August 2023，The 15th meeting of the Leaders of the BRICS countries was held in Johannesburg, South Africa，The meeting attracted new members，and put forward new global development concepts，This highlights the collective efforts of the global southern countries that try to develop together。Current，The new international development community is constantly shaping，This process depends on whether the BRICS mechanism can give birth to a new type of international development knowledge system。In other words，The reconstruction of development knowledge is the core topic of the times in the 21st century international development cooperation and governance，It will determine how we imagine development、How to deal with the relationship between national development and international development，The future that affects global development。

　bet365 live casino games

Development knowledge is a dark line that supports the global governance structure，It is a historic construct，It is also a historic practice。Review the history of "development"，After humans enter modern society，The concept of pursuing "progress" and "development" is deeply embedded in the texture of the entire human society，As a result。As U.S. political scientist Wallestan said，The attention to development issues is the major invention of social science research in the 19-20th century，It is precisely because of this invention，"North" centered on Europe and the United States and a dual relationship such as "South" with "south" with the vast developed countries is gradually established，The setting of international development concepts and the formulation of development policies。

Specifically，Since World War II，From the perspective of economic growth as the core to the people Bet365 lotto review -centered development concept，Then to the economy、Society、The comprehensive diversified development concept of the environment has evolved; at the same time，Following the growth of national GDP，The complexity of paying attention to poverty，​​Then to emphasize the effectiveness of the national governance system，The focus of the policy of international development is constantly changing。What needs to be pointed out is，For a long time，The core driving force for promoting the operation of "Development" mainly comes from northern countries，Settings of its agenda、Use of discourse、Organization coordination、Input of funds and other series of knowledge systems also mainly come from multi -bilateral organizations led by northern countries、academic research institutions and social forces。

But this development knowledge system based on south and south based on south and south is facing unprecedented challenges，It is mainly reflected in the following four aspects。First，The accumulation of the operation and development of the "development" community is fundamentally based on the economic strength of the leading country，and this foundation is shaking。Second，China、India、Brazil、South Africa and other BRICS countries after decades of development，Not only does it accumulate rich development resources、Development experience，And set up a new Development Bank、AIIB and other new development platforms，These countries choose to become an important source of new development knowledge based on their own culture and historical diversified development mechanisms and development paths，So as to improve the knowledge of traditional development knowledge。third，Existing international development specifications generate lock effects，About the fragile agenda、Environmental agenda、High standards such as the social gender agenda are constantly self -strengthening，Although the ethical height is occupied，But to a certain bet365 live casino games extent ignores the diversity of development concepts of different developing countries around the world and the differences in the development stage of development，This leads to the rigidity of traditional development knowledge。Fourth，International Development Consensus Bankruptcy，Under the influence of polarized politics，The subject of global development governance loses trust with each other，Development issues are constantly marginalized，Traditional Development Community is constantly dissolving。

　　Reconstruction of new development knowledge 

Current，The academic community is calling for a new type of development research theory for the 21st century development。This reconstruction is fundamentally a two -way global development intellectual industry.、Examine with each other、The co -construction process for each other，At the same time, it has also become a field that argues with each other with a variety of views。

First，Call for moving from international development to global development，means that the problem of development is not only unique to southern countries，Northern countries also face increasingly complex development problems，Global development plans and knowledge not only gather in northern countries，Southern countries also have rich development plans and experiences。The views of this "problem -plan" challenge the current single North -South assistance relationship。

Second，In the past five years，UK、A large number of researchers from Germany and other countries began to consciously refer to the research of going to colonization，Then constantly reflect on the production of knowledge、Colonial thoughts bet365 Play online games in various fields such as knowledge communication。Western development intellectuals further reflection on this continuous colonial relationship，It has spawned the dehydrated and then colonized research，Therefore, it provides new possibilities for the reconstruction of new development knowledge。

third，Since the mid -1990s，bet365 best casino games The international development academic community begins to realize the multiple meanings of development，that is, focusing on the "big development" of development intervention and the "small development" that pays attention to the changes of society itself，And more and more concerned about the relationship between the development of "big" and "small" in the past ten years，This provides a possibility for the different understanding of "development" for developed countries and developing countries。As the researchers will gradually turn to development to developing countries，The transformation of the development of "big" and "small" has also begun to become increasingly important，How to use assistance resources as a catalyst to enhance the inner development driving force of developing countries，This also promotes the change of the international development system from the effectiveness of assistance to the effectiveness of development。At the same time，Whether it is the United Nations multilateral organization，Still Organization Development Aid Committee，The sound of the construction of South -South cooperation practice and knowledge in the construction of the international development knowledge system is increasingly focused on。

Fourth，From the majority of developing countries itself，In recent years, it has also more consciously promoted the process of construction of new development knowledge。Although the history of South -South cooperation is as long as the history of North and South cooperation，But for a long time，Due to limited resources，It is difficult to establish a unified database like North and South International Development，In the formulation of specifications、Monitoring and evaluation and common language efforts are relatively limited，Therefore，The concept of development of history and culture based on developing countries、The lack of extensive understanding and mining of concept and development Bet365 lotto review cooperation policy。Entering the new century，This situation is gradually changing，More and more global southern countries have begun to pay attention to the core role of discourse system and knowledge system，This also provides fundamental motivation for the reconstruction of new development。

　Summary of Chinese experience 

As the largest developing country in the world，China took the lead in achieving the goal of poverty reduction in the UN sustainable development goals，At the same time, the "Belt and Road" initiative was proposed、"Three Proposal"，Whether it is developing in the country，Still in the field of overseas development，China is actively promoting the reconstruction of new development knowledge，Proposed the theory of refining and development based on China's vivid development practice、Tell Chinese Stories、Constructing China's independent knowledge system，Then it provides a generous soil for the birth of new development knowledge，Specifically reflected in the following three aspects。

First，Summarizing the experience of China's domestic development and poverty reduction is an important source of new development knowledge innovation。Chinese -style modernization has the common features of modernization of various countries，It also has the distinctive characteristics based on its own national conditions，Through the Chinese -style modern multi -subject inquiry and diversified expression，Experience elements of China's development can be displayed more abundant。Research on China's development experience from the early stage of China Model、Discussion of Beijing Consensus，Gradually transition to today's Chinese experience and Chinese practice narrative。These experiences involve how to deal with the government at the macro level、The relationship between the market and society，It also involves agricultural transformation、Industrialization、SME development and state -owned enterprise reform、Infrastructure construction，How to use specific experience bet365 Play online games in various fields such as foreign capital。

Second，China's overseas development practice has accumulated a wealth of new international development knowledge elements and communication channels，These are also important mechanisms for China's contribution to new development knowledge。Since the late 1990s, the implementation of the "going global" strategy，Especially since the "Belt and Road" initiative was proposed，Chinese development practitioners have come into contact with the colorful others，This has broaden the perspective of Chinese social science researchers to examine its own and external world，and refer to each other through the reference and looking back through the "own -others"，New imagination of continuously opening up the new development and development cooperation model。

third，The role and role of multiple subjects are important in the process of new development knowledge.，Whether it is the intellectual community in the northern country，It is still the intellectual community of southern countries，In fact, there are efforts to explore and build new development research theories，But can they cross the barriers of geopolitics，Really carry out effective dialogue，So as to give birth to new types of knowledge elements, it remains to be observed。In the context of the global challenge today，Can you respond to the common risk of today's human society、Promoting common development has also become a key guidance for new development knowledge，This further promotes the steering of today's academic circles from an international development knowledge system to a global development knowledge system。

　 (This article is the major project of the National Social Science Fund "Study on the Model and Strategy of Effectively Sharing Poverty Alleviation Experience in China and the Belt and Road Initiatives" (21&ZD180) Pharmaceutical results) 

(the author is a professor of the School of Humanities and Development of China Agricultural University/International Development and Global School of Agricultural University; Professor of the School of Humanities and Development of Chinese University of Agricultural University/International Development and Global Agricultural College)