International immigration is a global issue that the international community is highly concerned。In view of the multinational liquidity of international immigrants、The complexity of immigration composition and dynamic cause，and the differences in the interests related to immigration，The importance and necessity of building and improving the multi -layer governance structure of international immigration are self -evident。

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December 2021，"World Immigration Report 2022" released by the International Immigration Organization，The number of global immigrants in 2020 is about 281 million people，3.6%of the world's total population，and the data in 2019 are 272 million people and 3.5%。Just look at it vertically，The number of international immigrants and the proportion of the global population have increased slightly。This also reflects that even in the context of the new crown epidemic, international immigrants still have sufficient motivation and strong toughness。From the perspective of flow，International immigrants show obvious concentration characteristics，The main destination country and the main source country of international immigrants are relatively stable，If the United States has always been the largest immigration destination country，while India is the largest immigration output country。International immigrants also have outstanding economic characteristics，The direction of international immigration migration bet365 best casino games is mainly from low -income countries to high -income countries。Concentration of international immigration、Economics and other characteristics show that the world's population cross -border flow is beyond symmetry、Undefended state: The net inflow status of developed countries in international immigrants (referring to immigration input greater than immigration output)，And developing countries have varying degrees of "immigration deficit"。

The unevenness of this cross -border population flow has led to many challenges and problems related to international immigration，such as Irregular Migration and other multinational organizational crimes。Due to the imbalance of global economic development，People in a large number of low -income countries are expected to migrate to economic conditions、High salary treatment、Large development space、A more stable country in society，to change the situation of yourself and the family。But，Compared with the growth trend of international immigrants，The immigration receiving ability of the destination country is limited，The requirements for immigration qualifications are clear，This determines the limited number of legal immigration and legal immigration channels。Obviously，The contradiction between supply and demand of international immigrants is obvious，Supply greater than seeking is a normal state。This contradiction directly leads to the occurrence of illegal cross -border behavior，It also provides the opportunity for stealing immigration and population trafficking。Therefore，The main target of international immigration governance is non -regular immigration and related multinational organizational criminal acts。

bet365 Play online games No doubt，International immigrants, especially non -formal immigrants, are extremely complicated issues，This indicates that it should be effective to deal with this global problem，All relevant factors need to be mobilized，Comprehensive policy，Coordinated action，Forms a closed governance system that is both independent and interconnected。It can be said，Construct and improve national governance、The multi -layer governance structure of regional governance and international governance is the general trend。

　　National Governance: Building an immigration policy system

National governance，Especially the governance of the immigration destination country is the basis of the international immigration governance system，It is also a key factor that directly affects the effect of international immigration governance。The main core of national governance is to build an immigration policy system，Including two major aspects: First, establish a set of legal system。Current，Western developed countries have basically formulated the immigration law，The United States has also formulated a special law for illegal immigration，Some developing countries (such as the Philippines、Thailand、Indonesia, etc.) also established a migration legal system。It can be said，With the extensiveness of international immigrants、Frequency，The formulation of immigration law has become a kind of international trend。It can not only regulate the flow of cross -border population，And in the protection of immigration rights、Intellectual resources acquisition, etc., play an important role。

Second, strengthen the construction of immigration law enforcement capabilities，This is especially necessary for the challenge to deal with informal immigrants。Generally speaking，Immigration bet365 Play online games law enforcement measures are mainly to strengthen immigration law enforcement (such as factory law enforcement to crack down on employment of employment of non -regular immigration labor) and border control，Its purpose is to play the functions of "squeezing" and "blocking"，The former is to achieve the purpose of reducing the stock of the informal immigration by expelction or repatriation of self -repatriation;，Channel to block foreign immigrants illegal entry。

　Regional governance: Regional cooperation to expand international immigration governance

International immigration is a multinational phenomenon，involving many stakeholders，This determines that international immigration governance must take into account the interests of all parties，Form an effective international cooperation mechanism。Therefore，Beyond a single governance mode with the country as the main body，Fusion of a more neutral third -party governance platform is also an indispensable part of the international immigration governance system，Regional governance and international governance is exactly playing such a role。

Regional governance mainly refers to a regional governance structure formed on the basis of common governance goals with similar geographical governance，EU and American immigration governance is a typical representative。In essence，EU immigration treatment is a category of super national governance。This mode is based on a super national entity as the main governance subject，Being able to carry out coordination and policy coordination of immigration issues from a wider range of fields。The United States is the main initiator of American immigration cooperation，This originated from American immigrants is mainly manifested as immigrants in Latin America，Especially from Mexico、A series of border crisis and challenges caused Bet365 app download by immigrants in Central America and Caribbean migration in the United States。

　International Governance: Give full play to the ability of multiple international immigration governance subjects

International governance is the enthusiasm of each behavior、Energy and coordination to deal with the problem of informal immigration。Under this framework，More diverse behavior，Not only the traditional national behavior body，It also covers regional organizations and international organizations related to immigration，At the same time, it also includes a large number of non -governmental organizations and private sector behaviors，Among them, international organizations play a more significant role in immigration international governance。

Take the International Immigration Organization as an example。Some scholars point out，It is promoting international immigration cooperation、Strengthen immigration management、Reduction of informal immigrants、Performing humanitarian rescue and other issues play an irreplaceable role。Specifically，Immigration governance under the framework of the international organization mainly played three functions: first, research function，That is, the establishment of a research center through the establishment of the international organization、Establishing databases and publishing research publications，​​Master the basic information of international immigrants、Dynamic Trends and other knowledge，Provide data for formulating immigration policies for major countries、Smart and other support。The second is standardized function，That is, international organizations have established or participated in the global immigration issue consultation mechanism、bet365 Play online games Establish a normative method such as international conventions，Improve the attention of all parties on international immigration issues，Promote all acts to reach a consensus on the issue of immigration。Third is practical function，If you popularize immigration knowledge，Increase the risk awareness of informal immigrants;、Material assistance (such as medical assistance)、Intangible assistance (such as legal aid)，Provide business training for related countries、Policy recommendations and technical support。

To sum up，International immigration governance is a complex、Long -term systemic engineering，It is also a path constantly exploring、Cognition is continuously deepened、System of continuous maturity of the system。From the current point of view，International immigration multi -layer governance structure has begun to take shape，But this structure is not balanced，State governance play the basic、dominant role，and regional governance and international governance are often difficult to effectively exert their functions due to their own authority and available resources and are restricted by the sovereign state。Obviously，International immigration multi -layer governance structure also needs to coordinate national governance、The relationship between regional governance and international governance is further optimized and strengthened，But no matter what，The overall structure of the international immigration governance system has been clearly visible，This may be safe for international immigrants、specification、Order、Circular transnational flow provides more expected light prospects。

(The author is a professor at the International Strategic Research Institute of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (National Academy of Administration);