The exchange of bet365 online sports betting mobile is very important in the history of human civilization。Businessman、Envoy、Monks came to China carrying various exotic bet365 online sports betting mobile，Chinese camphor、Ginger、Cinnamon、Musk, etc. sold to West Asia。The spread of foreign medical skills and food in China，Zheng He’s fleet went as far as the Spice Horn to “Xuan Dehua” Somalia，Rouyuan people”。On the road of inclusive multiculturalism，Chinese and foreigners trade bet365 online sports betting mobile together，Added or changed the regional and cultural attributes of many bet365 online sports betting mobile。Spice cultural exchanges demonstrate the diversity and inclusiveness of human civilization。

　　Eastern and Western people pay attention to the value of bet365 online sports betting mobile

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the bet365 online sports betting mobile collected and used various aromatic plants。There are about 30 kinds of aromatic plants recorded in the Book of Songs。About "fragrance"，There are about 30 titles in bet365 online sports betting mobile characters，Expresses the different smells and characteristics of incense。

On the Southeast Asian Islands，Indigenous people make a living by incense，Use cardamom、Lilac、Pepper、Agarwood、Dipterocarps and Persia、Dashi、China、European traders exchange food、Ironware and other daily necessities。Spice becomes the “currency” of the islanders。The bet365 online sports betting mobile exported to the islands are worth a hundred times more，Become a source of wealth for businessmen，Businessmen are trying to fight for this、Transplanting、Introduction。On the Silk Road，People carry bet365 online sports betting mobile here and there；Fa Xian、Xuan Zang、Master Yijing witnessed the role of bet365 online sports betting mobile in religion、The wonderful effects of diet。

From West Asia to Somalia，Frankincense has been abundant since ancient times、Xun Luxiang、Benzoin、Storax and other bet365 online sports betting mobile。People worship gods with incense、Hospitality，Many people take incense as their “karma”。“Incense” is a “ritual vessel” in secular life。Darius I Period，The ancient Persians donated 1,000 talents of frankincense every year。The Babylonians in Herodotus’s eyes were covered with bet365 online sports betting mobile。

Although Europe is not the origin of precious bet365 online sports betting mobile，But Europeans have always had a strong interest in aromatic things，Never stopped pursuing “fragrance”。In ancient Roman and Greek cultures，It is popular to wear roses with strong fragrance、Lily、Ivy、Corolla made of laurel etc.。Eurasia is connected by land，Early Venice、Persia、The big food merchant puts pepper、Cinnamon and other bet365 online sports betting mobile were brought to Europe，Causing European interest in the use of these bet365 online sports betting mobile。

Visible，Fragrance science is the aesthetics of life。In different civilizations，Dietary seasoning、Medicine and health care、Xunyi Makeup、Fragrance environment、All religious sacrifices require bet365 online sports betting mobile，Fun in clothes、Wine and fun、Love in Tea、Fragrance is inseparable from the taste of a dish。

　　Eastern and Western bet365 online sports betting mobile constantly flowing on the Silk Road

Agarwood will be abundant、Sandalwood、Musk、Dipterocarps、Frankincense、Pepper、fennel、Cinnamon、Cardamom、Amomum villosum、Lilac、Ginger、Zanthoxylum bungeanum、Benzoin、Storaxianum、Lavender、Connecting the origins of roses and other bet365 online sports betting mobile，It is a vivid and wonderful picture of the “Belt and Road Initiative”。Attachment to the Silk Road，Spice has gradually become a bulk exchange item。Diverse entities transport and sell bet365 online sports betting mobile，Spice spread is persistent、Coherence and Extensibility。

Ports play an important role in the spread of bet365 online sports betting mobile between the East and the West。Merchants transported bet365 online sports betting mobile from northern and northeastern Africa to the East via Alexandria, Egypt。In West Asia，Chinese ships mostly load and unload cargo at the Siraf port in the Persian Gulf。Businessmen set out from the Persian Gulf，Go to Dhofar, Oman to buy frankincense，Go to Africa to buy ivory、Ambergris、Lilac，Pepper acquisition via the Malabar Coast of Southwest India、Sandalwood，Purchasing cardamom in Southeast Asia、borneol、Lilac、Agarwood and other bet365 online sports betting mobile，Finally came to China with a load of fragrant goods。In Southeast Asia，The Great Eater once used the spice-rich Kalah Island in Java as a commodity distribution center，There are constant ships from the island to ports in southeast China。

Since the Tang Dynasty established a shipping department in the southeast port to take charge of Chinese and foreign trade，"Let the barbarians pay tribute as a city"。From now on，borneol、Agarwood、Lilac、White cardamom and other bet365 online sports betting mobile were introduced to China with tribute envoys and merchants。Spice becomes liquid wealth。

Among the bet365 online sports betting mobile introduced to China during the Song Dynasty，Frankincense、Agarwood、The highest proportion of sandalwood。Song Gaozong said "The benefits of trading ships，Very helpful to the country”。The imperial court formulated many policies to encourage the spice trade。

Yuan Shizu pays attention to the mutual market，Appointed Pu Shougeng, a descendant of the big food merchant Pu Luoxin, as the Fujian Shipping Envoy。Tribute trade is still the mainstream。明时，In addition to ambergris produced in the West, it was introduced into bet365 online sports betting mobile in large quantities，The amount of pepper exported to bet365 online sports betting mobile is also immeasurable。Marco Polo said，Only 1% of the pepper shipped to Alexandria to supply Europe was shipped to Quanzhou。

To the Qing Dynasty，Portuguese、Holland、British covets the Chinese spice market，Compete with each other，Established triangular trafficking trade with China，Cutting down spice plants in the Southeast Asian archipelago，Try to transplant bet365 online sports betting mobile to other areas。

Chinese、Persian、Great cannibalism contributed to Mediterranean civilization、Exchanges between West Asian Civilization and Eastern Civilization。Chinese Han Dynasty quilt incense burner，Introduced to West Asia in the 13th century，Chinese incense burner standards and patterns also spread to other countries along the Silk Road。Overseas distillation and fragrance enhancement、Aromatherapy is introduced to bet365 online sports betting mobile；Chinese Incense Technique、Chinese Aromatherapy、Various types of incense burners and the traditional culture they contain spread to foreign countries。On the Silk Road dominated by the Chinese，Show peace、Compatible、The cultural connotation of win-win。Therefore，“Fragrance” has been given positive cultural meaning。

　　Integration of bet365 online sports betting mobile and foreign spice cultures

bet365 online sports betting mobile continue to be introduced into China from the Silk Road，China has gradually developed rich incense rituals、Incense offerings、Fragrance and health care、Steamed thirsty water (drink)，Even squandered a lot of incense。bet365 online sports betting mobile are widely spread outside the country，Localization achieved。People use incense to express their enjoyment of reality and their sustenance for beauty。Spice has become a carrier of cultural exchange and integration between China and foreign countries。

First，The food is rich in flavor due to the addition of various bet365 online sports betting mobile。Gaozhou Governor Fang Qianli "when he was in Fanfang, Guangzhou，Use molasses for food、Brain Musk"。Yue Ke said that foreigners’ meals are “sprinkled with rose dew”，Sanyibingnao”。Hu Sihui, the imperial doctor of the Yuan Dynasty, used mutton with grass fruits、Hui Hui Douzi、Zafran (red flower)、Turmeric、Pepper、Haxi mud (asafoetida) is made into "Ba'erbu Soup"。Kuang Fan, a man of the Ming Dynasty, created the "Material Method"。

Next，Exotic bet365 online sports betting mobile integrated into traditional Chinese medicine formula。Fragments of medical documents in Kucha unearthed in Kuqa, Xinjiang，Contains pepper、Long pepper、A three-spice oil commonly used in Indian Ayurveda composed of dried ginger。In the fragment of the Uighur "Hundred Prescriptions for the Treatment of Miscellaneous Diseases" unearthed from the ruins of the ancient city of Gaochang，Musk、honey、Cinnamon、Cardamom、Long pepper、Pepper、Vocabulary such as anise，Some originate from Sanskrit and Persian。Khotanese script from Dunhuang Sutra Cave、The Sanskrit bilingual manuscript "Jipo Shu" contains camphor powder、Great Agarwood Powder、Agarwood powder、Da Zhan Tan Powder、Zhan Tan Powder、Indian citrus aurantium、Magadha San、Dazi Xiangye Powder。The fragments of "Dazi Xiangye Powder" in Gandhara (Khalu) unearthed at the Loulan site are all bet365 online sports betting mobile and medicines。This can prove that the circulation of Chinese and Western bet365 online sports betting mobile has influenced ethnomedicine。

Li Xun of the Five Dynasties is of Persian descent，His "Sea Medicine Materia Medica" has new discoveries about the smell and indications of exotic bet365 online sports betting mobile，Corrected and supplemented errors and deficiencies in various documents。There are 30 kinds of foreign bet365 online sports betting mobile and medicines included in "Kaibao Materia Medica" in the early Song Dynasty。The Arabic medical prescription "Psoralen Prescription", "Persian Medical Prescription" and "Nisan Decoction" are included in Chinese medical literature。In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a Huihui Pharmacy that processed Huihui drugs。Ming and Qing Dynasties，Medical literature has an "aromatic door"。

　Finally，Foreign perfume culture is integrated into bet365 online sports betting mobile。Five years after Zhou Xiande (958)，Pu He, the envoy of Champa, brought 15 bottles of rose water as tribute to Hua。There is also a perfume called "Storax sesame oil" from the country of great food。Rose water can be used to prepare face powder，Sprinkle on clothes，Long-lasting fragrance，Cure people’s ailments。Northern Song Dynasty，The method of making this perfume is still very secret。Distilling and making rose water、Araq (Persian araq，Soju) technology spread rapidly after being introduced to bet365 online sports betting mobile。Jasmine、Henna、Paohua、Roses and other fragrant flowers and plants are used to distill fragrance。

Culture drives demand，Demand-boosted industry。Today，The global flavor and fragrance market continues to grow steadily，The global market size will be approximately US.2 billion in 2023。bet365 online sports betting mobile’s unique spice Litsea cubeba oil ranks first in the world in annual output，Annual export volume reaches about 400 tons；bet365 online sports betting mobile’s vanillin production accounts for about 60% of the world’s total production。

bet365 online sports betting mobile is the starting point and end point of the Silk Road from west to east。In the present，We also need to actively carry out dialogue between different civilizations，With the cultural connotation of the ancient Silk Road，Taking economics and trade as the basic approach，Respect different civilizations，Contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of Marxism, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications、Director of Baoding Ancient City bet365 online sports betting mobile Culture Museum)