The "Versailles System" and the "Washington System" are often referred to as the "Versailles-Washington System"，But there are both connections and differences between the two。The Versailles system was mainly based on the victorious country's disposal bet365 offer defeated country，has the obvious property of dividing the spoils；The Washington System is the result of adjusting the relationship between the victorious powers，Obviously competing for hegemony。

　　The establishment bet365 offer Versailles-Washington system

January-June 1919，The victors and the defeated countries of World War I held a "Peace Conference" in Paris。The conference advertises the establishment of permanent world peace through peace negotiations，In fact, the victorious imperialist countries distribute the spoils of war、Re-divide the world、Planning meeting against Soviet revolution and national liberation movement。The great powers launched a fierce competition over the peace treaty with Germany and the distribution of benefits，And signed a peace treaty with Germany at the Palace of Versailles near Paris。The Chinese delegation proposed at the meeting to take back Germany’s Jiaozhou Bay in China、Jiaoji Railway and all privileges in Shandong；Japan actually demanded that these privileges be transferred to it，Supported by Britain and France，The United States eventually turned towards Japan。The Chinese delegation finally refused to sign the peace treaty。The Treaty of Versailles and the subsequent treaties signed against Austria、Bulgaria、Hungary、The peace treaties of Türkiye are collectively called the Peace of Paris，Constituted the post-war powers in Europe、West Asia、The ruling order in Africa，The so-called Versailles bet365 offer。

The Paris Peace Conference and the Versailles System it established，Temporarily adjusted the mutual relations between the victorious imperialist countries in the West，But their conflicts in Asia and the Pacific are still very acute。At the initiative bet365 offer United States，November 1921 to February 1922，美、English、日、法、meaning、Holland、Bi、Portuguese、The nine countries held a meeting in Washington，The official agenda covers arms limitation issues and the Pacific and Far East issues。The meeting successively signed the "Four-Nation Treaty", "Five-Nation Naval Agreement" and the "Nine-Nation Convention" mainly involving China。China’s Beiyang government proposed ten principles for solving China’s problems at the meeting，Including the request to recover Shandong’s sovereignty，美、Bing doesn’t want Japan to dominate China，Support China’s request；The United States also took advantage bet365 offer situation to propose "open door、Equal opportunity” principle，Attempting to gradually exclude Japan、British forces in China。The essence bet365 offer Nine-Nation Pact is to establish the "open door" of imperialism in China、Equal opportunity” principle，Turn China into an object of common exploitation by the great powers，Reflecting the growing power bet365 offer United States and its rejection of Britain、日，Policy intention to gain advantage in China。The Washington Conference is the development and supplement bet365 offer Paris Peace Conference，Marks a great victory for American diplomacy，Reflecting the new pattern of power balance between the great powers in the Far East and the Pacific after World War I，Established the imperialist rule order in the region，The so-called Washington System。

The Versailles-Washington System established through the Paris Peace Conference and the Washington Conference，It is the rearrangement bet365 offer world system and world order under the leadership of capitalism by the imperialist countries after World War I，The great powers wax and wane based on each other’s strength，After fierce struggle，Adjust the relationship between each other，Re-divide the world，The powerful political system that continues to enslave the people of colonies and semi-colonies。

　Versailles-Washington bet365 offerCause of disintegration

Although the Versailles-Washington bet365 offer temporarily adjusted the contradictions in the capitalist world，But it cannot eliminate the fundamental conflict of interests between the great powers，It is even more impossible to resolve the contradiction between imperialism and colonial and semi-colonial countries。During the “Twenty Years Crisis” or “Twenty Years Truce” between the two world wars，This bet365 offer and order are gradually disintegrating，Finally heading towards a new one、A greater world war。

From the perspective of historical materialism，The fundamental reason for the collapse bet365 offer Versailles-Washington system is the imbalance of imperialist political and economic development。War or alliance between modern capitalist countries，Depends on the specific situation bet365 offer development bet365 offer world capitalist system。When contradictions and conflicts between countries or groups of countries with different interests become irreconcilable，War is inevitable；And when war threatens the foundation and stability bet365 offer system itself，The relative union must be performed，Make new arrangements for the system；In order to stabilize their respective domestic political and economic orders，It is also necessary to strengthen cooperation。

The Versailles system itself was the product of a compromise between the victorious powers to "divide the spoils"，It gave France an advantage in Central Europe，Guaranteed British hegemony in the Mediterranean and the Middle East，Strengthened Japan’s position in the Far East，But various profound contradictions have not been resolved，Disputes and conflicts brewing among the victorious nations。As an active promoter bet365 offer Paris Peace Conference，The United States has failed to achieve its expected goal of dominating international affairs，Final refusal to ratify the Treaty of Versailles，Nor join the League of Nations。The Washington system is the result bet365 offer rising power and status bet365 offer United States，This is also an important condition for the continued expansion of its global influence。

Several major treaties are extremely harsh on the defeated countries，Leading to deeper hatred between the defeated country bet365 offer victorious country、Conflicts intensify，In particular, it led to the spread of post-war nationalism and revanchism in Germany，Give fascism an opportunity，Planting major hidden dangers for the war。

This bet365 offer also deepens the contradiction between imperialism and the oppressed nations。The Paris Peace Conference not only excluded the Soviet Union，It also became a tool against the Soviet Union and the Communist Party。The victorious country flaunts the principle of national self-determination in handling territorial issues，Actually just act according to your own needs。Unreasonable territorial division，Leading to new ethnic conflicts within many Central European countries，Ultimately making Central Europe the new "European powder keg"；The improper handling of colonial issues also triggered national liberation movements in colonies and semi-colonies。

As for the League of Nations，As the first universal international organization in history，Although its purpose is to maintain world peace、Peacefully resolve disputes、Prevent the recurrence of war，But in practice, it has completely become a political tool manipulated by the victorious country，Mainly from English、France and other declining European powers are struggling to survive，The rising Soviet Union and the United States on both sides bet365 offer East and West failed to participate and play a role。This also explains，The system is still a traditional European-centered model，Cannot fully reflect the reality and development trends bet365 offer international system。

　　Inspiration to bet365 offer

Looking back and reflecting on the rise and fall bet365 offer Versailles-Washington system，At least the following enlightenments can be obtained。

First，The structure bet365 offer international system, that is, the balance of international forces, often determines the nature bet365 offer international order。The emergence bet365 offer Versailles-Washington system，Highlights the international political concept and the reality of power politics bet365 offer weak and the strong。The demise bet365 offer system and the post-World War II international order that replaced it，It is also the product of architectural changes，Reflects the new reality bet365 offer global landscape，And the area is wider，More diverse members，More value，It is a truly global system。

Second，The stability bet365 offer international order，In addition to relying on the balance bet365 offer international power structure，Also depends on its fairness and reasonableness。Cannot reflect the common interests bet365 offer international community，Injustice dominated by a few countries、An irrational international power order is difficult to maintain long-term stability，The peace it builds can only be a short-lived peace。

　Third，For China，The most profound lesson is: under the order of power，If you fall behind, you will be beaten，Development is the only way out。Modern China was at the mercy of others、Suffering humiliation，It is the result bet365 offer superposition of internal and external factors。Revitalization bet365 offer old nation，Treatment of internal troubles and prevention of foreign troubles must be addressed simultaneously；But get to the root of it，Duan Lai Self-esteem、Self-improvement and self-reliance，Material prosperity、Political order、Advanced Thoughts，Indispensable。

　Fourth，The content and nature bet365 offer current international order or the post-World War II international order are relatively complex。The political and security order is based on international legal documents such as the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation and is based on the purposes and principles bet365 offer United Nations Charter、International norms and mechanisms with the United Nations as the core，Very widely representative and reasonable，Should be maintained。But there are some ingredients，Especially based on the long-term power advantage bet365 offer West、The so-called "liberal international order" that was strengthened during the Cold War and has influenced today，There is still an obvious duality of "center-periphery"，Cannot fully reflect the international situation and development needs of developing countries。In other words，The current international order and global governance system still need to be further improved，For the first time, the central position bet365 offer West in the modern international system is facing a situation that may be broken，New and Old Powers、The game between the old and new order concepts is intensifying，The future bet365 offer international system and international order is full of contradictions、Crisis and great uncertainty。

　Fifth，A more just and reasonable international order and global governance system，It depends on the major adjustment and reasonable reorganization bet365 offer power structure bet365 offer international system，It also depends on the change and progress of international order ideas。Only the former，There is no way to escape from the law bet365 offer jungle and the vicious circle of power politics bet365 offer jungle；Only the latter，It is like water without a source。Fundamentally，As a human being’s ideal pursuit，A fair and reasonable international order，The basis of its power lies in the balance bet365 offer power structure bet365 offer international system，And this first means breaking the central position bet365 offer West，Make different civilizations、Different social models can coexist equally、Harmonious symbiosis；The ideological basis lies in the general enhancement of mankind’s own awareness of “community of destiny”，Make the new concept of international order that reflects the common interests and common values ​​of mankind and the corresponding institutional norms become the universal consensus and code of conduct bet365 offer international community。

　　(The author is the director bet365 offer Asia-Pacific Development Research Center of Nanjing University、Professor)