Kant's "reason and intuitive"
January 14, 2020 08:41 Source: "China Social Sciences" January 14, 2020, No. 1857, author: Wang Jianjun

Contains two basic elements in human knowledge,Interesting and concepts。Kant believes that the two are both interconnected and independent。Concepts of connection as all experienced concepts are just a collection of "common marks",And these common marks are based on emotion,Sensors cannot think。Kant's "Die Intellektuelle Anschauung) If only as far as components,It is the connection of intuitive and concept,The concept of the so -called "Die Anschauuung Des Verstandes"。In fact,"Smart" and "Intellectual" are used in the same sense。But Kant also emphasized,This kind of reason and intuitive "synthesis" from intuitive and concepts is not the ability of human beings,Instead of God's ability to recognize。Therefore,When it corresponds to human intuition (perceptual intuitive and imaginative intuitive), it is called "intuitus originarius"; when it is corresponding to human intellectuality (inferring), it is called "" "Der Ursprüngliche Verstand"。

This kind of God with dual "origin" characteristics of God and intuitive "power",Because it can know the "unknown" itself (Ding An Sich)。But how did God do this? Kant believes that this problem is still unknown。But Kant after all, talking about God's sense of sense and intuition,Is this a bit contradictory? Actually,Kant's all the discussion about reason and intuitiveness is just made in the sense of "analogy"。In other bet365 Play online games words,His way of talking is based on the limitations of human cognitive methods to inference the intuitive "not what should not" and "how possible"。

Kant first emphasized,God's reason and intuitiveness should not be "discursivis",but should be "intactiv。"intuitive" means "to ... see" (AUFS Sehen),"inference" refers to thinking through some common signs (Merkmal) to think about an object; the former is direct,The latter has indirectness。The reason why human intellectuals are inferred,It is because this intellectual is under the circumstances that the emotional material is given,Put it in a specific concept,This concept is just a symbol that keeps the common signs、rules that are abandoned all the special things。For example,When we say "this is a flower",We are actually using the essence of the "flower" to replace this living individual。But is there any problem with this way of understanding? Question two。First,Human intellectuals are limited by sensuality while being limited,The result will cause human intellectuals to be unable to recognize itself。Specifically,Human intellectual as a concept (or rule) ability seems to be transcendence beyond perceptual,But the question is,Intellectual to do a certain knowledge,You must cooperate with emotional,Comprehensive unity of perceptual intuitive。Intellectuality will give this work from judgment to complete。Judgment Perseverance of Intellectual (Judgment Regulations),Time pattern (method appearance),Milk between pure intellectual concepts and sensual intuitive bet365 Play online games intuitive,Finally make a certain judgment。Time Framers while opening emotional and intellectual,Also limited to the form of emotional,Time conditions。The judgment made by the judgment can only be knowledge about phenomena,instead of knowledge about things itself。Second,Although human intellectuals can provide some universal concepts,But these concepts are not "overall",Therefore, when intellectual is facing nature,It cannot determine what are the special things that can be included in it and how can it be different,Therefore, these special things are completely accidental for it。This means,Human intellectuals never get rid of accidental features。

God's intellectuals will not occur these two problems。First,God's intellectual is not thinking,but reason and intuitive,No restrictions on time conditions。So,For God,Everything comes from the past、Now the things are the same as the future。This intuitive way has completely got rid of the limit of time,Therefore, it can directly insight into the "absolute internal" of "AUF EINMAL" in a concept (concept) manner,so as to achieve the understanding of the object itself。Next,The intellectual of God is to make sense and intuitive through "ideas"。The concept is reflection in human beings,But I am intuitive in God,Because God's concept is the "prototype" of all things,Is "the subjective condition of the possibility of things itself",Intellectus Originarius of God (Intellectus Originarius) is intuitive to be rational。The fundamental feature of human intellectuality Bet365 app download is thinking,The essence of thinking lies in constructing some concepts based on "limit" and "abstraction",So what human intellectual actuality is followed by a piece from concept to intuitive,That is, from "Analytisch-Allgemeinen" to the way to know the line of things。Compared with this,God's reason and intuitive obey is a "synthetic" (that is, "the" intuitive universal "of an overall itself").。Kant thinks,Because God's concept itself is "absolute overall",It is completely different from the "accidental unity" provided by human intellectuality for perceptual miscellaneous mixed,Therefore, God's reason and intuition can directly achieve the real overall,This fundamentally avoids accidental problems that appear in human intellectuals。Of course,Human intellectuality also hopes to achieve the real overall,Because it can put everything accidentally under a certain rule,But unfortunately, there is only reflection judgment in its toolbox,and the reactional judgment power reached only the overall "seem" (als ob) meaning。

Kant specifically speculated about reason and intuition from the perspective of "not what should not be",Also, think about it from the perspective of "possible"。In his opinion,reasonable and intuitive reason why he can "innate" recognizes the absolute internal internal (the object itself),In addition to reason and intuition is a innate intuitive way,Because God is the creator of all things (Urheber)。On the other hand,,The reason why all the limited existence cannot know him from himself,Because they are not the creator of his things,bet365 live casino games So they can only know the phenomenon of things。Kant takes the "garden" as an example to analyze this。He pointed out,Human intellectuals can imagine a garden in the thoughts through a pre -drafted solution,But this congenital understanding is limited to things within the scope of our activity,For those things outside of this range,We must use experience; but God's intellectuals are different from this,God, as the "original essence", is the basis of all possibilities,All the existence depends on it、It comes from it,Therefore, God must know everything that possible things,and know them like things itself。In the metaphor of this "garden",Kant actually "analogy" created by God created by the garden built by humans。Between these two "gardens",At least one thing is common,That is, they all come from the creation of the creator,And so can be recognized by the creator congenital。But the two also have different things,Because in human gardens,Only the form of the garden,In God's Garden,Created includes both forms and materials。The material created by God (that is, the existence of all things) is the basis of human perceptual intuitive,It can also be said to be a "prior material"。Kant and then point out,This strong manner where God created the world comes from God's "Rathschlu? 覻)。In his opinion,God knows everything possible,As long as he realizes himself; God knows all the reality,As long as he realizes his "decision"。

In God's Creation,One thing is very unique,This is human freedom。Freedom is the priority of human Bet365 lotto review moral behavior.。But human beings due to their second weights (at the same time as members of the emotional world and the world),It can be good or evil,This means that reason and intuitive knowledge of people will face huge uncertainty。Kant pointed out,If there is a difficulty here,So this seems to be: how God can know the future free action。The solution he gives is: Actually,Not only the existence of the future can act freely,The current existence is also possible,So the problem of how God knows people's freedom of people should not be attributed to the issue of time。In other words,Past、Now、Future differences,Just relative to human knowledge,Humans must "see" a free action,Then I can talk about knowing the action。But God's intellectual is different from this,God only needs to "realize" the possibility of himself is the possibility of all things,You can realize this way to recognize all free actions,Whether it is the present or the future。

After Kant,Reason and Audio became the most important means of Fisht's "absolute self" and Xie Lin's "absolute identity"。Basically consistent with Kant is,Their and intuitive subject of their reason is still the absolute person。To Husserl,Reason and intuitive are replaced by "essential intuition",But the basic component of the latter is still the two elements of intuition and concept,Different is,The subject with intuitive intuition is no longer the absolute person,but humans。But,In essence and intuition, even if it can provide the so -called "essential" understanding,bet365 live casino games But it is no longer possible to have the power of creating the object of creating objects。

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