Methods for constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile
May 09, 2023 10:48 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Journal" Issue 2645, May 9, 2023 Author: Lu Jianhua

The most urgent task for the Chinese philosophical community in the 21st century is to construct a new bet365 mobile belonging to this era。On how to construct a new Chinese bet365 mobile,Scholars who study traditional Chinese bet365 mobile have discussed a lot from the dimension of “method”,Most of them involve how to treat、Using Chinese and Western philosophical issues。In this sense,We can also say that scholars discuss methods of constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile,It is generally discussed from the perspective of philosophical resources。From the perspective of scholars,Basically a reference to Hu Shih's "Outline of the History of Chinese bet365 mobile"、The views mentioned by Feng Youlan in "History of Chinese bet365 mobile" and "New Neo-Confucianism",And the development of the "creative synthesis" proposed by Zhang Dainian in the 1930s。Because there are many academic studies on Zhang Dainian’s “Synthesis of Creation”,And Hu Shi、Feng Youlan’s views are rarely discussed,The author feels it is necessary to discuss Hu Shi、Feng Youlan’s method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile。

"Convergence" of Chinese and Western bet365 mobile

On the method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile,Hu Shi wrote in the "Outline of the History of Chinese bet365 mobile" about the future development of Chinese bet365 mobile: "Our academic thinking today,There are two major sources: on the one hand, they are the ancient books passed down to us by sinologists;On the one hand, there are the old and new Western theories。After the two major trends converge,If China cannot produce a new Chinese bet365 mobile,Then you really missed this good opportunity。”

In Hu Shi’s view,Constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile,From the perspective of philosophical resources,We must make use of traditional Chinese bet365 mobile,We need to use Western bet365 mobile again,Need to take the path of “convergence” of Chinese and Western bet365 mobile;You can neither stick to traditional Chinese bet365 mobile,Simple denial of Western bet365 mobile,Trying to develop a new Chinese bet365 mobile simply from traditional Chinese bet365 mobile,We cannot abandon traditional Chinese bet365 mobile,Simply "embrace" Western bet365 mobile,Trying to develop a new Chinese bet365 mobile purely from Western bet365 mobile。

About the construction of a new Chinese bet365 mobile through the convergence of Chinese and Western bet365 mobile,Involving the issue of how to merge Chinese and Western bet365 mobile,In other words, it involves the status of Chinese bet365 mobile and Western bet365 mobile。To be specific,It is based on Chinese bet365 mobile,Mainly Chinese bet365 mobile,Absorb Western bet365 mobile;Still based on Western bet365 mobile,Mainly Western bet365 mobile,Absorb Chinese bet365 mobile;Or pay equal attention to Chinese and Western bet365 mobile,Treat Chinese and Western bet365 mobile equally、Eclectic。For these,Hu Shi did not make a clear explanation。

Judging from the "experimentalism" philosophical system later constructed by Hu Shi,He obviously did not construct his own bet365 mobile according to the method he proposed to construct the new Chinese bet365 mobile,Instead, they adopted the method of simply using Western bet365 mobile,That is, embarking on a journey based on Western bet365 mobile,Construction method based on the "Westernization" approach。This approach is consistent with his subsequent argument for total Westernization on cultural issues。From Hu Shi’s discussion on the method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile,What he said is the method of constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile through the "convergence" of Chinese and Western bet365 mobile,Following the comprehensive innovation advocated by some scholars later、Integrating Chinese, Western and Malaysian methods are essentially the same,They all hope to use the essence of all existing human philosophies to construct a new Chinese bet365 mobile。

"New wine in new bottles"

In "History of Chinese bet365 mobile", Feng Youlan divided the history of Chinese bet365 mobile into the "Zixue Era" from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the early Western Han Dynasty, and the "Confucian Classics Era" from the period when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty only respected Confucianism to the late Qing Dynasty,Dividing Chinese bet365 mobile into “self-centered”、The form of “sub-learning” with no one to rely on and “taking me as a supplement”、The form of "Confucian classics" that relies on the classics or even "takes the classics as a basis";Think that it is in the construction method,Zixue is something out of nothing,Confucian classics are created out of something,Like "new wine in old bottles"。

The old bottle of Confucian classics is broken、At the end of the Confucian classics period,Feng Youlan thought: "A new era in the history of Chinese bet365 mobile,Started at the end of the Classical Era。The so-called ‘Zhen Xia Qi Yuan’,This is an example。"This is to say,The new Chinese bet365 mobile in the future will no longer be in the form of Confucian classics,Does not have the characteristics of exegesis,But it has the nature of sub-science;The construction method of the new Chinese bet365 mobile in the future will not be based on the existing Chinese philosophical classics from the perspective of philosophical resources,Not even based on Western bet365 mobile,But "create out of thin air",“Create something out of nothing”,Belongs to “new wine in new bottles”。This construction method is consistent with the construction method of Zixue。However,The construction method mentioned by Feng Youlan is not a complete rejection of existing Chinese and Western philosophies,I just ask not to be influenced by existing philosophies、Bond,This is something to note。

Sadly,Feng Youlan did not follow this method when constructing his philosophical system。He recalled: "When I was writing "New Neo-Confucianism" in Nanyue,Jin Yuelin is also writing one of his philosophical works,Some of our main points are the same,But he is not following Cheng、What Zhu Neo-Confucianism taught。I am new wine in old bottles,He is new wine in new bottles。”From Feng Youlan’s memories,Feng Youlan continues to "lecture" on Neo-Confucianism,It is based on Neo-Confucianism that it constructed its philosophical system - "New Neo-Confucianism",This is actually the construction method of classics,Belongs to "new wine in old bottles",Instead of the "new wine in new bottles" method that you imagine。

"Continue talking"

In the "Introduction" of "New Neo-Confucianism",Feng Youlan on his method of constructing a philosophical system: "The system we are talking about now,Generally, it is the successor to the Neo-Confucian school of Taoism in Song and Ming Dynasties。We say ‘generally’,Because at many points,We also have Neo-Confucianism since the Song and Ming Dynasties,Big difference。We say ‘take over’,Because we ‘continue’ Neo-Confucianism since the Song and Ming Dynasties,Rather than 'according to' Neo-Confucianism since the Song and Ming Dynasties。Therefore,We call ourselves the New Neo-Confucianism。”It’s a little regrettable,Feng Youlan did not intend to abstract it on this basis、Refining、Summary as a method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile。

In Feng Youlan’s opinion,The philosophical system he constructed is not a repetition and exposition of Neo-Confucianism,But for the development and development of Neo-Confucianism;The philosophical system he constructed is a product based on Neo-Confucianism,Neo-Confucianism is the growth point of his bet365 mobile。In other words,Feng Youlan’s approach to constructing his own philosophical system,From the perspective of philosophical resources, it is based on Neo-Confucianism,Absorb the essence,Do creative development,Thereby opening up a new bet365 mobile。In summary,Feng Youlan believes that the construction of a new Chinese bet365 mobile can be based on a specific sect in Confucianism,It can also be based on schools other than Confucianism in Chinese bet365 mobile,It depends on what bet365 mobile the constructor wants to "continue"。This shows,At Feng Youlan’s place,The construction of new Chinese bet365 mobile does not require the convergence of Chinese and Western bet365 mobile,As long as the Chinese bet365 mobile is updated and brought out the new, it will be enough。

Of course,We can also further interpret Feng Youlan’s method of constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile,believes that its method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile is based on a certain school,Just absorb the essence of this school of thought,Innovate it。And this school can be Confucian,It can also be from a school other than Confucianism;Can be from China,It can also be Western。However,Considering Feng Youlan’s Chinese bet365 mobile、Chinese culture-oriented stance,This further interpretation is likely to go against Feng Youlan’s original intention,At most it can be regarded as Feng Youlan’s method of constructing a new bet365 mobile。

Looking back,Although Feng Youlan believes that the new Neo-Confucianism he constructed "is a 'continuation' of Neo-Confucianism since the Song and Ming Dynasties",But this does not mean that he only used the resources of Neo-Confucianism when constructing the new Neo-Confucianism system,Do not use any other philosophical resources,It just shows that the construction of the new Neo-Confucian system is based on the stance of Neo-Confucianism,Based on Neo-Confucianism。actually,Feng Youlan made use of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism,In other words, he used almost all the resources in Chinese bet365 mobile that he considered useful。This shows that Feng Youlan’s New Neo-Confucianism was developed from Neo-Confucianism,Also developed from Chinese bet365 mobile。Also,Although Feng Youlan’s construction of New Neo-Confucianism is “a ‘continuation’ of Neo-Confucianism since the Song and Ming Dynasties”,However, the imprint of Western bet365 mobile such as New Realism is still obvious。This explains,In the process of constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile,Even based on Chinese bet365 mobile,The role of Western bet365 mobile cannot be ignored;So-called based on Chinese bet365 mobile,Not completely rejecting Western bet365 mobile。

From Feng Youlan’s discussion on the method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile,What Feng Youlan said “‘continues’ the Neo-Confucianism since the Song and Ming Dynasties”,Based on Chinese bet365 mobile,Following the method of developing new bet365 mobile from within Chinese bet365 mobile that some scholars later advocated,Essentially the same。

It can be seen from the above,Hu Shi in "Outline of the History of Chinese bet365 mobile"、Feng Youlan’s discussion of the method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile in "History of Chinese bet365 mobile" is self-conscious,I want to set rules for people to construct a new Chinese bet365 mobile,Universal;Feng Youlan’s discussion of the method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile in "New Neo-Confucianism" is unconscious,It is based on the construction of its own philosophical system,Speciality。Hu Shi in "Outline of the History of Chinese bet365 mobile"、Feng Youlan’s discussion of the methods of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile in "History of Chinese bet365 mobile" was put forward before they constructed their own philosophical system,I hope people can construct a philosophical system according to the method they proposed,But they themselves did not do this;Feng Youlan’s discussion of the method of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile in "New Neo-Confucianism" was put forward after he constructed his own philosophical system,Summary after the fact,He himself is a practitioner。Hu Shi、Feng Youlan is studying in the United States、A scholar with knowledge of both China and the West,Their discussions on the methods of constructing new Chinese bet365 mobile all involve how to treat Chinese and Western bet365 mobile, especially Western bet365 mobile。Hu Shi obviously has an "embracing" attitude toward Western bet365 mobile,Trying to make full use of Western bet365 mobile to transform Chinese bet365 mobile,Constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile with the color of Western bet365 mobile;Although Feng Youlan is open to Western bet365 mobile,But it attempts to moderately borrow from Western bet365 mobile while maintaining the inherent "flavor" of Chinese bet365 mobile,Constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile with Chinese characteristics。Hu Shi、Feng Youlan knows it,Constructing a new Chinese bet365 mobile is inseparable from Western bet365 mobile。

(The author is a professor at the School of bet365 mobile, Anhui University)

Editor: Zhang Jing
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