"The Outstanding Poet of Russia in the 20th Century", "The Moon of Russian Poetry", "The 20th Century Sayo", "Representative of the Russian Silver Age" ...，We can also list more titles that Chinese readers are familiar with。But，Another important identity of the poet in the field of poetry creation is often ignored by Chinese readers，That is "Outstanding Translator of Chinese Classical Poems"。The 2050s，Ahmartova started to translate a group of Chinese classical poetry works，Including Qu Yuan、Li Shangyin and Li Bai's works。The most well -known of which is the translation of "Li Sao" in 1954，This is also the first Russian translation of Qu Yuan's great work。

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Different from those in the history of Russian literature、Method、De "Intermediary" language translated Chinese work version of the "intermediary" language，These translations of Ahmartva are translated directly from Chinese，But the translator does not understand Chinese。Translation is formed on the basis of Russian sinologist Fedrin -based translation。But，Even in this case, the translation of it，Ahmarta version of "Li Sao" is still considered the most classic translation。Another contemporary poet Ya Gitovich (also translator of another Russian translation of "Li Sao") said in a letter to Fedrin: "When I translated" Li Sao "，After the great achievements are achieved，I want to，If you can't get the praise of you and the first translator，Of course I dare not imagine to post it，Because the first translator is Ahmartva。"Before Ahmartova took bet365 best casino games over" Li Sao "translation，Fedrin has completed the translation of verbatim translation，But a professional poet is needed to make color，Make it a real poem。Facing several invitations to Fedrin，Ahmartova was rejected at first，"About Chinese Poems，Uniqueness of Chinese Poems，Its rhythm，I know nothing，and，I don't understand Chinese，I don't know Chinese characters，For me，This is a blank world，I think，I can't start "。After several exchanges through Fedrin，And provided some information about Chinese poetry，Ahmartova finally took this task。

Of course，Ahmartova has a special complex for Oriental culture or Asia。Because my father does not agree with her daughter to engage in literary creation，It is forbidden to publish a work with her father's surname "Gelianko"，Ahmartova gave her virgin surname to the surname of the grandfather family。It is said that，The ancestor of the last name is the last Khan Khan Ahmart。1944 Ahmartova wrote the poem written in Tashkeng "You, you，Asia，The hometown of the hometown "is definitely not a sigh that the poet has emerged in a while，To some extent, the poet's sacrifice for his own Asian cultural root。In the silver era，Thinking caused by the Asian descent of the Russian nation and the conflict between the Eastern and Western cultural cultural conflicts, and the "Skai Teta Consciousness" derived from the Akhmatova contemporary intellectual group is quite prevalent。Ahmartova's very appreciated symbolist poet Ya Bollock wrote in the poem "Skita": "Yes，We are Skyt! Yes，We are Asians! "The" Eurasian "cultural perspective between Russia between Eurasia also influenced Ahmartova's first husband, Nigerolf。The latter mainly cultivates French literature，I have read the poems bet365 best casino games by Li Bai and Du Fu through French，Make "Free Repair"，Created a series of poems of Asia and Chinese themes，Such as "China", "Miss China", "Arrow Tap", etc.，Published and published "Porcelain Exhibition Museum: Chinese Poetry"。Ahmartva's son Lev Gum Laolv, later became an expert in studying Oriental history and culture。All this shows the unique status of Oriental culture in the creative career of Ahmartva。

The translation of "Li Sao" opened the mysterious contact of the poet's literary life and Oriental culture。She has translated Li Shangyin's "Night Rain Sending North", "Leyouyuan" and Li Bai's "Joining Wine", "Guan Shanyue", "Sunrise Entry" and other works。These translations outline the ancient Chinese poetry and aesthetics of Ahmarta。

　　Restore Chinese Poetry Shen Yun

Ahmamatova's translation is just like Pushkin Poetry, which has studied all his life，Expenses the voices of ancient Chinese singers in simple words。During hesitant whether I can be competent during the translation work of "Li Sao"，Ahmarta expressed his own concept of translation to Fedrin，"The complexity of the translation lies in finding the corresponding performance means，Exciously reveals the author's thoughts and feelings in the original Chinese work，resonance with the thoughts and feelings in the hearts of readers，Readers are as excited as the original author。Only then，Translation can become a poem，Become a Language Art "。Lucky is，She finally found a means of expression suitable for ancient Chinese poetry。Ahmartova strives to restore the form of ancient Chinese poetry，By adjusting the order of adjustment, a group of Russian corresponds to a group of Chinese verses，and adopts the structure commonly used by her creation of Russian poems -four lines and one poem paragraph。In Bet365 lotto review the quatrains such as "Leyouyuan" and "Night Rain"，The rhyme of the four lines of poems even restores the original one、2、Four lines of rhyme。

Other translations of "Li Sao" are different，The text content of Ah translated adopted a nearly literal strategy。According to Feidelin's memories，Ahmartva is just based on his translation of verbatim translation，Moved one word to another place，Move to the position it should be。Although there is no exaggerated ingredients in Fedrin's statement，But Ahmarta's translation is indeed more easy to understand。In addition to some necessary Chinese phonetic translation，There are no many remote words in the translation，There is no special usage of Russian vocabulary。At this point，Ahmartova is very different from Pound。The latter found the association between text and image in ancient Chinese poetry，and then updated his image concept of image poem。Therefore，The words in Pound Translation are often superimposed by multiple images，There is a certain distance between the meaning of the image and the word itself，is the transition and symbol，And Ahmartova is more pursuing the translation that can convey the charm of the words in foreign poetry easily。It is worth noting that，This is easy to understand is not achieved at the expense of the original charm。As a Russian poet who does not understand Chinese，Ahmartova is in the face of a work like "Li Sao" with affection and romance，But it can be more accurately grasped and passed on the poetic and charm，This is largely due to her personal poetic aesthetics and Qu Yuan's romanticism.。

　　"Ying and" of words and things

Ahmartova thinks that the most critical thing in the poem is the mystery。Therefore，Before the translation of translation，She invited Fedrin to read "Li Sao" Bet365 lotto review several times in Chinese，And the tone of the Chinese chanting poetry。She wants to find Qu Yuan's unique mystery with the help of sounds and words at the same time，"When I listen to the melody of" Chu Ci "，I think Qu Yuan seems to hear the moaning of the wind，The hustle and bustle of the leaves，Flower whisper，I feel that he is good at leading the sound and meaning with his own heart，The wailing and cry of birds。From this formed the harmony of the language of the poem，Harmony of Poems "。Ahmartova's insight into poetry is keen。The "mystery" she is talking about is exactly the hidden connection between the love between the love，and mystery is unique to each poet，Where Qu Yuan，It is manifested as a variety of contacts between the variety of vanilla and Qu Yuan emotion。The harmonious connection between the two is in Akhmatova，It is also a realm of "Li Sao" and even Chinese poetry。

Russian symbolists of Ahmartova's contemporaries also pursue the "response and" of love and things，But different，"Ying He" in "Li Sao" does not happen at the top level。Where the symbolist poet，Vanilla will be given some kind of hazy、Mystery、symbolic meaning from the world of the other shore。Vanilla，The emotional significance is the botanical characteristics based on the vanilla itself，If the growth environment、Fragrance、color, etc.。In other words，In Chinese poetry，Lotus is high -clean，It is the growth characteristics of the mud out of the mud，Instead of some of the meanings given to it to the mysterious world。This is coincided with the aesthetic pursuit developed by Ahmartova in the early years of Akmeism.。Akmei claims to restore the beauty contained in the meaning of the word itself，A symbolic method of blindly pursuing the mysterious meaning of words，So，The external Bet365 lotto review environment and the object itself have become the main processing material of Ahmartova's poetry。As the critic Vefelmonsky said，"She don’t tell herself directly，Instead, the external environment that tells the inner performance，Tell the events of external life and objects in the external world，And only in the unique choice of these objects，In the process of constantly changing understanding of it，Only show the true mind of the poet，Unique emotional content contained in the words "。

So，Ahmartva's "Li Sao" does not deliberately translate all kinds of plants of various categories，Not to explain in the form of injection，Instead, select similar Russian vocabulary，Based on the meaning of relying on the word itself。For example, "Both the rest of the remaining，"纕 纕" and "Lanzhu" in the phrase "and Shen Zhizhizhang" refers to the use of crickets and 茝 orchids，and Ahmartova translated as "Flower ring woven with orchids"。"Flower Ring" is a symbol of rewards and rituals in European folk traditions，Can bring good luck to those wearing。Therefore，The meaning of the word itself is enough to effectively convey the "should and" between the two unable to translate and the noble quality of Qu Yuan。Facing these words in the translation，Ahmartova usually only takes its original meaning、Straight，and less use it with it，Not to mention its metaphor。

Ahmarta's Chinese poetry translation is successful，And if you do n’t understand Chinese, you have successfully perceived his poetic perception。At the National Literature Publishing House holding Longjing Tea to discuss the translation of "Li Sao" with Fedrin，Ahmartova agree with the former with tea metaphor.，"Indeed，On the soil in China，Tea leaves cultivated in sufficient sunlight，Even Moscow in the snow and ice can be Bet365 app download resurrected，Re -emitting the flavor of fragrance "。Ahmartova resurrected the voice of the Chinese poet in his own unique way，Chinese poetry that made Russian readers originally felt strange to bloom on the Russian soil。

(This article is the National Social Science Foundation Project "Research on Russia's Left -Wing Drama Generation in the Social Movement" (21CWW009) phased results)

(Author Unit: University of Petroleum (East China) School of Foreign Languages)