Papermaking and compass、Gunpowder、Movable type printing is also known as the "four great inventions" in ancient China，Making important contributions to the progress and development of human civilization。However, for a long time，About the invention of papermaking，And whether bet365 refer a friend code was the inventor or improver of papermaking，Academic circles are engaged in lawsuits，No conclusion yet。

Since the 1930s，Although many batches of "ancient paper" (some are called "paper-like objects") have been unearthed one after another，Scholars also believe that plant fiber paper and linen paper existed in the Western Han Dynasty，But is Cai Lun the inventor of papermaking，How to understand the historical records of Cai Lun’s invention of papermaking，This still needs clarification。actually，Whether papermaking originated in the Western Han Dynasty or the Eastern Han Dynasty，Is Cai Lun the inventor or improver of papermaking，The invention of papermaking was closely related to the mainstream academic culture at that time - Confucian bet365 refer a friend code，Have an extremely close relationship。This point has long been ignored by scholars，To clarify this issue, multidisciplinary cooperation is required，Work together，In this way, we can achieve greater breakthroughs。

　　Era background: the cultural pattern of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty

"The Han Dynasty was an era of prosperity and prosperity for Confucian bet365 refer a friend code"，Since Emperor Wu "deposed hundreds of schools"，After “exclusively respecting Confucianism”，Confucian bet365 refer a friend code are popular in the world，Rapid development，So much so that "Confucian bet365 refer a friend code were learned since the Han Yuan Dynasty (Emperor)、Cheng (Emperor) to the Later Han Dynasty，For the most prosperous era...the prime minister must use scholars，Started by Han Wu，yuan、Chengji Guangwu、Ming、The chapter continues its track" (Pi Xirui's "History of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code")。As the mainstream ideological and cultural form of the Han Dynasty，The impact of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code on the politics of the society at that time、Culture、It has had an important impact in academic and other aspects，Gradually penetrate into all aspects of social life。It’s worth noting，Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in Han Dynasty is not just a science，And it is the scholars who change the destiny、Channels and tools for entering official career，Common knowledge of bet365 refer a friend code was an important criterion for talent selection at that time，Confucian bet365 refer a friend code developed into the study of profit and wealth，So at that time, there was a "legendary golden manchuan" in Zoulu area，Not as good as a single classic" ("Hanshu Biography of Wei Xian")。

The unique status and influence of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty，Making papermaking inextricably linked to Confucian bet365 refer a friend code and Han Dynasty scholarship，Researchers have noticed this。For example, the Japanese scholar Shigeru Shimizu's "The Invention of Paper and the Style of Study in the Later Han Dynasty" ("Collected Works of Shigeru Shimizu's Sinology"，Zhonghua Book Company 2003 edition)、Zha Pingqiu "Replacement of Paper Slips and New Changes in Literature in the Han, Wei, and Early Jin Dynasties" ("Chinese Social Sciences" Issue 5, 2005)、Liu Yuejin "The Wide Application of Paper and the Rise and Fall of bet365 refer a friend code in Han and Wei Dynasties" ("Academic Forum" Issue 9, 2008), etc.，Both have made a relatively comprehensive and in-depth discussion on the impact of the invention of papermaking on the academic thought and culture of the Han Dynasty，It helps to deepen people’s knowledge and understanding of the scholarship of the Han Dynasty，We can also see the close relationship between papermaking and Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty。

Generally speaking，The invention and improvement of papermaking，Including Cai Lun’s invention of “Cai Hou Paper”，All were brewed and produced under the background of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty，Influenced by the academic culture of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty，This is for sure。

　　Direct bet365 refer a friend code: the practical need to eliminate complexity and simplify

The "Caihou Paper" invented by Cai Lun is the "earliest" paper recorded in historical documents。"Book of the Later bet365 refer a friend code: Biography of Cai Lun" records: "Since ancient times, many deeds have been compiled with bamboo slips，Those who use silk are called paper。Expensive but simple and heavy，Not convenient for people。Lun is a creative idea，Use tree skin、Mat head and poor cloth、Fishing nets are considered paper。Presented to the first year of Yuanxing，The emperor is good at what he can do，There is no reason not to use it，Therefore the world is called "Cai Hou Paper"。"It is also recorded in "The Biography of Cai Lun" in Volume 18 of "Dongguan Hanji"，The content is roughly the same。Two books record of Cai Lun’s invention of papermaking，Recognized by many scholars，For example, Cao Tiansheng, an expert on the history of paper, believes: “Cai Lun invented papermaking，No matter from the literature、From the meaning of invention，It is still true from the perspective of logical inference...Cai Lun based on people's exploration and invention of papermaking in the past，The real invention of successful papermaking，Is the real inventor of papermaking。” (Cao Tiansheng, “Cai Lun, the Inventor of Papermaking: Debate and Epistemological Significance”，2020 "Proceedings of the 19th Academic Annual Conference of the Chinese Papermaking Society")

Then，Cai Lun was serving as the eunuch of Xiaohuangmen，What was his motivation and purpose for inventing or improving papermaking？People often notice that "the clothes are expensive but simple and heavy"，It is not a practical and convenient purpose that is convenient for people，ignoring a deeper social and cultural reason，That is, bamboo slips as writing materials limit the circulation and dissemination of bet365 refer a friend code texts，The rapid development of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Eastern Han Dynasty urgently needs to be more portable and accessible、Convenient writing、A writing carrier that carries more content，This is the deep-seated motivation behind Cai Lun’s invention of papermaking。This is exactly what Joseph Needham summarized in the book "History of Chinese Science and Technology"，The reason why paper was originally invented or utilized in the cultural environment of China rather than Europe，One of the reasons is that the public is generally demanding better writing materials。

The bet365 refer a friend code of the Eastern Han Dynasty were dominated by Botong，Scholars also pursued this，But as the scribes repeatedly elaborated and extended the meaning of the scriptures，The cumbersome issues of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code have increasingly attracted the attention of scholars。Emperor Guangwu once issued an edict: "The Five bet365 refer a friend code has many chapters and sentences，Discussing the need to reduce costs。" ("Book of the Later Han·Zhang Di Ji") Unfortunately, the results were very little.。With the vigorous development of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code，The study of chapters and sentences is becoming more and more complicated，Add family law、Limitations of the Master’s Law，There are "several families of bet365 refer a friend code"，Everyone has a lot to say，If there are many chapters and sentences, it may be more than a million words，Apprentices work hard but achieve little，The phenomenon of being suspicious but not correct" ("Book of the Later Han·Zheng Xuan Biography")，This puts a great burden on scholars to master bet365 refer a friend code knowledge。So，From the middle to late Eastern Han Dynasty，Scholars are increasingly demanding that the bet365 refer a friend code be simplified and simplified，This is also in line with the development trend of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code。Luoyang as the politics of the Eastern Han Dynasty、Economy、Cultural Center，Academic and cultural prosperity，Developed education，I have ideals、A holy place for study tours for aspiring scholars。The highest academic institution at that time, Taixue, was located in Luoyang。

Many scholars want to increase their knowledge through study tours，Get career opportunities，Usually leaving home，Traveling far away，Economic responsibility、Psychological and other aspects of pressure。Therefore，They are naturally disgusted with the cumbersome bet365 refer a friend code and scriptures，Hope to master the core essence of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in a short period of time，So simplify the meaning、Opposition to the study of numerous chapters and sentences has become the direction of development of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code。In terms of the carrier of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty，Before Cai Lun invented or improved papermaking，Mainly bamboo slips and silks，Slips are larger and heavier than paper，Inconvenient to write and carry，"Book of the Later Han Dynasty: Biography of Cai Yong" says that Cai Yong had a rich collection of books，“The data-carrying vehicle and Wang Can”。In addition, the main modes of travel in the Han Dynasty were to walk or ride horses，This further increases the inconvenience for scholars to carry books while traveling。

Although silk is light，Writing is also easy，But expensive，Hard to get，Not available to ordinary people。Carrying scriptures、The inconvenience of circulation and the cumbersome elaboration of classic meanings are not conducive to the study of scholars and the dissemination of bet365 refer a friend code knowledge，Therefore, no matter whether scholars study in culturally developed areas，After studying abroad, he will serve as a local official or return to his hometown to teach students，There is an urgent need for the scriptures to be simplified and simplified。The reality of “expensive but simple and heavy” can no longer meet people’s cultural needs。It is for this reason，The "Book of the Later Han·Cai Lun Biography" says: "Since ancient times, most deeds have been compiled with bamboo slips，Those who use silk are called paper，Expensive but simple and heavy，Not convenient for people。”Based on this motive，Cai Lun creatively invented "Cai Hou Paper"。

After the death of Emperor He of the Han Dynasty，Emperor Shang later died，An Di is young，Empress Dowager Deng comes to court，She attaches great importance to the organization and revision of documents，So I ordered Confucian scholars and good historians to go to Dongguan to prepare books，Zhengding Sutra，The person responsible for supervision is Cai Lun。Empress Dowager Deng chose to put Cai Lun in charge，Except for political considerations，The main reason is that Cai Lun is quite accomplished in Confucian bet365 refer a friend code，Have a full understanding of the actual situation and cumbersome shortcomings of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code。It can be said，The current situation of the development of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the late Eastern Han Dynasty is consistent with Cai Lun’s motivation for inventing papermaking。

　　Underlying motivation: the employment system of recruiting scholars based on the bet365 refer a friend code

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty，Confucian bet365 refer a friend code has become the dominant ideology and official scholarship，Proficiency in Confucian bet365 refer a friend code became the main condition for becoming an official in the Han Dynasty，Confucianism also developed into the mainstream academic discipline in the Han Dynasty，Confucian bet365 refer a friend code have developed rapidly，The official selection system at that time、Economic Policy、Legal system、Disaster relief measures、Ethnic policies, etc.，All of them are shining with the "shadow" of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code。Plus，The imperial examination system was the most important way and way to advance as an official in the Han Dynasty，It is also the main body of the official selection system，Closely related to Confucian bet365 refer a friend code，Even a special Ming Jing subject，Check out talents who are proficient in Confucian bet365 refer a friend code。The imperial court’s baton for recruiting scholars，Directly promoted the prosperity of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty and the pursuit of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code by scholars。

Confucian bet365 refer a friend code as a study of profit，It is the only way for scholars in the Han Dynasty to enter the official career，The long-standing phenomenon of using bamboo and wood slips as writing materials and text carriers，Severely affected scholars’ study of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code，It is also not conducive to collection and circulation。With the development of social economy and culture，The increasing accumulation and enrichment of classical knowledge，Scholars urgently need a simpler writing material，To meet their needs for classical learning。Cai Lun relied on his special identity and status in the court，Have access to upper-level rulers and a large number of Confucian scholars，Well aware of their difficulties in studying Confucian bet365 refer a friend code，I deeply feel the inconvenience of writing slips，So "Cai Hou Paper" was invented。

In summary，The invention of papermaking is closely related to the Confucian bet365 refer a friend code of the Han Dynasty，It was the cultural background and academic characteristics of Confucian bet365 refer a friend code in the Han Dynasty that gave rise to the invention of "Caihou Paper"，Not aware of this，It is impossible to truly clarify the historical truth of the invention of papermaking。This also enlightens us，The purpose of academic research is not only to reveal the truth of history，It also aims to explore and reveal the underlying underlying motivations behind social phenomena。

　　(This article is a phased result of the Youth Project of the National Social Science Fund "Research on the Construction of the Text of "Qianfu Theory" and the Evolution of Academic Evolution of the Eastern bet365 refer a friend code" (20CZW027)

(Author’s unit: College of Liberal Arts, Inner Mongolia Normal University)