"Speak" and "Don't Say"
September 10, 2021 08:55 Source: "China Social Sciences" September 10, 2021, Issue 2249, Issue 2249

Shakespeare once borrowed Hamlet's words "life or death,This is a question "。Yu thinks,"Say" or "No Say" is also a big problem。

Animals who are good at expressing words -people,I have to say a lot of words for a lifetime,But,I said a lot,But may not think about "saying"。For example: Who should say,Who shouldn't say? What can be said,What can't be said? Can be said,How to say it? Such problems,It is worth thinking about。

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"Before saying improperly" mainly explores two issues in ethics: "What should you say" and "the question of saying and doing"。

People should tell the truth,Should not lie。To tell the truth,describes according to the objective status of things、Communicated,This is the basic behavioral specification that humans followed together: Confucianism talks,Shijiajie delusion,Shijiajie delusion,Christian、Islam "don't lie",, etc.。Visible,Ancient and modern Chinese and foreign,Mo Neng。

It must also be explained,"To tell the truth" is not to "entrust all the truth and the truth",Aunt does not say a special occupation with a confidential discipline,Even ordinary people have the right to retain privacy -even if they face confidants or relatives。Therefore,Yu thinks that Ji Lao (Xianlin) "Fake all the words,The creed of the truth is not to say "is quite wise,It defends the bottom line and dignity of people to the greatest extent。

Speaking of "Lie",May also talk about it。Class category,"Lie" can be roughly divided into three types: "deliberate", "unintentional" and "forced"。Delicate lying,It is to make a certain goal to create、Danglizhi,This is the poison of the source,Danglizhi。"Unintentional Lie" is slightly more complicated,It includes both information dissemination without adding good land,It also includes the distorted bet365 Play online games "deformation communication"。The former is easy to understand,But whether "deformation communication" belongs to "unintentional",It is difficult to identify。Zhuangzi two thousand years ago Zhuangzi used the Confucius' mouth,Talking about the confusion: "The words of the husband and two are angry and the anger,Those who are difficult in the world also。Fu's two happy words will overflow the beauty,Two anger must overflow the evil words。"(" Zhuangzi · World World ") can be seen,Can messenger pass the information in place (of which still involves the safety of the messenger),It looks particularly important。If the messenger has no attempt to make the information "forget",This "distortion" is unintentional; if the messenger has no intention,Overall seems to have not "lying",But deliberately enlarge "Focus",Add oil to the emotional oil,Index the contradiction,It is "deliberately lying"; if the messenger keeps the way of Zhongzheng,Practicing the "Frequency of Fa Word" "Pass its common sense,No Chuan Yizi Words ",So,Although this rumor seems to lose "true",But because of its maintenance of the middle of harmony, "Excessive Emotions" — not only belonging to "Non -deliberately lying",even belongs to "Don't Lie"。Because of its choice of limited to tell the truth (so -called "truthless saying"),This is a wise "messenger"。About "forced to lie",There are also two types of,A lies of a kind of temptation for failing to resist the benefits,One is lying for various threats。Comparison of two comparisons,The latter one can still be sympathetic (but after all that violates the moral law);。

Questions about talking and travel,Mainly explore the questions of promise and good deeds。The promise is of course "Say",But this "say" must be fulfilled,The promise that cannot be fulfilled is almost just a lie,Not trusting,The so -called "Light Nuo will be a letter"。In view of this,Master's words "I am sensitive to walking and say",And that "the ancients don'Bet365 lotto review t say,Shamelessness "。Therefore,"Promise" must think carefully about the will and abilities of whether there is any action,The fast -tongue of the tongue。

Zhi Ruoshan,Must have the idea of ​​"letting the world know" and say it; if this,If you are lacking, you can Chen。Converse,The more you do (refer to good),The less you say,The higher its quality; as for the good deeds, "don't say",Dangshan。

  Can be said and cannot be said

"Before talking" is an ethical problem,"Can speak or not" is the category of language philosophy,Mainly exploring the language of the language refers to whether it can reach what it means。Language philosophy is not all modern,During the Warring States Period, Zhuangzi has proposed "those who can speak,The thickness of the object is also;,The essence of things is also ...,Differential Dizhou ",Almost includes the main problems of linguistics。

For the field of experience (including the agreed life areas、The field of knowledge is particularly empirical in natural sciences),Because the language symbols and it refers to the relationship between the existence of "one by one one by one",Therefore, it can be said。For example,Recommended bread、Car、Internet,People generally do not produce ambiguity,Generally the "rough person of things",Can be clear。For what can be made clear,Then you can talk about special words。Experience Empirical areas (actually) can be said,It is that it can get logic self -consistent within the language itself,No contradiction,No ambiguity。

In the field of experience,For example, technical experience、Aesthetic experience and even mysterious religious experience,Although you can "say",But the effect of the saying is by implying "meaning"; this saying "say" can never replace the experience itself,Therefore, "cautious"。Ruzhuangzi's ingenious craftsmanship,Emoticon for its delicate experience,"You should be in your hand and should be at your heart,You can't speak bet365 live casino games "。Similarly,It is also true for aesthetics。As for the mysterious experience of religion,It's even more that is。The peak experience of Buddhism -the realm of Zhengjue -more non -language description,Zen even has "words of words,Entrepreneurship of the Heart Destroyer ",Restrictions of Extreme Words and Language。The Buddhist Buddhist ancestors have left before the silence "I said forty -nine years,In fact, the training of the word without saying ",Available flavored: It contains both the meaning of "people cannot stick to language" (not persistent),It is also implied that the language cannot reach the experience itself。Of course,We must not completely deny the inspiration of "Say"、suggestion,Otherwise, the Buddha will not "say" forty -nine years。

Therefore,Attitude of "Said" ("Essence of things") of the experience,Effect method "Altar Scriptures" "Raodile Metaphor",Experience although it cannot be passed,But you can use the language to meet,Get its "meaning",Dang as shore abandoned raft (referring to language)。Zhuangzi said, "Get the Fish for Forget Sheng", "Get the Rabbit forgot",Wang Yan said, "Make and forget" and "Make Making Moments",West Zhewittgenstein said, "Climbing on the roof,Abandoned Ladder ",Also roughly。

In the field of "shape" (belonging to "unintentional"),Must be taciturn or not to say。The "things" in this shape cannot show "phase" in time and space; or,The object in this shape surpasses the boundary of the language -for example,,The range of the language is only one hundred meters,The stated (referring to the transcendence) beyond 150 meters,Then the language cannot be touched。Therefore,Can't say。Wittgenstein even thinks,The so -called formal system (referring to philosophy) is fundamentally misuse of language,Just "purify" the language,Fang can treat philosophy problems。Although this statement is too extreme,But it is quite alert to philosopher: Copy distinction bet365 Play online games between daily language and philosophical language,Should reflect on the division of words。For "Unspeakable" objects,Vita gives "clearly clear,The famous judgments of remarking silent ",Quite influence。Mr. Feng Youlan's so -called "philosophers must say a lot of words first,Then keep silent ",Mr. Xiong Wei's "Said,can be said;,The majesty of not to say "is affected by it。

Actually,About the statement in the shape of the shape,Oriental Gu Zhe also had wonderful theories,Zhuangzi so -called "outside Liuhe,The sage exists regardless of; within Liuhe,The sage is discussed without discussion ",can be described as incisive;,Lao Tzu also has its "words and stance" —— Barely said,"Tao of the Strong word,The name of the strong "is called big"。still need to be pointed out,The surpassing realm of the ancient ancient philosophy cannot "say",But still experienced,Therefore, modern new Confucianism has the theory of "internal transcendence",This is different from the transcendence of the Western "insulation"。

  Will say or not say

Will say or not say,Review from the effect of "saying"。The same reason,The same words,Different people "Say",The effect may be very different。

People who will say,If Bet365 lotto review the Buddha speaks the Bible,Portrait Lotus,Make life,The listener is obsessed with;,One word and one language,It is also excessive,Make life。

、The level that can be said,How to say it? Answer: Except for some knowledge、Good expression abilities,still to be conscious、Put as a camera、Shengqu、Quoting —— This is especially aimed at the educators who use "say" as the industry,Even so。

Consciousness。The situation here,Different academic power,Both the state of the speaker and the listener,It is also necessary to know the specific area of ​​the listener: different objects,Different experience、Different academic power,Therefore, "say" is also different。Confucius Answer "Ren",Different disciples,Answers are different; Bet365 lotto review the Buddha speaks the scriptures,The root device of all beings is different,It is said that it is big、Small、Yuan、Tongtong。

Put as a camera。"Say" to be "machine",Can't get the heat,It is useless,Fire with the heat,"Say" is useful。Huang Ghana Xue Road,Master Zen Master Mo Church let him participate in "Two and Three Son of Two Son as Hidden,I have no hidden Doo "。Valley thought I was Confucian,If you are so simple, the head,How unhappy is in my heart。Master of the Valley with Masako Master,Mid -Autumn Festival,A sweet -scented osmanthus fragrance drifted in,The valley can't help blurting out,"Good Wooden Blood"。Master Zen Master Masao seized this time,Point Tao: "I have no hidden。"Under the Word of Huangshan Valley。Master of Macin Church can be described as a model of "machine"。Confucius Education,"Not angry",The master of the "Education of the Movement",Disciple 3,000,Great Achievement Seventy -two,"Pick up" here。

Shengqu。In the saying of spreading knowledge or education,"Said right" is important,But the boring theory is easy to make people faint,Therefore, "say" to pay attention to fun,Because of its listener's interest,Therefore, when we take the flexible and diverse "saying" method。Shakya Hongfa,There will be all kinds of metaphors、Various slang words、All kinds of stories are integrated into Buddhism,Therefore, it can cause the audience's interest,Walked as "Lotus Poor Lotus"; "Zhuangzi" especially uses fables,33 articles,Fairy stories are as many as 150,No wonder it is sought after by students of all ages。

Introduction。"Say" for success,Must be able to think about,So "say" the function of the effect。Confucius Education,"Do not send it",is "cited thinking"; Socrates' "Assistance Skills",Questions through layers、Layer Layers,Push "Speaking" to deepen until it triggers a new idea,Can be called a model of thinking。

In addition,There is still a wonderful saying Bet365 app download -not to say。Don't say,Sometimes it is also a saying,Even the best say。Gu Zhe's discussion about this: Lao Zi said, "Those who know (wisdom) don't say,Workers do not know (Zhi) "; Confucius said" Heaven? Four o'clock,All things,Heaven Heyan "; Zhuangzi said," There is great beauty in the world without saying,Four o'clock in the four o'clock without discussion,Everything is reasonable without saying "; the" Vima Sutra "says" a silent like a thunder "; Bai Juyi said" silently better at this time "...,"Unable to say" or "difficult to say" in the philosophical "unspeakable",It also contains the meaning of wisdom or emotional tacit understanding,This situation is this scene,The language becomes an extra。

Don't say,Sometimes it is also a realm,or even a very high realm。

Editor in charge: Changchang
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