In China's administrative management system，"Mansion Relations" is divided into two categories: vertical inter -government relations and horizontal government relations。Horizontal government relations means the relationship between local governments，On the basis of "administrative decentralization" and "economic decentralization"，Local governments actively "competition" for "growth"。Competition between local governments is a double -edged sword: on the one hand, it has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of the local government，promoted economic and social development; on the other hand, it also degraded "efficiency" and "welfare"。So，Horizontal government cooperation is the best way to coordinate between local governments。but，Cooperation will not easily reach。Based on existing literature，Research on the issue of inter -government cooperation should establish an analysis framework for the influencing factors of the government cooperation，In -depth analysis of "resource dependence", "transaction cost", "sharing of interests", "actor" and "trust", the influence factors and logic associations in the process of government cooperation。

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Resource dependence theory is an important theory of organizational theory，The premise assumes that the resources required for the survival of the organization cannot be self -sufficient，Therefore, we must interact with the environment，Exchange resources。Resource dependence between organizations depends on three factors: the importance of resources、bet365 live casino games The alternative of resources、The utilization rate of resources。Inter -government cooperation will inevitably involve resource exchange，At the same time, it is also deeply affected by the dependence of natural resources。China's local governments are highly homogeneous。Local governments at the same level are equivalent to administrative power，But in terms of resource dependence, it is not equal。

Whether the local government's dependence on resources is symmetrical，Resource exchange and integration are all imminent。The reality of survival and development needs to promote cooperation between local governments，Smelling resource shortcomings。For example，Natural resources between regions、Education Resources、Technology resources、Human resources and other aspects are large differences，Inter -government cooperation is conducive to resource flow，Make mutual benefit and benefit of local governments。So，Whether resource dependence determines whether local governments need cooperation，The degree of resource dependence determines the possible scope of cooperation between local governments、Space and degree，Whether the resource dependence depends symmetrically determines whether the cooperation between local governments is equivalent or not。

　　Transaction cost: Real reason for the dilemma of horizontal government cooperation

"Transaction cost" is the category and analysis tool of the most theoretical basic significance of the new institutional economics。Cos first discovered "transaction cost"，But he did not have the decisive factor on the cost of transaction、Nature、How to measure, etc. For further research。After Cos，The main contribution to the theory of transaction costs is mainly the main is the new institutional economist Oliver Williamson。Williamson thinks，Transaction cost is the core of studying economic organizations。bet365 best casino games Transaction costs mainly depend on three key factors: assets exclusive、Uncertainty and transaction frequency。Any organization's activities will generate transaction costs，Government organization is no exception。Local government cooperation process will inevitably generate various "transaction costs" for reaching cooperation。The higher the transaction cost of cooperation between local governments，The more likely the possibility of cooperating to produce "friction" and "risk"，The more it is not easy to achieve in cooperation。

Transaction costs lead to the predicament of local governments may face severe government collective operations。According to the institutional collective action theory of institutional collective action of Richard Philipkak and others，The transaction cost of inter -government cooperation can be divided into two stages: before the inter -government cooperation with the formal cooperation。Trading costs before the government cooperation，Including information cost、Coordination cost and negotiation costs; transaction costs in inter -government cooperation，Including execution costs、Supervision cost and agency cost。Institutional collective operation is the "adhesive" of inter -government cooperation，Under this framework，Fragmented local governments can also effectively cooperate。The cooperation mechanism includes a voluntary participation mechanism and relying on high -level authoritative mechanisms，The former includes informal networks、Contract、Authorized Agreement、Working Group、Partnership、Constructing the network; the latter includes multiple self -organization systems、Government Committee、Regional authority。

　　Basement of interest: The balance mechanism of horizontal government cooperation

"Equipment sharing" is the fundamental purpose bet365 live casino games of inter -government cooperation。The interest sharing mechanism of the inter -government cooperation includes the "co -prosperous interests", "interest distribution", "interest balance" of cooperation。"Comparative interests" is the cohesion of inter -government cooperation。but，"Compassion interest" is not necessarily ready，Non -inter -government cooperation parties are constantly negotiating、Consultation、Ending and other interactions is difficult to achieve。If you want to promote cooperation，It is not enough to pay attention to "common prosperity interests"，It also needs to be distributed in interests、Cost -sharing establish strict cooperation rules。

Clear definition of cost and cooperation income is the first condition for cooperation。The expected income of cooperation is not only determined，and stable。So，In the design stage of cooperation，Need to estimate the "cost -gain" of partners in cooperation in cooperation。Can local governments be smooth、Continuous cooperation depends on whether it can clearly and effectively divide costs and benefits。"Balance of interests" is also important for inter -government cooperation。In addition to considering "absolute gain"，We must also measure "relative gain"，Relators is a sufficient condition for cooperation。Relative performance evaluation is used as an important mechanism for the political selection of party cadres。Promoting incentive drive officials compete with each other，generate neighborhood effect，Based on this can make relative performance evaluations for officials。So，Relative performance is the key mechanism for official promotion。The interest balance mechanism is also indispensable，Compensation for interests for the relative damage party caused by the interests caused by the cooperation of the government。Interest bet365 live casino games balance mechanism includes such as negotiation of interests、Interest compensation、Interest dispute mediation、Interest transfer mechanism、interest sharing mechanism, etc.。

　　Actionmen: The dominant force of horizontal government cooperation

Inter -government cooperation actors include local governments、Central Government and Policy Entrepreneurs。In the inter -government cooperation，Local governments are core actors，The superior government also plays an important role，Policy Entrepreneurs are an important promoter for inter -government cooperation。

The Central Government is the "First Action Group" for the governance bet365 live casino games of inter -government cooperation。It plays the maker of the rules of cooperation、​​Supervisor executed in cooperation、Role of the Rules and Coordinator of Cooperative Controversy。After decentralization, let's benefit，Local government becomes the "First Action Group" for the government cooperation，It has an independent behavioral mode and self -interest behavior target。Even if the local government is in a state of self -interest，There are enough economic incentives and political incentives to carry out cooperation，Get cooperation remaining。

Policy entrepreneurs are those who are willing to invest in their various resources，People who exchange for future policy they favor。They may be out of private interest，It may also be public interest。As far as policy issues are concerned，Policy entrepreneurs try to attract the attention of everyone to the focus event; as far as policy suggestions are concerned，Policy Entrepreneurs are essential for softening process;、Political Stream、Policy flow combination is combined in terms of three people，Policy Entrepreneurs appear in time when the window is opened，Gather the three -stock source flow。Inter -government cooperation is also a policy process，The interests of policies and entrepreneurs are often embedded in inter -government cooperation，bet365 Play online games Inner power drives them to run for cooperation。

　　Trust: Cultural momentum of horizontal government cooperation

Trust promotion cooperation，It is a deep spiritual and cultural factors in the inter -government cooperation。Contemporary China，"Trust" has become a scarce resource，Whether it is between people、Between enterprises and enterprises，Or between the government and the government。"Trust Crisis" is not alarmist，but a daily cultural psychological state。Social trust is both a social psychology，It is a kind of culture or civilization。It is a lubricant running in the socialist market economy，It is also a market entity reduced transaction costs、Reduce the adhesive of conflict towards cooperation。Inter -government cooperation is inseparable from the construction of social trust mechanisms and the construction of social civilization。Good social trust mechanism can reduce transaction costs，Enhanced information sharing，Create value for transaction relations。Trust is an important source of competitive advantage。

Different stages of cooperation，The dominant trust mode will change。In the early stage of cooperation，Mainly computing trust、Institutional trust and contract type trust; in the middle of the cooperation，It mainly focuses on capable and cognitive trust; and in the later stage of cooperation，It mainly focuses on individual trust and emotional trust。Inter -government cooperation begins to a certain degree of trust。Partners mainly through sharing information、Share knowledge、Show ability、Establishing trust in good willingness and continuous follow -up，On the contrary，Failure to continue to follow up or unilateral action will destroy trust。So，During the inter -government cooperation process，Both work hard to build trust、Reinforcement trust，It is also necessary to prevent and reduce the elements of destructive trust。

　　(This article is the "Research on the Coordination Mechanism of the Jiangsu Local Government Coordination Mechanism" (2016zdaxm004)

(Author Unit: Suzhou University of Science and Technology)