The book summarizes and reflects on the research of township enterprises in the academic community at home and abroad since the 1990s，裒 Compiled a bet365 live casino games group of domestic scholars' in -depth analysis of the results，concentratedly shows the structural background and practical experience of the rise of the rising township enterprises in the social science.。Through these studies，Editor's attempt to present how township enterprises and collectives are rooted in the historical context of traditional social bet365 Play online games land transactions and local concepts，How the contemporary structural conditions activate the practical wisdom of the local society。