January 2021，Professor Tang Shiqi, a professor at the School of International Relations of Peking University, "Political Science: Streaming Change、Dohaies and Beglement "(hereinafter referred to as" Political Science of Politicalism ") Published by Peking University Press。This book is brief macro，Political Science as the main line of rationalism，Sort out the flow of the western thought tradition and the internal difficulties，It reminds the possible transcendence in the perspective with Chinese thought traditions。

Except for postscript，This book is divided into six parts。In the Introduction，The author Kai Zongzhiyi regards rationalism as the core feature of the tradition of western ideology，and outline the basic reason for the content of the whole book。Chapter 1 Back to the source of rationalism -ancient Greek thought，Sumulating rationalism into two aspects: "essentialism" and "Logos Centerism"。Ancient Greek thinkers pursue unity in things、Universal、Awareness of the "essence" of certainty，On the other hand, it also established a specific thinking principle of this kind of understanding，That is logic。This generates the conceptual system and is conducive to learning、Communication、accumulation、Universal knowledge created again。The author emphasizes，While establishing a rationalist status，Plato and Aristotle also know the simplification of it、averageization tendency。So，They are rational and bet365 best casino games experience、The theoretical and facts can still take into account，Diversity of objects、The complexity is fully understood。

Chapter 2 analyzes the basic expression of rationalism in modern expression and its embodiment of political thought。With the development of rationalism and corresponding knowledge system，Material spiritual wealth grow rapidly。But at the same time，rationalism has also exposed more and more problems。Pursuit of certainty is human rational needs，The extremes of rationalism make the certainty fully belong to people，and in turn regulate the person itself。The representative of the former is Descartes，He found something to ensure correctly outside the revelation -suspicion itself cannot be doubted。But，Logic rules can be tried to think，But you cannot provide proof for yourself。The representative of the latter is Hobbes，He will distort humanity in order to make politics more "scientific"、Abstract is desire，blocking the differences between people and the complexity of human life。The author thinks，The knowledge results brought by modern sexualism are undoubted，but ignore the true individuality、Difference、variability，Make contradictions and conflicts constantly accumulate and cannot be reconciled，Bring infinite evil fruit。

Chapter III discusses the achievements and problems brought by modern politics under the domination of rationalism。In modern politics，rationalism bred equality、Political value such as freedom and corresponding political system，But the institutional superstition that follows、Relators and nihilism have also become an important part of the modern crisis。other，The author analyzes the criticism and reflection of different thinkers bet365 Play online games of different thinkers。Although they criticize rationalism against unity、Universal、One -sided pursuit of certainty，Diversity、Specialty、variability open，But in terms of what is "knowledge"，Essentialness、Systematic、Clear、The requirements for verifying duplicate are still persisted。The author thinks，The key problem of rationalism is，One -sided pursuit of the same sex that violates the real change of things。But，The awakening of this fragile identity is easy to slide into "nothingness"。From this，Criticism and reflection on rationalism are in trouble。

Chapter 4 and the Concluding Synthesis, which discusses how to surpass Western rationalism。In the author's opinion，We can and should surpass rationalism through the dialogue between rationalism and traditional Chinese thoughts，and summarize from three aspects, compared the traditional Chinese and Western thought traditions。

First，In terms of understanding of things，China's "reason" and the "LOGOS" in the West are pointing to a certain fundamental rule，But Western rationalism is based on formal logic，Emphasize unity、Universal、OK，Rejection contradictions。and traditional Chinese ideas can be more accommodated、Specialty、variability，Pay attention to the interaction of the relative factor inside things and between things and the deep relationship of things itself，Development of relative factors without rejection of contradictions (yin and yang、Is there) as a change in the movement of things、Endless motivation。

Next，Chinese and Western thoughts strive for "true knowledge"，But the different understanding of the fundamental rules of things brings different knowledge systems。Compared to the "objective" Bet365 lotto review knowledge pursued by Western rationalism，Chinese traditional thoughts emphasize the individuality of knowledge、Unexpectedly，At the same time, I also know very clearly，Putting this kind of wisdom into practice requires the time of time、Benevolence of Shin Mind。​​Of course，This means lack of knowledge and standards，It is difficult to be grasped by people、Development、Communication，Easy to guide blurry ambiguous，It may be trapped into self -centered and pragmatism, ignoring pure knowledge。​​Of course，Chinese traditional thoughts are also alert to this。"Zhou Yi" is to find a relatively certain method，Just repeatable、There is still uncertainty for verification，This is exactly what the Western scientific spirit can make up for。

Last，The author attributed the decisive difference between Western rationalism and traditional Chinese ideas to the attitude of "changes"。Emphasis on the essence of the essence relative to rationalism，Chinese traditional thoughts show the characteristics of anti -essentialism，Emphasize the development and change of the internal contradictions of things。The essential theory of rationalism questioned "yes"，Pursuit of abstract definition，Chinese traditional ideas emphasize changes and unchanged existence at the same time，Explore the accurate understanding of changes under specific space -time conditions，Pay attention to the possibility of people and things。

It is worth noting that，The author especially emphasizes the importance of Heidegger's thought when comparing the tradition of Chinese and Western thoughts。Heidegger Criticizing the Traditionary "Logos Centerism"，Clearly understand people with the possibility of time on the basis of time，Open to variants。Bet365 app download More importantly，Heidegger realizes，Reverages of "none" and the corresponding narrowing of "none" of rationalism is its fundamental defect。and Chinese traditional thoughts exactly the open understanding of "none" to the whole、Origin、Changes and all unknown。In this sense，Heidegger further opened the dialogue space between Western thoughts and Chinese thoughts。Chinese and Western thoughts are not opposite，Western thought has never completely rejected diversity、Specialty、variability，Chinese thought must also require the most basic unity、Universal、OK。This is the prerequisite for the intersection of Chinese and Western ideology to surpass rationalism。

For the flow change in the subtitle、Dohaies and these three parts of these three parts，This book has a clear combing of flow change，The limitations and dilemma of rationalism are naturally presented。Today's Times，The dilemma of grasping rationalism is increasingly highlighting its importance and urgency。On the basis of clearly sorting the flow and accurately grasping the dilemma，In the perspective of highly condensed Chinese and Western thoughts，The author made an attempt to surpass。Beyond is not just to overcome difficulties、Solve the problem，It is the inherent requirements of rational development。

The most prominent feature of this book is the grand comparative vision。In each chapter，In order to discuss related topics more comprehensive and three -dimensional，The author is more tolerant of the ancient source of ancient rationalism、Modern thinker to extremes、Modern critics at different perspectives，Historical facts with traditional Chinese thoughts and different time and space、Between real problems，Greatly bet365 live casino games enriched the discussion dimension，At each point, you can see the overall collision of the traditional Chinese and Western thought tradition。Chinese and Western comparison should be the overall，Not persistent concept，Based on this，Only to find a common language to express it。

For the major issues related to the future of modern crisis and human civilization, the future of Chinese and Western，"Political Science of Policism" is just the beginning。Although the author clarifies the general direction of the internal difficulties that combine the outstanding ideas of Chinese and Western ideology to transcend rationalism，But it has not been able to give a constructive specific solution，Can you achieve a deeper integration between the ideas of Chinese and Western thoughts，Or can only refer to each other、There is no clear answer for supplement。other，In the face of the two traditions of the two major traditions of Chinese and Western traditions, so many thinkers and difficult texts，The author is inevitable that you will lose all。It should be said，In this "Political Science" in front of you，The problem left by the author is far more than answering questions。

The premise of transcendence is always a deep understanding and reflection on the differences between Chinese and Western thoughts。Whether it is a more comprehensive and in -depth inspection of the complex relationship between Western thought and rationalism，It is still a specific context that clarifies the traditional Chinese ideas for rationalism and its systemicity，Or further expand the comparative dimension between Chinese and Western thoughts to truly realize the overall comparison of the author's call，These all require a lot of specific and detailed research work and unified global vision，bet365 live casino games Even jumping out of all the existing interpretation of existing framework。It is in this sense，"Political Science of Policism" discussed how to surpass rationalism in the perspective of Chinese and Western thoughts。

(Author Unit: School of Diplomacy, Political Party of the Second Institute of Foreign Languages ​​in Beijing)