In recent years, Türkiye has continued to “return to the Middle East” and compete for regional hegemony，Walking between major countries at the same time，Trying to shape an international structure more favorable to itself in accordance with its own interests。But Türkiye and the EU、There are many conflicts between the United States，In the Middle East，The growing power of the Kurds has become a thorn in their side，The diplomatic dilemma has not been fundamentally improved。From Tübet365 champions league policy declarations and external actions，United States、EU、Russia and the surrounding Middle East region have always been the focus of Tübet365 champions league diplomacy，The future diplomatic trends in these four aspects will also determine the effect and impact of Tübet365 champions league foreign policy adjustments。

In recent years，Tübet365 champions league domestic and foreign policies have experienced a continuous process of adjustment and transformation。Turkish President Erdogan in the "presidential era" has achieved the goal of getting rid of the shackles of the old system at home，Promote adjustments and shifts in foreign policy more actively and flexibly。But，For Türkiye，Structural constraints are also gradually increasing，Future development prospects are still subject to significant uncertainty。

Erdogan once gave a comprehensive explanation of Tübet365 champions league current domestic and foreign policies，Proposed "Türkiye is becoming a real global power"；“Türkiye must have a place in Syria”；"The future relationship with Europe will gradually get rid of the problem period"；“I believe that the United States will change its contradictory policy towards Turkey sooner or later”；“Relationships with Russia in various fields have developed rapidly”；“Cyprus and Aegean affairs cannot be separated from Tübet365 champions league participation”；“Jerusalem is the red line between Türkiye and the Muslim world” etc.。This represents the main direction and key areas of current Turkish diplomacy，Also provides a basic perspective for observing the direction of Tübet365 champions league foreign policy。Since 2018，Türkiye was once in a relatively favorable position in relations between major powers and the situation in surrounding areas，A lot has been gained in regional affairs，But the dilemma it faces has not fundamentally changed。

　　Conquering bet365 champions league

Tübet365 champions league has always pursued a sense of presence and a certain dominant position in the Middle East。

First，The Syrian Kurdish issue has become the primary concern of Tübet365 champions league regional policy，Turkey has a fierce game with the United States and Russia，His demands were partially realized。Early 2018，Türkiye sends troops to control Afrin region of Syria，Successfully weakened the influence of the Kurds。With the successive victories of the Syrian government forces，Türkiye feels more anxious，Stated that Syrian affairs cannot be without Tübet365 champions league participation。Afterwards，Türkiye and the United States reached an agreement to jointly patrol the Manbij area of ​​Syria，An agreement with Russia successfully prevented the imminent battle of Idlib。At the same time，Türkiye continues to pressure the United States，Multiple threats of separate operations east of the Euphrates，Prompted the United States to announce its withdrawal from Syria in December 2018，Satisfies Tübet365 champions league interest demands to a certain extent。But because the Russian-Turkish agreement was not fully implemented，Russia and the Syrian government are increasingly dissatisfied with Turkey。The United States’ stance on troop withdrawal has also been repeated，Tübet365 champions league request to establish a “safe zone” under its leadership in northern Syria was opposed by the United States。

Secondly，Tübet365 champions league has taken multiple attacks on hot issues in the Middle East，Continue to strive to shape its status and influence as a great power。On the one hand，Tübet365 champions league continues to criticize Israel in a high-profile manner，Strengthening his image as Palestinian spokesperson and Islamic leader。Erdogan strongly condemns Israel and the United States，Multiple public criticisms of Israel as a "terrorist state"，Lower diplomatic relations with Israel，And organize a special summit of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation，Calling the United Nations and the international community to take action。On the other hand，Tübet365 champions league continues to strengthen cooperative relations with Iran despite US sanctions，Clearly opposed to the U.S. withdrawing from the Iran nuclear deal and restarting comprehensive sanctions on Iran，Refuse to cut off economic and trade relations with Iran，And criticized the United States for withdrawing from the Iran nuclear agreement and undermining regional stability。In addition，Tübet365 champions league and Qatar maintain close interaction and strategic cooperation，The quasi-ally relationship between the two countries is more prominent。

　Finally，Türkiye passed the Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi incident、Palestinian-Israeli conflict、Large-scale military exercises and other activities to improve one’s international influence，Strive to occupy a favorable position in the game of great powers in the Middle East。The disappearance of Saudi journalist Khashoggi that broke out in October 2018，To a certain extent, it leveraged Türkiye and the United States、Relationships between the EU and Saudi Arabia，Enabling Türkiye to gain a more favorable position in geopolitics。Tübet365 champions league active and high-profile words and deeds on the Palestinian-Israeli issue have won greater reputation in the Islamic world。March and May 2019，Türkiye held large-scale military exercises named "Blue Land 2019" and "Sea Wolf-2019" in surrounding waters。Turkish Foreign Minister Cavusoglu once said，“The Mediterranean without Turkey is nothing”，Shows a tough stance in competing for oil and gas resources and regional influence in the Eastern Mediterranean。

　　Continuous crisis with bet365 champions league

In recent years，Türkiye and the United States in the "Gulen Movement"、Kurdish issue、Structural contradictions in Tübet365 champions league relations with Russia and Iran continue to emerge，Mutual trust continues to decline，Trump’s unilateral approach and preference for sanctions and pressure have further exacerbated the uncertainty in US-Turkey relations。

First，Türkiye plays a strong game with the United States on the Syrian Kurdish issue，Both persist in struggle and seek cooperation。January 2018，The United States announced to assist the Syrian Kurds in establishing a "border security force"，Causing Türkiye to be so angry that it directly sent troops and occupied the Afrin area。June 2018，The United States and Turkey reached the so-called "Manbij Peace Process Roadmap"，Kurdish armed forces withdraw from Manbij，U.S. and Turkish troops jointly patrol the area。After solving the Idlib issue in September，Erdogan has repeatedly stated that he will take military action on the east bank of the Euphrates River，Pressure the United States。End of 2018，Trump announces troop withdrawal from Syria，However, its stance on withdrawing troops has changed since then，Causing Tübet365 champions league dissatisfaction again，The contradiction between the two countries on this issue is still prominent。

Secondly，Türkiye and Israel、New conflicts broke out between Saudi Arabia and other regional allies of the United States，Maintain cooperation with Iran，It also directly affects U.S.-Turkey relations。Since 2018，The United States’ biased policy on the Palestinian-Israeli issue has exacerbated tensions in U.S.-Turkey relations，The Trump administration recognizes Jerusalem as the capital of Israel、The official relocation of the embassy and the upcoming "Deal of the Century" have cast a shadow on U.S.-Turkey relations。Tübet365 champions league unwillingness to cooperate with the United States’ comprehensive sanctions against Iran has further exacerbated the United States’ dissatisfaction with Turkey，The United States currently announces the cancellation of sanctions exemptions for Iran，Türkiye has made it clear that it will continue to maintain economic and trade ties with Iran，This issue continues to straddle the gap between the United States and Turkey。

　Finally，Tübet365 champions league insistence on purchasing the Russian S-400 air defense missile system has weakened the strategic mutual trust between the United States and Turkey，Intensified the crisis of trust and policy conflicts between the two countries。Tübet365 champions league move caused strong opposition and multiple warnings from the United States and NATO，NATO stated that it will reassess Tübet365 champions league loyalty and reliability as an ally，The United States has repeatedly threatened that，If Turkey finally accepts the S-400 air defense missile system，Ban on sales of F-35 fighter jets to Turkey。Turkey made it clear，The purchase of S-400 air defense missile system from Russia is a foregone conclusion，Türkiye will not compromise。The collision between the United States and Turkey on this issue will continue in the future，But Turkey cannot give up NATO，This matter has become more of a bargaining chip in the game between the two parties。

Due to conflicts of interests and policies，Strategic mutual trust continues to decline，Continuous crises have become the norm in the relationship between bet365 champions league and Turkey。Although it is difficult for bet365 champions league and Turkey to return to a close alliance，However, national security and practical economic interests determine that the two countries will not completely break up，Will seek opportunities for change in the constant game，Maintain the state of fighting without defeat。

　　Mutual dependence on bet365 champions league

In recent years，Tübet365 champions league and Russia have always been close and dependent on each other，The leaders of the two countries have maintained high-frequency exchanges of visits and meetings，Increased arms sales、Cooperation and coordination on energy and Syria issues，The leaders of the two countries also tried their best to highlight the special relationship between the two parties。

First，Russia and Turkey continue to maintain close coordination and cooperation on the Syrian issue。In addition to high-frequency bilateral visits，The two countries also discussed the situation in Syria through the Russia-Turkey-Iran trilateral summit mechanism，Agreement on ceasefire in Idlib, Syria，Discuss common measures to achieve long-term normalization of the situation in Syria，Four trilateral summits to discuss the situation in Syria have been held from the end of 2017 to the beginning of 2019。Tübet365 champions league has firmly taken the initiative on the Syrian issue，Have a great say。

Second，The S-400 air defense missile system agreement between Tübet365 champions league and Russia is progressing smoothly。Erdogan and Putin have repeatedly reiterated that the S-400 air defense missile system sales agreement will be implemented as planned，And will carry out cooperation in high-tech military technology and other fields。Although strongly opposed by the United States and NATO，But Tübet365 champions league has firmly stated many times，This agreement will not change。Russia and Turkey have announced that they will deliver the first batch of this air defense missile system in 2019。The controversy surrounding the future S-400 air defense missile system agreement will become an important indicator for observing the direction of Turkey-Russia-US relations。

　Third，Energy and nuclear energy cooperation between Türkiye and Russia continues to strengthen。April 2018，The Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant Project jointly built by Russia and Turkey has officially started；November 2018，Russian-Turkish “Turkish Stream” natural gas pipeline subsea project completed，The leaders of both countries attended together，And hopes to increase the trade volume between the two countries to 100 billion US dollars。This gives Tübet365 champions league energy security more guarantee，The status of energy hub is further consolidated，And help improve the geopolitical environment，Further strengthen its strategic position in Eurasia。

Out of the need for strategic mutual borrowing and pragmatic cooperation，Relationships between Tübet365 champions league and Russia maintain smooth development，Trump’s sanctions also provide an opportunity for Turkey and Russia to “get closer”。But what must be seen is，Tübet365 champions league and Russia also have misaligned interests on many issues，If the policies of the two countries are not consistent on the Syrian Kurdish issue，The cooperative relationship between the two parties is also obviously expedient and fragile。

　　Relations with the bet365 champions league have stalled

In recent years，The EU’s dissatisfaction and disappointment with the current situation in Turkey are rising，Believe that the formal implementation of the presidential system marks Erdogan's further move towards dictatorship，And accused him of abusing his power、Violation of human rights, etc.。Tübet365 champions league EU accession process has actually been put on hold，Negotiations on upgrading the customs union proposed by Türkiye have also failed to make progress，The decline in mutual trust between Turkey and Europe and the stagnation of relations are more obvious。

Türkiye has been trying to repair relations with the EU，Restart stalled EU accession negotiations，But the results are limited。Since 2018，Erdogan visited France one after another、Bulgaria、UK、NATO Headquarters, Belgium、Germany, etc.，Strive to ease relations with the EU，And emphasized Tübet365 champions league strong desire to join the EU and its role in combating terrorism、Special role in protecting European security。Erdogan has also made it clear on many occasions that he hopes to restore and enhance relations with the EU，Relationships with other countries or organizations are supplementary，Instead of replacement。

But，Turkish-EU relations have not been significantly improved，Both sides in Tübet365 champions league democracy and human rights、Join the alliance、Differences and contradictions on security and other issues are still prominent。June 2018，After the Turkish election，European Commission President Juncker said in strong words，Türkiye is taking big steps away from the EU，Therefore, Tübet365 champions league EU accession negotiations have actually stopped，This rules out the possibility of Türkiye joining the EU in the foreseeable future。Meanwhile，The European Council decided not to open new accession negotiation terms with Türkiye。March 2019，The European Parliament passed a resolution with a high vote，Recommend that the EU formally suspend Tübet365 champions league negotiations to join the EU，The reason is that Türkiye has violated human rights and the rule of law。Although this resolution does not have legal effect，But this reflects the further deterioration of the EU's perception of Türkiye and the relationship between the two。Although Türkiye once again stated that it will not give up its efforts to join the EU，But it is obviously unable to change the stagnant state of relations with the EU。

Overall view，In recent years, Türkiye has continued to “return to the Middle East” and compete for regional hegemony，Walking between major countries at the same time，Trying to shape an international structure more favorable to itself in accordance with its own interests。But Türkiye and the EU、There are many conflicts between the United States，In the Middle East，The growing power of the Kurds has become a thorn in their side，The diplomatic dilemma has not been fundamentally improved。From Tübet365 champions league policy declarations and external actions，United States、EU、Russia and the surrounding Middle East region have always been the focus of Tübet365 champions league diplomacy，The future diplomatic trends in these four aspects will also determine the effect and impact of Tübet365 champions league foreign policy adjustments。

　　(Author’s affiliation: Institute of bet365 champions league Studies, Shanghai International Studies University)