Geometry、Geography knowledge has been introduced into China，Broaden the knowledge horizons of Chinese people。After，Exchanges and mutual learning between Chinese and foreign civilizations are becoming more frequent，There is a conflict、Contradiction、Doubt、Rejected，But it’s more about learning、Digestion、fusion、Innovation。”Of course，There are many examples of other countries in the world’s cultural exchanges with China，For example, the history of Indian Buddhism being spread to China。Explanation of the above facts，Civilized exchanges based on business，Played an important role in promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations。

The oldest in the world、The most important traffic artery，Both serve war and trade。such as，China and the Western Regions、Central Asia、The Silk Road, the main transportation route between Western countries，Communication through trade、An important channel for promoting exchanges between Chinese and Western civilizations；The Ancient Tea Horse Road leads from the mainland to Southeast Asia、India and Russia、Central Asia；Roman avenues radiating from Rome，Over 120,000 kilometers in total，It is ancient trade、Important road for military and communication。Ethnicities achieved through trade、Race、bet365 new user promo exchanges between countries are relatively slow，But more durable，Belongs to “inductive” communication。

Since modern times，The most cruel way of civilized exchange，It is the slave trade movement of Western European colonialists in Africa，This cannot be explained solely within the scope of capital power。From the 16th century to the 20th century，Tens of millions of black Africans were trafficked to America as slaves，At the same time，African bet365 new user promo has also been implanted into American bet365 new user promo。At the same time，Europe’s advanced capitalist state machine protects capital，Expand to all parts of the world，In bringing together all ethnic groups、While the country is swept into the capital storm，Also include all ethnic groups、The bet365 new user promo of each country is brought into the capitalist bet365 new user promo。Whether it’s war、Trade，Still colonial，They serve as means to lead to exchanges between civilizations，It’s all an invasion of a weak bet365 new user promo by a strong bet365 new user promo。Marx said in the "Communist Manifesto": "The Bourgeoisie，Due to the rapid improvement of all production tools，Due to the extremely convenient transportation，Involving all nations, even the most barbaric ones, into bet365 new user promo。The low prices of its goods，It is used to destroy all the Great Walls、The heavy artillery that conquered the most stubborn xenophobes of the barbarians。It forces all nations - if they do not want to perish - to adopt the bourgeois mode of production；It forces them to implement so-called bet365 new user promo in their own country，Become an asset owner。One sentence，It creates a world for itself in its own image。”“The bourgeoisie made the countryside submit to the rule of the cities。It founded huge cities，Making the urban population greatly increased compared to the rural population，Thus, a large part of the residents have been lifted out of the ignorance of rural life。Just as it subordinates the countryside to the city，It subordinates savage and semi-civilized nations to civilized nations，Making the nation of peasants subordinate to the nation of the bourgeoisie，Making the East subordinate to the West。”Marx’s assertion，Seize the general trend of world bet365 new user promo in the capitalist era，That is: driven by Western advanced productivity，Not only economical、Political and social development enters the track of capitalism，Civilized capitalist bet365 new user promo is also an irresistible trend。

Since entering the 20th century，bet365 new user promo exchanges follow navigation、The rapid advancement of aviation and extensive social exchanges，The most prominent thing is the rapid development of media technology，Intensified the exchanges of civilizations of various ethnic groups。Breakthroughs in digital technology have brought revolutionary leaps to bet365 new user promo communication，But it still has not changed the traditional paradigm of civilizational exchanges: the politics of strong bet365 new user promo、Economy、Military and cultural hegemony lead to the West overwhelming the East in civilizational exchanges、North overpowers South，Western bet365 new user promo often has discourse hegemony in international exchanges，The weak bet365 new user promo is being described、Adapted、Rewritten or even distorted status。Although the world’s decolonization process accelerated after World War II，Changing Africa、Asia、The political status of countries in Latin America，Emerging countries are gradually becoming more economically independent，Gradually getting rid of the oppression and plunder of Western powers，But in the exchange of civilizations in the digital age，Still in a state of aphasia。Politics、Economy、Weaknesses in military and other fields，It will inevitably be reflected in the process of civilizational exchanges；Weak bet365 new user promo is obscured、Rewritten、The distorted situation has not changed。

The concept of exchanges and mutual learning among world bet365 new user promo proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping，It is based on this realistic background，Response to pressing issues raised by history and reality。This is a concern，Not only in civilizational exchanges，And more focused on equal exchanges between bet365 new user promo。

　　Equal exchange is the prerequisite for mutual learning among bet365 new user promo

Unequal identity and status in exchanges between bet365 new user promo，It is a universal law in the era of globalization or the era of capitalist expansion，In the process of extending this topic，Differences between bet365 new user promo are gradually described as the root of conflicts and wars in the world pattern of the new historical period。

Reflections on the differences of civilizations，Western academic circles have already begun in the 18th and 19th centuries。The French thinker Guizot’s view of bet365 new user promo laid the core and basic understanding of bet365 new user promo in Western academic history。The view of bet365 new user promo in this period，It not only clarifies the unity of European bet365 new user promo，It also strengthens the difference between European bet365 new user promo and other civilizations in the world、Oppositionality，And take European bet365 new user promo as the standard，Eurocentrism that establishes the connotation and nature of bet365 new user promo。

As the crisis facing European society approaches，Academia in the 19th and 20th centuries began to reflect on and even subvert the Eurocentrism of criticism。Spengler refuted the customary view of Western cultural centrism in his book "The Decline of the West"，Believing that the era of revolving around Western bet365 new user promo "as the presumed center of all world events" is over。Toynbee further emphasized the diverse existence and development of human bet365 new user promo in his research，Believe that various human civilizations have their own basic laws，The reason for its rise and fall is whether it can solve the challenges between different civilizations。bet365 new user promo is also like an organism，To experience the origin、Growth、Four stages of decline and disintegration，Toynbee thinks，Each bet365 new user promo does not exist in isolation，but in contact with each other，Including contact between civilizations of the same era in space、Contact between civilizations of different eras in time。Jaspers also expanded the research object of bet365 new user promo to all regions of the world in "The Origin and Goal of History"，Proposes the view of the "Axial Age" of human bet365 new user promo。The research results of these Western scholars，Prominently puts forward the diversity of world civilizations，Expand horizons from Europe to all over the world、Civilizations of all ethnic groups；Proposed the question of the laws of the rise and fall of civilizations；Raised the issue of exchanges and contacts between civilizations。Should admit it，This is a huge progress in Western academics。

The progress of countries and civilizations around the world has intensified the crisis of Western bet365 new user promo。1993，Huntington proposed the conflict between different civilizations，Especially the possibility of conflict between Western bet365 new user promo and other civilizations in the world。1996，In the broad debate that has expanded from academia to the field of international politics，Huntington expanded this view into the book "The Clash of Civilizations and the Reconstruction of World Order"。The core idea of ​​​​the book is，The main and most dangerous aspect of emerging global politics will be the conflict between different civilizational blocs。He quoted Kissinger’s view of the six major forces in the world，Conclusion: "In this new world，Regional politics is the politics of race，Global politics is the politics of bet365 new user promo，The clash of civilizations replaces superpower competition。”Huntington’s views reveal the global identity crisis after the end of the Cold War，In the era of globalization in the broadest sense，When the ideological battle that lasted for nearly a century is temporarily over，After Fukuyama’s fantasy of the “end of history” of global capitalism was shattered，Beyond Country、Nationality、The public space in the area has not been formed，This moment，Return to the Nation、Race、Religion，Finally settled in bet365 new user promo，Become the inevitable destination。“In the post-Cold War world，Culture is a dividing force，Another unified force。”But，Huntington made a strategic division of this contradiction，He proposed: A main axis of world politics in the post-Cold War era is the interaction between Western power and culture and non-Western power and culture。This view，It is a continuation of the "me and not me" thinking that Western academics and political and strategic circles are accustomed to，It also reflects the involuntary choices made by Western political and strategic circles when facing crises。Obviously，This reaction reveals the basic relationship between regional civilizations in the world and Western bet365 new user promo since the era of globalization。This relationship is not just historical，Still existing in reality，Belongs to the present。

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations，Advocating the diversity of civilizations in the world、Equality、Inclusiveness，Advocating a sense of community with a shared future for mankind。Recognize the diversity of civilizations in the world，It is respect for the historical rationality of the development of civilizations of all ethnic groups；Emphasis on equality among civilizations，It emphasizes the values ​​of bet365 new user promo；To emphasize the inclusiveness of different civilizations，proposed the principle of coexistence of civilizations。Only on this basis，Only in this way can we achieve the goal of exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations，Only then can we realize the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind。

　(The author is the former branch party secretary bet365 new user promo Chinese Folk Writers and Artists Association、Vice Chairman)