In the Northern Song Dynasty，The continuous efforts of the Confucian scholar and scholars，Confucianism finally revives，Become an academic mainstream again。In this process，"Zhou Yi" as the Confucian "head of the group"，Naturally received widespread attention。Zhou Dunyi、Shao Yong、The Song Dynasty scholars represented by Zhu Xi except for the new note of the Zhou Yi，I also carried out a creative work，Draw the "River Map" and "Luo Shu"、congenital map、Many "Zhouyi" images represented by "Tai Chi Map"。

Compared to the abstract "Zhouyi" symbol and obscure hexagram，This method of "using" Yi "is undoubtedly more intuitive。So，Relotic、Congenital、Tai Chi Xue is the core content of the book easy to learn，It also developed rapidly after the establishment，Become Song、yuan、"Xianxue" in the third generation of Yixue in the Ming Dynasty。

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"River Map" and "Luo Shu" as an ancient legend in Chinese history，It has always been wearing a strong mysterious color。In the historical documents of the pre -Qin period，"River Map" and "Luo Shu" appear frequently，"Shang Shu", "The Analects of Confucius", "Yi Zhuan" and "Book of Rites"。In these records，"River Map" and "Luo Shu" is either interpreted as a source of inspiration for Fuxi to create "Zhou Yi"，Either auspicious or treasure that is attached to God。If Confucius once sighed in his later years: "Phoenix birds won't，No picture of the river，My husband is already! "That is to say，If there is no such auspiciousness such as "River Map"，If there is no such auspiciousness such as "River Map"。After the Han Dynasty，With the rise of the theory of Yin and Yang Five Elements，"River Map" and "Luo Shu" this mysterious color attached to the body is also intensified。Eastern Han Dynasty，It has even developed the "River Map" from the Turtle back to the Yellow River、Ryoma bears the legend of Luo Shu's coming from Luoshui。bet365 best casino games Although this legend is absurd，But it was quite popular during the Han and Tang dynasties。

But，Read these records of these pre -Qin and two Han books，It is not difficult to find that although they all tell the gods of "River Map" and "Luo Shu"，But there is no book to clarify what the "River Map" and "Luo Shu" records what content。to the Tang Dynasty，Although everyone talked about "River Picture" and "Luo Shu"，But "River Map" and "Luo Shu" does not have any practical meaning of the sense of theory。

This situation has changed during the Northern Song Dynasty。On the one hand，With the revival of Confucianism，Confucian scholar doctors are very concerned about the understanding of the way of Zhouyi，Hu Yan、Cheng Yi、Sima Guang、Ouyang Xiu、Su Shi and other universities have left a book to interpret "Zhou Yi"。On the other hand，There are two mainstream paradigms in Yixue before the Song Dynasty，One is to focus on the number of elephants to take the elephant.，One is the emphasis on elaboration of "Zhou Yi" hexagram and "Yi Chuan" theory of the reason.。Many scholars in the Song Dynasty are also dissatisfied with these two inherent models，So they used "River Picture" and "Luo Shu" as a breakthrough，Creatively given "River Map" and "Luo Shu" with substantial content，This has created a new direction for Yixue Development。

"River Picture" and "Luo Shu" drawn by scholars in the Song Dynasty，Taking abstract black and white dot line as the basic symbol，The main content is based on the changes in mathematics and the relationship between the natural numbers and the relationship with the orientation。This is here，"River Map" and "Luo Shu" is no longer the ancient legend with the only mysterious color，Instead, it has the theoretical diagram of mathematics and medical meaning。

Where，The 55 -point "River Picture" we can see now，It is the theory of "Number of Heaven and Earth" recorded according to the "Temporary Ci"，Divided one to 10 natural numbers into five arrays of "16", "two seven", "38", "Four Nine", "Fifty", "Fifty"，and separate in North、South、East、West、Five Fang。This counting system，It has also been given the theoretical bet365 best casino games significance of the creative principle of the "Zhouyi" hexagram system。and 45 o'clock "Luo Shu" is separated from the nine to nine numbers、Four Wei and Central，Used to explain the number of changes in the "Nine Palace"。

It can be said，"River Map" and "Luo Shu" can have irreplaceable theoretical and academic value in the field of Yixue，After the Song Dynasty scholars faded their mysterious colors，This image form created by created。

　Zhu Xi ’s huge influence on the development of books and learning 

According to the record of "Song History"，Black and White Dot Map of "River Map" and "Luo Shu" can be traced back to Chen Yan at the end of the fifth generation。However, this record is just a legend from the Northern Song Dynasty，There is no actual evidence。From the historical materials we can see today，Black and White Dot Map "River Map" and "Luo Shu" first appeared in the "Easy Hook Hidden Map" compiled by Liu Mu in the Northern Song Dynasty。

But，Liu Mu's version of "River Map" and "Luo Shu", although the black and white dot line has been used as the icon，and "Number of Heaven and Earth" and "Nine Palace" as the main content，But in his "He Luo" system，But the 45 -point picture is "River Picture"，Fifty -five points The picture is "Luo Shu"，It is the opposite of "River Map" and "Luo Shu" today。

　Why is there such a completely upside -down difference? 

The reason is，After Liu Mu created the black and white dot after the "River Map" and "Luo Shu"，Although the "Heluo" image system has certain inheritance and development，But the response caused is very limited。until the University of the Southern Song University Zhu Xi compiled "Zhou Yi's Yi"，The income of these two "River Map" and "Luo Shu" is where it is，Its academic influence gradually spreads。Just，Zhu Xi when he included Liu Mu's version of "River Picture" and "Luo Shu"，But the content of the two。From Zhu Xi's view，The "Number of Heaven and Earth" revealed in the Fifty -five Points，Derived from "Temperature" in "Yi Zhuan"，It is inseparable from the science and theory of the hexagram of Zhouyi，The theoretical significance of "River Map" should be assumed，The theoretical source of the theoretical source of Fuxi created bet365 Play online games hexagram。Comparison of comparison，The theory of the "Nine Palace" displayed in the forty -five -point figure，It is more in line with the method of "nine schemes" in "Shangshu · Hong Fan".，Therefore, it should bear the historical positioning and theoretical responsibilities of "Luo Shu"。It is because of Zhu Zi's handling of "River Picture" and "Luo Shu"，Only laid the theoretical significance of "He Luo"，Make its philosophical value increased。

In addition to the "River Picture" and "Luo Shu"，Zhu Xi also has a pivotal historical status in the images of congenital maps and "Tai Chi"。Cong sky map consists of four images，The main content is to explain gossip、The order and position of the sixty -four hexagram。In fact，In the "Said Gua" chapter of "Yi Chuan"，It has recorded clear gossip order and orientation theory。In this theory，Li、Kan、Zhen、Divide the four hexagrams to stay in Zhengnan、Zhengbei、Zhengdong、Zhengxi，It is both an authoritative orientation coordinate，can also be further expanded，and spring、Summer、Autumn、Winter or Qinglong、White Tiger、Xuanwu、Suzaku and other theoretical systems cooperate，The practical significance used to explain the changes in natural phenomena。This ancient gossip position theory is not only familiar with Confucian scholars in the past，As a spatial coordinate theory，spread to Beiliang、Tubo and other ethnic minorities，and appeared as an important element in the stone tower、Thangka and other architectural art works，Become an important part of the local national culture。

But，After the Song Dynasty，Shao Yong and other scholars are no longer satisfied with this long -used gossip theory，Start trying to take a different approach，Exploring other possibilities in the change of the gossip symbol system。Zhu Xi based on the "double method" in the invention of Shao Yong，Invented the "Fighting Method of Graduation"，Black and white dots、blocks are form，Draw "Congenital Gossip Sequences"; "Gannan、Kunbei、Li East、Canas "is the coordinate，Draw a "Congenital Gossip Aquatic Picture" that is more in line with Confucian Bet365 lotto review ethics。In order to distinguish from "Congenital Gossip"，Scholars in the Song Dynasty also referred to the order and orientation of the gossip in "Speaking Gua" as "the Gossip of the Temple"。What needs attention is，Although wearing the name of "congenital"，But whether it is "Congenital Gossip" or "Congenital Gossip Flat Map"，All produced in the Song Dynasty，is from far later than the acquired gossip。In "Zhou Yi's Book"，Zhu Xi is not greedy，The author of the congenital map was given to Shao Yong，But without Zhu Xi’s theoretical transformation and image creation，Today's congenital map system cannot be completed。

In addition，Zhu Xi has also made an irreplaceable and important contribution to the theoretical interpretation of "Tai Chi Map"。"Tai Chi Map" explained by Zhu Xi，It is not familiar to modern people in the Ming Dynasty yin and yang fish "Tai Chi Map"，but "Tai Chi Map" drawn by Mr. Zhou Dunyi。but but，Although the latter came out in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty，Early age，But the initial impact is very limited，And the no one is。If Zhu Xi personally wrote "Tai Chi Map Explanation"，Explained the concept of "Wuji and Tai Chi" proposed by Zhou Dunyi in the sense of the ontology，and the structural processing of "Tai Chi Map" and "Zhou Yi"，"Tai Chi Map" cannot be produced in Song、yuan、Ming、The historical impact of the four generations of the Qing Dynasty，Zhou Dunyi is also difficult to have the academic status of the "Five Sons of the Northern Song Dynasty"。

This can be seen，Zhu Xi in Heluo、Congenital、In the setting and interpretation of Tai Chi Tu,，All have an irreplaceable important position，Can be called the construction of a book easy learning image and theoretical system、The first hero in the development process。

　"Elephant Number", "Righteousness", "Book" three -point solution 

Since Zhu Xi established "River Map", "Luo Shu"、The image form and interpretation direction of the "Tai Chi Map" and the interpretation direction，Books are easy to learn quickly，in Yuan、Ming two dynasties Wei is a big view。Although this model received Huang Zongxi in the early Qing Dynasty、Huang Zongyan、bet365 best casino games Mao Qiling、Questions from scholars such as Hu Wei，But it is undeniable that，Book Yixue has become an important part of the Zhouyi Classics。

But，Zhao Xing's book is easy to learn in the Song Dynasty，What historical status should they live in the history of Yixue? This is a question worth discussing。

The most influential Yixue History sect in history，It is the "two factions and six sects" proposed by "Siku Quanshu"，That is to divide Yixue into the number of phenomena、Both factions of Yili，Elephantists are subdivided into divination、禨、Create three sects，Yili School is divided into Laozhuang、Confucianism、Three historical events。According to this distinction method of "Siku's Summary"，Books Yixue because of Chen Yan、Shao Yong's entanglement，Can only be divided into the creation of the elephant faction。Actually，Books represented by "River Map" and "Luo Shu" can become a "Xue Xue" in the history of Yixue for hundreds of years，Not just because of Chen Chen、The influence of Shao Yongzhi's name and even the field of folk surgery，After the transformation of Zhu Zi，Creative Stream of the Creation of Zhouyi、The basics of the hexagram system、Innovative development made on important issues such as Yi Xue concept and the interpretation of Yi Xue philosophy。

But from another perspective，Books Yixue, although it creates a lot of righteousness，It is indeed creatively drawn by Heluo、Congenital、Tai Chi and other "Zhouyi" images，There are thousands of changes in these ease maps in history。So，Books Yixue and Cheng Yi、Zhang Zai and others explained the Confucianism of the Confucianism by Confucianism.。This can be seen，The "Two Schools and Six Sentences" classification method of "Siku's Summary"，Can't give reasonable resettlement to the book easy to learn。

The interpretation of "Zhou Yi" has always been with many methods、Different modes are famous。So，The distinction between Yixue genre，You must also notice its complexity。On the one hand，We can't face Meng Xi、Beijing Fang、Zheng Xuan and other Han scholars' contributions in the field of elephants are not visible; on the other hand,，Wang Xi、Cheng Yi Bet365 lotto review and other scholars "use the method of understanding" Yi "，It is also the key to "Zhou Yi" that can always maintain the status of the "Scriptures"。But in addition，In Liu Mu、Shao Yong、Zhu Xi and others continuously，Books Easy to learn, whether in the method of "illustration" Yi "，Still the perspective of "fusion number"，All break through the existing number of phenomena、Limits of the two factions of Yisi。From the perspective of solving the "Yi" model or historical influence，"Elephant Number", "Righteousness", "Books" three -pointers to learn the world，Is a more reasonable correction plan。

　(The author is the person in charge of the National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Song to Qing Book Easy Study Research"、Associate Professor of Yuelu College of Hunan University)