Vigorously promote the “One Belt, One Road” initiative with our country、A sharp contrast to actively building a community with a shared future for mankind，Racism that has existed as a turbid current of anti-globalization for a period of time、Xenophobia and religious exclusivism are rampant bet365 premier league odds Western world，It has even begun to spread to relatively "quiet" countries bet365 premier league odds Western world。

Long-term investigation，The historical process of Western civilization has always been driven by two forces: rationalism and irrationalism。While rationalism creates brilliant achievements in Western civilization，Irrationalism has also been raging for a long time。Religious persecution and religious wars were important parts of medieval European history，In modern times, extreme nationalism and racism have continued to cause trouble，Two world wars drove European irrationalism to a state of madness。After World War II, Western countries generally carried out rational reflection and related legal system construction，Irrationalism is strongly suppressed，However, its ideological and social roots are still difficult to eliminate。Racism currently spreading bet365 premier league odds Western world、Xenophobia and so on are the ways in which Western civilization faces the “other” civilization that exists as a heterogeneous factor，An irrational reaction formed again。

　Exclusion of “others” is bet365 premier league odds’s historical gene

bet365 premier league odds history of European civilization, racism and exclusivism as irrationalism mainly point to the Jewish civilization carried by the Jews。The monotheistic Jews rebelled against the polytheistic Romans bet365 premier league odds 1st century AD，It has the historical "motif" significance of "clash of civilizations"。The Jewish civilization that was later "embedded" in Europe bet365 premier league odds form of diaspora suffered discrimination and persecution bet365 premier league odds Middle Ages，Mainly due to differences in religious beliefs。Although Europe has moved from the stage of polytheism to the stage of monotheism，But Jews are still discriminated against as "unbelievers"、Exclusion or even killing。Since entering modern times，While anti-Semitism on religious grounds is relatively downplayed，As the carrier of Jewish civilization, Jews still cannot get rid of the intrusion of irrationalism in Western civilization。The anti-Semitism that ravaged Europe during this period even targeted those who tried to integrate into mainstream European culture to varying degrees，And has obtained a certain amount of economy、Jews with cultural achievements。Before the 20th century, Jewish civilization was the largest heterogeneous factor in Western civilization，European racists reject this form of civilization，Not only concocted various conspiracy theories related to Jews，Eventually led to the human tragedy of Nazi anti-Semitism and massacre of Jews。

After World War II，Western European countries have seen greater social and cultural diversity。Some European countries represented by the former sovereign states，Accepted a group of middle- and upper-class people from former colonies after the war，They had previously cooperated with the colonial rule of the sovereign country，Some countries with post-war economic recovery but labor shortages have begun to open their labor markets to less developed countries。The social and cultural structures of these countries, which are dominated by a single race-ethnic group, have begun to show a trend of diversified development，This momentum has prompted the resurgence of racism and xenophobia represented by neo-Nazism，But it is mostly in a low-intensity state for a long period of time。After the Cold War，Some European countries are increasingly affected by the immigration wave，its race、Religious heterogeneity reaches unprecedented levels，The latent irrationalist factors are activated again and become active。These European countries，Especially the Nordic countries have been lacking in heterogeneous races、Experience in interaction between religious groups，The rapidly rising immigration wave has an even stronger impact on society and national psychology，Quite passive in terms of adjustment and response。Different from the previous two major civilizations, the exchanges and interactions were mostly bet365 premier league odds border areas of civilization or the hinterland of Islamic civilization (countries that became colonies and semi-colonies)，During this period, with the massive influx of immigrants, Islamic civilization was “embedded” into the increasingly secular European hinterland，Start a new form of interaction between the two。Some European countries and people are still having difficulty adapting to the new interactions，Even anxious，The reappearance of this irrationalist scum in Europe、The rampage plays a catalytic role。

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Compared with European countries，Racism、Xenophobia has existed reasonably and legally bet365 premier league odds States for a long time。The territorial expansion of the United States in history was at the expense of the suffering and plundering of the Indians，And slavery is a concentrated expression of the long-term existence of racism bet365 premier league odds States。After the Civil War, the American South created various obstacles for the true "liberation" of African Americans，White racism against African Americans is even more rampant。Late 19th century and early 20th century，American white racists are inciting hatred and restrictions on immigrants, mainly Catholics and Jews，Repeated violent incidents。The restrictive immigration laws bet365 premier league odds States during this period were based on strong racism、Introduced in an atmosphere of xenophobia。The United States during this period was still rife with absurd theories of racism and xenophobia，Hitler’s racist ideas were even influenced to a certain extent by the so-called scientific racism bet365 premier league odds States。

After World War II，Racism、The momentum of xenophobia bet365 premier league odds States is gradually weakening。The first is the improvement of religious tolerance in mainstream American society，Catholic、Judaism and Protestantism are regarded as important components of the American Christian-Jewish tradition，Mainstream society is anti-Semitic、Anti-Catholic sentiment further eased in the 1960s due to the further development of the multi-religious landscape bet365 premier league odds States and the convening of the Second Vatican Council。The civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s dealt a heavy blow to racism against African Americans。The civil rights laws and new immigration laws passed during this period delegitimized racism and xenophobia。Since then, the religious structure and immigration structure of the United States have undergone substantial changes，The size of ethnic minorities continues to expand，Political rights continue to grow，As the “other”, the degree of “embedding” in all aspects of the United States has deepened。

Even so，The racism of white supremacy bet365 premier league odds States still persists。Some white supremacists form new KKK、American Nazi Party、National Alliance、Aryan Nations and other organizations，These organizations have existed for a long time，Some people even advocate the establishment of independent white republics in several northwestern states of the United States，These all reflect the stubbornness of white American racism。The book "Turner's Diary" written by William Pierce, the founder of the National Alliance, has become the "Bible" of white racists，Inspiring some white racists to form violent terrorist organizations and provide spiritual guidance to "lone wolves" who engage in terrorist attacks。But compared to before World War II，Current American Racism、The space for xenophobic activities is still greatly squeezed，Some active non-governmental organizations such as the American Civil Liberties Union and the Southern Poverty Law Center，Especially ethnic minority organizations such as the Jewish “Anti-Defamation League” and “American Jewish Committee” have targeted racist organizations、Monitoring of individuals, their speech and activities is considered a duty，And repeatedly crack down on them through legal channels。In this atmosphere，Racists who advocate relevant remarks on traditional media platforms often bear various risks brought about by "political correctness"。

Due to the shrinking space for public activities，The activities of some racist organizations promoting white supremacy have become more covert，Organizations such as "American Renaissance", "National Policy Institute" and "North American New Right" established in the early 1990s often spread all kinds of racism under the guise of academics。After the emergence of new media such as the Internet，White racists turn to the Internet to spread opinions or organize activities。Tom Metzger, the leader of the “White Aryan Resistance”, began to be active on the Internet as early as the 1980s。There are currently thousands of white racist websites bet365 premier league odds States，These websites have become platforms for attracting white racists, either openly or covertly，Many white people who agree but dare not openly advocate racism have become "keyboard warriors" who vent their anger online，Individuals who are radicalized by various racist remarks often turn into "lone wolves" who launch violent attacks in the real world。

The current white racism bet365 premier league odds States is an extreme and distorted reflection of the collective anxiety of white people who once dominated the social and cultural structure of the United States。This anxiety stems from the impact and challenge that the continuous “embedding” of “other” civilization has had on white-dominated Christian civilization since the 1960s，And the recognition of the damage caused by the implementation of liberal economic and social policies represented by "affirmative action" to the interests of white people。American conservatism formed after World War II once served as a channel and voice for white collective anxiety，And turn this anxiety into support for the Republican Party，The Republican Party also uses white people’s anxiety to enhance its political influence。The long-term development trend of political "polarization" and "fragmentation" bet365 premier league odds States，It is closely related to the divide between conservatism (centered on the Republican Party) supported by more devout whites and liberalism (centered on the Democratic Party) supported by people of color and ethnic minorities。Currently，The mainstream political participation method bet365 premier league odds States can also appropriately alleviate the anxiety of white people，But racism still reverberates in the minds of many conservatives，Some far-right people with extreme positions tend to blame the constraints of liberal public policies on people of color and ethnic minorities，Some of the violent terrorist activities that occurred for this reason have gone beyond white supremacist racism in the usual sense。As on the issue of abortion，Jews and Jewish institutions account for a larger share of abortion procedures，Hence also an easy target for anti-abortion activists。

bet365 premier league odds context of the current major changes bet365 premier league odds international landscape，The Western world is more challenging and urgent in dealing with and dealing with the relationship between heterogeneous factors as "others" inside and outside the region， If you lose the wisdom and ability to respond appropriately，The Western world may go further and further down the path of "abnormality"。

　(Author’s affiliation: Institute of bet365 premier league odds Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)