Since the birth of Chinese bet365 sign up offer,Reproduction goes hand in hand,Greatly promoted the spread of bet365 sign up offer。With the development and changes of media,Novel has become a literary resource and speaking object for various emerging media。Follow,The reproduction of bet365 sign up offer has also become a unique landscape in Chinese literary and artistic production,Development throughout Chinese history,Especially in the contemporary era, it bursts with unprecedented vitality。
Reproduction of Classical bet365 sign up offer
As early as the Han Dynasty when the form of the novel was initially formed,Reproduction as a communication method of bet365 sign up offer has been formed。"Hanshu·Yiwenzhi·Zhuzilue" written by Ban Gu compiles the "novel" of the Han Dynasty,Although the original and miraculous theories recorded by the alchemists,There is still a long way to go with the real novel style,However, relying on the authoritative capital of the intellectual elite,These are selected,The so-called quasi-novel of "eliminating the clutter" and "eliminating the weeds" has entered the orthodox discourse system。Despite the name of "little way" and "no gentleman",The novel is reproduced through compilation,The uniqueness of the style is confirmed and spread。
To the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties period,A large number of literati have joined the novel creation team,A large number of bet365 sign up offer have emerged,The influence of the novel gradually takes shape。As generations change,Due to the huge differences in language expression,Copying and copying as a form of novel communication can no longer meet the acceptance needs of the times,The meaning and value of reproduction begin to emerge,The format has also changed from simple compilation to annotations with reading aid function。This annotation is not a translation of the novel,Instead, it adds background to the text、Content correction, etc.,It is a re-creation on the receiving level。For example, Liu Xiaobiao's "New Notes on Shishuo",Four hundred and seventy-five quotes from ancient books,Supplement historical data on the background of the characters in the novel,Make the text and notes form an intertextual relationship,Highlight character characteristics。Due to the comparison of character descriptions quoted from different documents,In terms of the subject of literati creation and the subject of literati acceptance,Undoubtedly deepens the understanding of the stylistic characteristics of bet365 sign up offer with character description as the core。In this sense,The reproduction of bet365 sign up offer in the form of annotations not only helps the dissemination of related novel texts,It also promoted the divergence and development of bet365 sign up offer about monsters and people in this period。
The novel has made a qualitative leap since the Tang Dynasty,In addition to the legends of the Tang Dynasty spread among literati circles, they already have the consciousness of novel style,Excellent works come out frequently,Excellent achievements,The novel also opened up a new direction of popularization。With the popularity of the rap activity of "pleasing the common people and inviting alms" in the Tang Dynasty,Bianwen and Huaben became the predecessors of the popularization of bet365 sign up offer,The popular reproduction of literati bet365 sign up offer has begun to emerge,For example, Zhang Jiu's notebook novel "Chao Ye Qian Zai" describes Tang Taizong's sleepwalking in the underworld,Became the material for the adaptation of the story "Tang Taizong Enters the Underworld"。Although reproduction in the form of anthologies from previous generations is still the main means of communication,However, there is a foundation for the intersection and integration of different cultural circles of literary bet365 sign up offer and popular bet365 sign up offer,Novel reproduction is diversified、Possibility of popular development。
With the development of cities and the expansion of the citizen class in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,The demand for novel reading is increasing,Promoting the development of novel reproduction。Since the Han Dynasty, the spread of classical Chinese bet365 sign up offer has gradually broken through the elite knowledge circle,Become a literary resource for popular vernacular bet365 sign up offer,circulated in the popular culture circle in the form of adaptation and reproduction。Adaptation became the main form of novel reproduction in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,Including classical Chinese bet365 sign up offer adapted into vernacular bet365 sign up offer、Adaptations of vernacular bet365 sign up offer。The adaptation and reproduction of the novel promoted its popularization development,Promote the conversion of classical Chinese bet365 sign up offer to vernacular bet365 sign up offer。
Ming and Qing Dynasties,Popular literature and art enters the peak of development,Diverse categories,Novel、Opera and other popular arts are being perfected,Mutual learning and fusion between art forms。Cross-language adaptation of the novel、The development of cross-genre adaptation to cross-media adaptation,No matter the quantity、In terms of scale or form,Novel adaptation and reproduction gradually occupy a central position in popular literary and artistic production,Not only accelerates the spread of novel texts,At the same time, it has also developed into a unique literary and artistic form。Comments on bet365 sign up offer that began in the Southern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Beyond criticism,There are many deletions and modifications to the text,In a certain sense, it is also a way of reproduction of bet365 sign up offer,Superior commentary texts often become the main carrier for bet365 sign up offer to be spread throughout the world,Form an intertextual system with adaptation and reproduction,Influence on the dissemination and acceptance of the original novel。
Modern characteristics of the reproduction of ancient bet365 sign up offer
Entering the modern era,Art works grow geometrically,But the space for reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer is not squeezed by original production。Since the late Qing Dynasty,The literary and art world continues to set off an upsurge in the reproduction of bet365 sign up offer。
Renovated bet365 sign up offer in the late Qing Dynasty lead the way to modern translation of classical bet365 sign up offer,Becomes a watershed in the reproduction of ancient bet365 sign up offer: before the late Qing Dynasty,The reproduction of ancient bet365 sign up offer belongs to the category of classical literature and art。Since the late Qing Dynasty,The reproduction process interacts with the turbulent historical reality,Made it have modern literary and artistic attributes,Exhibiting strong modernity and historical characteristics。If the reproduction function of classical bet365 sign up offer is mainly reflected in the promotion of bet365 sign up offer and related arts,Then the significance of reproduction of modern bet365 sign up offer lies in cultural participation and interaction。
Since the end of the 19th century,China has undergone comprehensive reforms,The pursuit of modernity、Use reason to govern all aspects of society,Specifically including social rationalization、Democracy and equality as well as the rational spirit of modern people, etc.。These new humanistic spirits constitute the ideal vision of modernity,And become the modern character of literature and art。Taking innovative bet365 sign up offer from the late Qing Dynasty as the origin,The reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer consciously takes modernity as the standard of value,Integrate modernity into the novel’s re-creation,Comprehensive pursuit of modern spirit in theme and character creation,Thinking about the modernization of material civilization and human subjective spirit。
Wu Jianren is the founder of the allegorical style of bet365 sign up offer since the late Qing Dynasty,His "New Stone" uses a completely new way of dealing with time and space,Becomes a representative work of innovative bet365 sign up offer in the late Qing Dynasty。The novel opens with Baoyu waking up,Time suddenly came to the Guangxu period of the late Qing Dynasty,Witnessing various dark social realities,Then he strayed into the "civilized realm",Experience the civilization of modern artifacts。The novel is an exhibition of various landscapes of modern material civilization,Full of wonder and longing for modern material civilization。Therefore,The modern scenery here is given positive value,Incorporating modernity and historical correctness。While the narrative space of the novel echoes the reality of the late Qing Dynasty,It also focuses on showing the social landscape of modern material civilization。This kind of modern scenery that is in line with historical progress continues to appear in various renovation bet365 sign up offer,High Building、Tram、Aircraft... various social landscapes symbolizing modernity have become the existence of the novel's scenery,Constitutes a highly modern landscape discourse and visual experience,At the same time, invoking human subjectivity in the comparison of old and new time and space。
Then,In the course of the century-old history of the 20th century,The reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer has not stopped the pursuit of modernity,And the interaction between this pursuit and the historical process of China’s modernization in the 20th century shows a highly historical character。If we talk about the late Qing Dynasty,A large number of images in classical bet365 sign up offer such as Jia Baoyu、Sun Wukong、Song Jiang and other "old characters" travel through modern cities,The juxtaposition of old characters and new landscapes constitutes the textual strategy of the allegorical style of the bet365 sign up offer renovated in the late Qing Dynasty,Footnote for the occurrence of new culture。Then,This text strategy was fixed in the subsequent development of new story bet365 sign up offer in the early 20th century,It has also been inherited in comic book adaptations of graphic narratives (such as Zhang Guangyu's comic "Journey to the West"),Imagining a new society and calling for a new culture constitutes the novel、Basic content of pictorial adaptation。Reform and opening up period in the 1980s and 1990s,The reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer reaches another climax,A number of film and television dramas adapted from famous works have become texts that evoke the national imagination,Once again verified that the reproduction of classical literature resonates with the times,The huge potential of dialogue with the culture of the times。
The value and characteristics of the reproduction of ancient bet365 sign up offer in the new media era
Looking back at the reproduction process of ancient Chinese bet365 sign up offer for thousands of years,We found out,With the changing times,Novel reproduction subject、Form、Function changes accordingly,But reproduction never stops,On the contrary, keep pace with the times。Not only promotes the innovation and improvement of novel style,It also promotes the birth and development of new literature and art,Participate in the construction of the culture of the times,It reflects the growing power and vitality of classical bet365 sign up offer。
1994,China officially accesses the Internet,The media is developing rapidly,New media technology continues to evolve,The new media system supported by digital technology reorganizes the relationship between media ecology and literary and artistic production,Triggered a transformation of the integrity of the external literary and artistic ecology,Changed the overall cultural form,Also recreates the imaginative environment for the reproduction of traditional classics。Then,New media era,What is the value of the reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer、Characteristics and mission?
New Media Era,Novel reproduction promotes stylistic innovation。Online bet365 sign up offer are a literary style of new media,Although the style and form rely on strong network media attributes,However,Classical bet365 sign up offer give the online novel style an imaginative quality,This quality comes from the imaginative tradition of classical bet365 sign up offer。The fantasy bet365 sign up offer that are now active in the Internet literary world were mainly presented in the form of adaptations of classical mythological bet365 sign up offer in their initial stages of development,Later gradually separated from the adaptation,Developed an original writing style of fantasy bet365 sign up offer。
The reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer is still an experimental position for new art,Produce a large number of new works that are different from traditional reproduction: first, innovative adaptation of narrative media,Short、平、The visual media characterized by fast and mobile audio-visual media as carriers (representative works such as the online micro-animation "Chinese Strange Tales" adapted from the strange novel, etc.) in aesthetics、New features appear in the narrative;The second is the remediation of knowledge media,With short video、Listening to books App、WeChat public account and other new media that represent knowledge as carriers (representative works include short videos with traditional classics as content、Ximalaya Listening Book App’s four famous book series、Four famous public accounts, etc.),Characterized by the weakening of traditional classic narrative positioning,Highlighted knowledge function;The third is the remediation of embodied media,Non-adaptation characterized by experience、Innovative works of non-narrative reconstruction,Using embodied media such as virtual reality technology as a carrier (such as "State of Mind", the best VR work of the 78th Venice Film Festival, which was based on "Dream of Red Mansions"、Journey to the West Metaverse World—"Super Body Space SoReal VR", etc.),The characteristic is that traditional classics transform from story form to knowledge form,With immersion、Virtual reality technology whose main feature is interactivity and other experiences,It is a "faithful to the original" reconstruction。
If the main body of novel reproduction in the old media era is dominated by intellectual elites,Top-down vertical propagation,The audience and content are gradually becoming more popular,Thus reproduction in form、Functional changes are slow。Then,The new media era has transformed into multiple creative subjects,Popularization of creative subjects,Form top-down、Bottom up、Horizontal communication and other multiple communication modes。Change from domestic communication to “overseas” global communication,Rapid changes in reproduction,Innovative works continue to be produced,Innovate with the old。Of course,While the reproduction of classical bet365 sign up offer leads the practice of new media art,The cultural construction function is also very prominent,New media texts use the past to learn from the present,Interact with the history of the times at an unprecedented text scale,Reflecting the huge changes in social structure and psychology of the times。
Entering a new era,“Promote the creative transformation of China’s excellent traditional culture、Innovative development” is an important proposition of the times。Classical bet365 sign up offer are not only typical representatives of Chinese stories,It is also an important carrier of traditional culture,Is an important part of the discourse system with national characteristics。Reproduction process,It is the telling process of Chinese stories,It is also the process of creative transformation and dissemination of traditional culture,Is an important part of national cultural development,Charging the historical mission of cultural inheritance and dissemination。Anyway,New media makes it easier to spread classical bet365 sign up offer,The new era entrusts its historical mission of cultural communication,Classical bet365 sign up offer are reproduced in the continuity of history,With the wheel of history moving forward rapidly,It will have a profound impact on the inheritance of traditional culture and the formation of contemporary culture,Is the most important contemporary media phenomenon、One of the communication phenomena and cultural phenomena,It is a theoretical issue that should be given widespread attention by the current academic circle。
(The author is the person in charge bet365 sign up offer National Social Science Fund project "Research on the Creative Cross-Media Adaptation of "Journey to the West" in the 20th Century"、Associate professor at the School of Communication, Fujian Normal University)
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