When talking about calligraphy，Zhu Guangqian both emphasizes the practical function of calligraphy，Pay attention to the cultivation of "muscles skills" of calligraphy writing，It also strengthened the artistic aesthetic function of calligraphy，Give calligraphy more aesthetic connotation。So，In the process of building a calligraphy realm，Start from multiple dimensions such as "Technology", "Art" and "Personality"，Divide Chinese calligraphy into four realms: "defect", "stability", "alcohol" and "Huajing"，On the one hand, it shows the inherent logic of Chinese calligraphy from "technology" to "art" and breakthrough，On the other hand, the value and significance of Chinese calligraphy in writing technology and art aesthetics。

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Chinese calligraphy has never been conscious to consciousness，From "Nature Display" to the "Interesting Drawing" stage，Pay great attention to the imitation of the character handwriting or the handed down inscription。People can see the "scale law" in the calligraphy works of "naturally revealing"，So use this "scale method" creative calligraphy。As for the purpose of imitation，It is to develop "muscle skills" that is in line with "scale"。Zhu Guangqian believes: "All kinds of art have their own special muscle skills ...，It is necessary to first learn its special muscle skills。"for this，In the process of building a calligraphy realm，Discussion is not limited to the art field of art，Instead, it is given "defect" and "stability" in the practical stage of calligraphy technology to pay the same attention。According to Zhu Guangqian's point of view，If only calligraphy bet365 best casino games works in the "defect" and "stability" are concerned，They do not have art aesthetic functions，Not enough to call art。but，If the process of creation of the entire calligraphy art，"defect" and "stability" have a vital role in the art creation of calligraphy，It is the cornerstone that promotes calligraphy from the stage of writing to art creation and aesthetics.。So，Zhu Guang potentially built the theory of calligraphy realm，Taking "defective" and "stability" as an indispensable link，It is believed that if nothing or ends from "defective" to "stability", the writing technique or "muscle skills"，It is really difficult to enter the artistic level of calligraphy。

In fact，Zhu Guangqian emphasizes the importance of writing techniques or "muscle skills" cultivation，The root cause is that he does not agree with the view of "artistic performance" represented by Crozi，I believe that this view does not realize the place where the creation exceeds appreciation。In his opinion，"Appreciation and creation must be intuitive; appreciation can stop when appreciating as long as the image is intuitive，Creation must go further，Try this image into a specific work，Communicate to others to see "。For the creation of calligraphy art，The image intuitively to a certain word is just the beginning of creation -appreciation，The recipe for conveying this image is the completion of creation。As for the key to convey, it is the "muscle skills" written。According to Zhu Guangqian's understanding，The so -called calligraphy art creation，But the image that people intuitively in the heart can dominate the "muscle movement" of its wrist，Then use the "muscles movement" of the wrist to make the brush of the brush write the image of the word on the paper。

Of course，Zhu Guangqian is not satisfied with the font presented by the "defective"。In his opinion，Although a certain Bet365 app download word can be written in the "defect"，But because "the use of the wrist cannot be free，So ... the word is often crooked，Bi Feng is often awkward and twisted "。So，He pays great attention to the twist tube、Fighting and other writing methods，Zhengfeng、Tibetan Feng、center、partial front、Invisibility, etc.，Pillow wrist、Cultivation and training of wrist methods such as the wrist and "separate cloth" and other chapters。In his opinion，If you want to enter the "stability" from "defective"，It must be learned in accordance with these brushes、Chapter method and other "scale method" "muscle skills"。As for how to learn these "muscle skills"，Zhu Guangqian believes that the pen is needed、Chapters and other abstract "scale method" are put into specific works to figure out，Through constant imitation training，Sink the "scale method" written in the wrist into the muscles of the wrist，From the intentional imitation to the unintentional imitation，"Bargaining Skills" that gradually develops "scales"。Because of this，Zhu Guangqian attaches great importance to the imitation of the character handwriting or the handed down inscription，The purpose of imitation is to develop the "muscle skills" written。This can be seen，imitation and the "muscle skills" learned through imitation played a vital role in promoting calligraphy from "defective" to "stability"。but，This role is limited to the practical aspect of calligraphy，is the acquisition of "technical" (calligraphy writing skills)，instead of "Art" (Calligraphy Art Aesthetic),。From Zhu Guangqian's view，Imitation is only the foundation of the artistic creation of calligraphy，Not enough to create，Can't show the artistic aesthetic function of calligraphy。

　　"Art "'s demonstration and breakthrough: from" alcohol "to" Huajing "

Although compared to Bet365 app download "defective"，The "muscle skills" written in "Stability" are more skilled，The written handwriting written is also more in line with "scale law"，But it is still a mediocre realm，The practical phase of calligraphy。If you want to turn from "Technical" to "Art" to turn and break through，The artistic creation and aesthetic stage of reaching calligraphy，Outside the tame "筋"，Say another time，To obtain the "alcohol" and even "realm" of calligraphy。In other words，Only the imitation is finally implemented in creation，can we really enter the artistic aesthetic hall of calligraphy。

For the artistic creation of calligraphy works，Zhu Guangqian believes that the "stability" has never been imitated，Keep the font that has been completed without seeking changes。In his opinion，To avoid these shortcomings，You need to go further on the basis of "stability"，Try to try Tangbei one after another、Six Dynasties Monument Edition、Hanli Qinye and even Jinwenjobu and other different calligraphy styles，Then fusion of the strengths of various styles，to gradually expand your realm、"Tendon Skills" gradually mature，to form your own style，Da to "Alcohol"。In this process，Calligraphy creators will consciously move their personalities and interests into the image of the character that I feel intuitive，The fit through the combination of "interest" and "image" generates a taste or emotion with subjective aesthetic image。then，In the process of art creation，With the "muscle skills" written, this interest or emotion with subjective aesthetic images "shoots" into changes in text writing，Traces of ink coats that have no life and interesting horizontal hooks that have no life and interests can show the personality and taste of writing creators，to create its own unique style，Make the characters with "bone force", "posture" bet365 best casino games and "Shen Yun"。That is to say，With the conformity of "interest" and "image"，Such calligraphy works have been transferred from the technical practical stage of calligraphy to the art aesthetic field of calligraphy。

But，Calligraphy works in "Alcohol" still fail to completely get out of the scope of "craftsman" to reach the highest state of calligraphy。From Zhu Guangqian's view，To reach the highest state of Chinese calligraphy- "Huajing"，Realize the breakthrough of "art"，Calligraphy creators In addition to working hard to cultivate the "muscle skills" and artistic accomplishment，Still "another more important kung fu in all aspects of character knowledge"。This means，Where Zhu Guangqian，Personal cultivation plays a very important role in increasing the artistic aesthetic value of calligraphy works。This kind of emphasis on personality cultivation，It shows that on the issue of the relationship between art and morality，Zhu Guangqian opposes the point of view of art and morality completely splitting art and morality in the form of aesthetics represented by Crozi。Although Zhu Guangqian also acknowledged "the intuition in the moment of the aesthetic experience has no direct relationship with morality"，But before and after the formation of beauty experience，He believes that morality has a very important impact on art，Able to specify the intuitive direction of the artist's intuition or the value judgment of the value of art works。Push it for this，If a person wants to have great achievements in calligraphy，must have "superb personality" and "mature mind learning"。Because，According to Zhu Guangqian's point of view，Calligraphy creators can further increase the charm of words with their own "superb personality cultivation", "mature mind -learning", "skilled muscle skills" and "mature artistic cultivation".bet365 live casino games ，Make characters not only can see the skillful "muscle skills" of calligraphy creators，It can also show "superb personality"。Visible，As far as the calligraphy works in "Huajing" are concerned，Calligraphy has essentially "beyond the scope of art and the personality of the whole person and even the entire universe"。This breakthrough on "art"，Make the artistic aesthetic value and function of calligraphy works in "Huajing" far exceeds the functions of calligraphy works in the "alcohol"，is no longer limited to the emotion of the calligraphy creator or admiror through the fit of "interest" and "image"，Can show the author’s personality with calligraphy works，Realize "Beauty" guide "good"、The purpose of "good" with "beauty"。Therefore，Calligraphy works in this realm are also Bao Shichen、Kang Youwei and others are called "Shenpin", "Magic Products", etc.。

In short,，Zhu Guang has not split the technical and practical function and artistic aesthetic function of calligraphy in the process of built the theory of calligraphy realm，Instead, it is given "muscular skills", "image of interest" or "interesting of image" and "personality cultivation" with the same attention，and start from multiple dimensions such as "Technology", "Art", "Personality"，Building calligraphy realm theory，Revealing the inner logic of Chinese calligraphy from "technology" to "art" and breakthroughs。but，Zhu Guang potentially discuss the thoughts of Chinese calligraphy aesthetics，Just as artistic, calligraphy，I didn't talk about calligraphy with calligraphy。So，Zhu Guangqian's calligraphy realm is just the expansion of its aesthetic thought，His purpose is to use calligraphy as an example to prove the correctness of his aesthetic principles，instead of clarifying the unique aesthetic characteristics and functions of Chinese calligraphy。

　(This article is the major project of the National Social Science Fund "Zhu Guangqian、Zong Baihua、Fangdong Aesthetic Thoughts and Tongcheng Culture (17zda018) phased results)

(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Suzhou University)