In the era when human civilizations are mutually learned，Interactive tension between nation and world literature，Make the realistic vitality of classic works constantly stimulated in translation。Translation aims to promote effective communication of different cultures，The ultimate purpose is to achieve the understanding of both parties、Accepting and recognition。This means that translation not only produces translations in the physical sense，By language as a medium and means，Psychologically connecting the cognition and emotion of both parties。That's for this，American poet David Young (David Young) The translation of Du Fu poetry who is directed by readers' understanding and recognition is an important reference significance for our literature。

　　Bet365 app download Translated results

David Yang was born in 1936 in Davin Potter, Eastern, USA，Ben Yong's Mississippi River has given him endless poetry。After graduating from Kalton College undergraduate，He has obtained a master's degree in a master's and literature at Yale University，Become a professor at Obelin College, Ohio，Editor of the journal of Obelin College。David Yang is mainly engaged in the creation and research of poetry，Into with dozens of poems and poetry criticism papers，I have won the Guggenheim Award in the United States and the "Hand -Stand Poetry Award"。Romantic poet temperament and rigorous academic training make him a famous poetry translator。In David Bet365 lotto review Yang's translation works，Especially highlights his attention to ancient Chinese poetry，There are "Five Tang Poets" (1990)、"Xingyunbei Gui: Complete Works of Yu Xuanji Poems" (1998)、"Qiujiang Rural Rural: Selection of Du Mu Poems" (2007)、"Du Fu: Life in Poems" (2008) and other translations of poems。

David Yang began to translate Du Fu's poem in 1975，and in many years of translation experience, he has deep feelings for Du Fu，Du Fu's charm of both poetry and morality has always attracted him to communicate with this exotic poet more than 1300 years ago。In 2008, the preliminary edition of New York Konov Publishing House、"Du Fu: Life in Poem" in 2010 is considered to be a "integrated" work of David Yang translated Du Fu's poems。

　　"Du Fu: Life in Poems"Translators

David Yang believes that Du Fu’s life is very important for understanding his poems，Du Fu is closely intertwined with his poems、Uninterrupted，Du Fu's poetry must be placed in his life process in order to enable readers to get the most complete meaning and maximize emotional resonance。Therefore，David Yang sorted the 170 poems that best reflect Du Fu's overall life，and change Du Fu's life into 11 stages in accordance with time and space changes，"Roaming East", "Return to Chang'an", "War and Rebellion", "Started in Changan", "Reunion and Light", "Wandering", "Chengdu Cottage", "More Turbolic", "East Land", "Township Gentlemen" "End"，Before each stage, I introduced Du Fu's life trajectory and ideological changes to the reader in a refined language。

In addition，The translation book is equipped with a map of Du Fu's historical bet365 Play online games period，clearly marked Du Fu’s travel and wandering trajectory，and configure the serial number divided by Du Fu's life stage to facilitate readers to read。To take care of the reader's reading experience，The whole book has only extremely condensed footnotes and translator comments，To express the respect of the Hongye version，Almost all feet notes are directly from Hongye's "Du Fu: The Great Poetry in China" in 1952，and marked the serial number of the Hongye version to facilitate readers to further check more information。

More important thing is，David Yang's translation preface explained in detail the understanding of Du Fu，and compare it with famous Western poets。He believes that it is consciously compared with Wagest，Write while walking，never look back，Extraordinary life expands slowly in extraordinary poetry。and the western poet's obsession with some kind of ultimate essence，Du Fu is the poet who lives in the moment，The current people and things have a more special significance to him，This experience value undoubtedly has an important revelation for modern contemporary human society that is deeply trapped in the rational crisis。David Yang's discussion with other American modern and contemporary poets concluded: Du Fu is the greatest poet in China，One of the reasons is that his poetry is full of modernity，The grand wideness of its theme、Observing the keenness of the world is far beyond the imagination of people，It is still amazing today。

　　Translation of Du Fu's poemThought and Strategy

Before David Yang，There are many Du Fu Shi English translations in the United bet365 live casino games States，American sinologist Ai Siko translated more than 400 Du Fu poems with the method of disassembling words and images。Hong Ye corrected many misunderstandings and misunderstandings in Aisho's translation with a more accurate scattered body translation method。Poet Wang Honggong、Hamir、Xinton, etc. also carried out the creative rewriting from Confucian to Taoism。Sinologists Wahz Sheng and Yuwen Institute, etc., strive to adhere to the poetic characteristics of Du Fu's poems on the basis of literary translation。David Yang Bo Caichang，imitating the formal body of the former sages，Quote other translation results，also showed an unusual admiration for Hongye's translation。However, David Yang did not stop at imitation and reference，He presented a clearer and more concise translation to English readers with the keen keenness of the poet。

David Yang's poetry translation should be done by the poet，Only poets can translate "effective" poems，No matter how many knowledge can make up for the lack of poetry。As he said，"Other Translator Translation Knowledge，and my strength is to translate real poetry "。He admits that he translates Du Fu's poems from an impulse，A kind of "impulse to rescue the poets they like from the rigid British poem"。He wants to present readers with both readability and credibility.，Therefore, let them appreciate Du Fu's voices and thoughts hidden in poetry。In his opinion，In order to surpass the deep -seated dialogue with the original poem author，The translator should insert himself with the wings of imagination，bet365 best casino games Flying back to the world where the original poem is generated，Reappear the creative process of poetry along the mind of the original poem author，Then use the language form that contemporary English readers are familiar with and appreciated to reproduce the artistic charm of the original poem。This view indicates that literary translation and literary creation must not be separated in the interior relationship，The translator must be meticulous to exhaust the original author’s original intention，Also ingeniously to play the advantages of the translation language，This can make the reader of the translation get a better reading experience。

Driven by the principle of poetry poetry，David Yang adopted a "discount" method to translate Du Fu's poem，It is not restricted to the formal characteristics of the rhythm，can make the translation poetry maintain the form of poetry。His specific approach is to treat the line or one of the original poems as a poem festival for English poetry，Rhythm of two characters or three characters in the original poem，Divided it into two lines during the translation process，Try not to use the punctuation symbol between the line and the line，To remind English readers some of the characteristics of the original poem，For example, a large amount of parallel and side structure。The use of discount Chinese translation method Avoid the bulky feeling brought about by imitation of the form of steps，Although the exquisite and deep poetry tradition of the original poem language is inevitably weakened or disappeared in the bet365 live casino games translation，But the most basic literary means that poetry depends on survival，Poetry image、The relationship between imagery，and the poetic world created by image，You can get a relatively complete reservation in the translation。

，Facing the rich allusions in Du Fu's poems，David Yang did not adopt a large number of annotations to allow readers to obtain relevant knowledge，Instead, it is selectively handling related allusions: retaining the allusions related to Du Fu's life experience and ideological characteristics，Give it to his opinion to understand the name and place name of understanding poetry itself，And try to reduce the use of annotations to protect the reader's smooth and natural reading experience，Because he insists on "Poetry itself is self -sufficient"。Under the observation of this concept of translation，He uses an interpretable phrase to expire in some allusions，and strive to make it integrated with the poetry itself; in addition，For complex allusions，He adopted the method of footnote to further explain the instructions。

Modern American poets and ancient Chinese poets have gone time and space emotional communication through translation，A clear poetic imagery、Simple language form，Du Fu's poems in David Yang's pen are closer to contemporary English readers，Can attract their understanding and empathy。The so -called: there is no colorful phoenix flying wing，Chinese and Western Poetry Heart。

(Author: Graduate School of Xi'an University of Foreign Languages; School of English University of Xi'an University of Foreign Languages)