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　　Xu Qixin (1906-1988)，Original name heard，Jieyang, Guangdong，Economist，The pioneer and practitioner of the Chineseization of Marxist Economics。Xu Dixin actively explored the road of the development of China's new democratic economy during the democratic revolution，and achieve outstanding progress in the combination of Marxism and China's new democratic economic research，Its economical ideas are very rich and distinctive，Especially theory and practice of socialist transformation、The role of value law in the socialist economy、Studies in the relationship between socialist production and ecological environment have achieved very clear and significant results，Earlier to promote the historical process of Sinicization of Marxist economics，Make a significant contribution to the construction of the Chinese Marxist economics system。 

　　After 1926，Xu Dixin has been at Sun Yat -sen University、Xiamen University、Study from Shanghai Labor University，He has a strong interest in political economics，From this starting to study "Capital"。Joined the Communist Party of China in 1933，Once the secretary of the party group of the Chinese Social Scientist Alliance、Member of the Cultural Committee of the Shanghai Bureau of the Communist Party of China。Anti -Japanese War period，Ren Wuhan、Editor in Chongqing "Xinhua Daily"，Editor -in -chief of the Mass Weekly。Liberation war period，As an editorial board of the "Mass" in Hong Kong and founded the Economic Herald。Autumn 1948，President of the Communist Party of China Working Committee of the Communist Party of China，The name "Fang Chao"，Editor -in -chief of the "Economic Life" of the Hong Kong "Dagong"。After the founding of New China，His member of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China、Minister of the United Front Work Department，East China Finance Committee and Deputy Director of the Shanghai Finance Committee、Director of the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Commerce，Deputy Minister of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Director of the State Administration Bureau，Vice Dean of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Director of the Institute of Economic Research，President of Shantou University，Vice President of the theoretical Research Association of the China United Front、President of the Chinese Population Society and the chairman of the Chinese Ecological Economics Society，He also served as a member of the editorial committee of the "Chinese Encyclopedia" and the director of the Editorial Committee of the "Chinese Encyclopedia · Economics"。After 1956，Xu Dixin has been elected as the eight representatives of the Communist Party of China，The third member of the CPPCC National Committee and the National People's Congress No. 1、3、5、Sixth Representative，Fifth of the National People's Congress、Member of the Sixth Standing Committee。

Xu Dixin is a Marxist economist with rich experience in economic work。His research field is very wide，While studying and promoting the theory of Marxist economics，Focus on the combination of China's economic construction practice with Marxism theory，Therefore, it has vigorously promoted the Chineseization of Marxist economics。His research results are very rich，Self -Chengcheng System。Before 1949，His works mainly include "Modern China Economic Course", "Road to China Economic", "Economic Theory", "Bulletin Capital", "New Democraticism and Chinese Economy", "New Democratic Economic Theory", etc.。The works after the founding of the New China include "Broadly Political Economics", "Economic Thoughts", "Analysis of the National Economy during the Transition of China", "On the Production and Distribution of Socialism", "Xueli New Economy Selected", "Chinese Society "Problems in the Development of Bet365 lotto review the Economic Economy" "The Reform of the Chinese National Economy", "Exploration of Ecological Economics", "Xu Di New Selection", "Population of Contemporary China", "Wind Crazy Cream Records", "Xu Di New Collection", etc.;、"History of the Development of Chinese Capitalism" (three volumes)、"Chinese Encyclopedia · Economics" (three volumes), etc.。Although there are some historical limitations due to the inevitable limitations of these works in the times，But it is also practical to leave many valuable ideological wealth and experience accumulation for the development of socialist economic theory and economic work practice in my country。Combine the development of its writings in combination with the historical background，You can take a glimpse of Xu Dixin, a revolutionary、The theorists and economic work leaders have multiple roles and have long adhered to the in -depth combination of universal theory and special practice、Outstanding Life of Knowing and Fingithful。

Research on the Research on Marxist Political Economics of Sinicization 

After the outbreak of the Anti -Japanese War in 1937，Xu Dixin was released by the party organization and sent to Wuhan to participate in the founding of the party magazine "Mass" Weekly and the Party News "Xinhua Daily"。I am，There are often readers who come to ask questions about learning political economics。He deeply feels that even if he reads many political economics books，but still unable to solve the practical problems he contacted，Because of different countries、The economic and social development of the nation has its own characteristics，Can't mechanically copy the theory of other countries to guide the country's economic development practice。From this，Xu Di has produced a wish to write a general theory that combines Marxism -Leninism with China's specific economic situation.。So，In the enlightenment of "Establishing Broadly Political Economics" proposed by Engels in 1877 and Mao Zedong's "Make Marxism in China"，He started studying broad political economics in the early 1940s，Flows to write a suitable for Chinese national conditions，Can explain China's economic phenomenon，Broadly political and economics works on solving China's economic problems and future development paths。After years of hard work，"Broadly Political Economics" of the three volumes finally came out in 1949 and 1954。This book is hailed by the theory of the theory of the theory of the economy of Marxist economic theory，Xu Lao is therefore respected as a pioneer of Chinese broad political economy。

spring 1960，Premier Zhou Enlai proposed to Xu Dixin，Now the transformation of the Chinese capitalist economy has been basically completed，It should be a historical summary of it，and give him the task of writing a "History of the Development of Chinese Capitalism"。So，Xu Dixin regards the writing of this work as an important academic practice of the concreteness of Marxism theory in China，Planning in 1962，Collect sorting information。Affected by the "Cultural Revolution"，The plan was interrupted for a while。but but，During this period，He devoted himself to studying the classic，"Boiled black tea bubble，Read "Card Bi" ("Capital Theory")，Read read、Multi -dimensional meaning of Marx's "Capital"，Write 450,000 words of notes。Based on this，In 1979, Xu Di wrote and published "On the production of socialism、Circulation and Distribution (Reading Capital Notes) ""。In this work，His prompts about economic category and economic laws after the abolition of the principal -funded production method in Marx's "Capital" as a clue，Specifically examined the practice of Chinese socialist construction，and build your own theoretical system。1983，He also revised this book to revise and reprinted。1978，The book "History of China Capitalism" also began to organize writing teams to re -work。He drafted the guidance idea，Written outline，Write the total order。until 1993，This three volumes of more than 2 million words of this economic bet365 best casino games history，Finally completed under his guidance。

1977，Xu Dixin was serving as the director of the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，commissioned by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Ministry of Education，As the editor -in -chief，Writing a "Political Economy Dictionary" that is suitable for the majority of cadres and teachers and students of colleges and universities。This three -volume "Political Economics Dictionary" (published in 1980 and 1981) collected the great success of domestic political economy research at the time，After publishing, it is welcomed by readers。To improve popularity，1983，Xu Dixin also presided over and published the "Dictionary of Concise Political Economics"。1978，The State Council decided to edit and publish the "Chinese Encyclopedia"。Xu Dixin served as a member of the editor -in -chief of the "All Encyclopedia of China"，Editor -in -chief of the "Chinese Encyclopedia · Economics"。He organizes national colleges and universities、Hundreds of experts and scholars in research institutions and financial departments。These two large daughters were in 1980、Published in 1988，They are since the founding of New China，Especially the important stage historical summary of the theoretical research results of political economics since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee。This series of economics reference books for popularization of economics，It has significant significance for economics research and service economic construction.。

Comprehensive construction of new democratic economic theory and its policy system 

In the war era，Due to work relationship，Xu Dixin is both against imperialism、Feudal and bureaucratic capitalism has a deep understanding of the current status of the national economy under the oppression of the old China，It also has a deep understanding of the practice of new democratic economic theories and policies in the liberated area，Become a Marxist economist who has a significant influence at that time，The forefront of economic research at that time。This period，Some of his economics monographs mainly explore the economic form of new democraticism and its economic policy，His issue of rural land policy and land reform、Commercial circulation and domestic market issues、Price and currency circulation problems have in -depth research，and achieved fruitful results。

In "New Democratic Economic Theory"，Xu Dixin has an extremely uneven condition for rural land in China，clarified the "divide land" policy of the Communist Party of China，Discuss the necessity and feasibility of "dividing land"，expanded the political influence of the Chinese Communist Party's land policy。Xu Dixin believes that "dividing land" is an important policy for the Communist Party of China to solve the problem of farmers' land during the democratic revolution.，But "Division of Land" is not "alternative"，Among them, a part of the average level of land insurance from ordinary farmers must be allowed to be higher than the average level of land income from ordinary poor farmers;、Promoting agricultural collective、The height of the development of rural productivity，Put forward "Distribution of Land by Average Population"。His ideological discussions，The land policy of the Communist Party of China at that time and the land revolution before the founding of the New China played an important publicity and cooperation function。Xu Dixin also discussed the necessity and significance of land reform from the perspective of "cooperation economy"。He proposed: Land reform, especially "average distribution of land"，It can promote farmers to become an independent individual economy，Then create conditions for "economic cooperation of agriculture"，and finally promote farmers to collectively。Xu Dixin believes that the key foundation of the economic cooperation of agriculture is that farmers first really have individual economic conditions，That is, farmers have undergone land reforms "have become independent individual economies with land, farming, capital, Bet365 lotto review and seed fertilizer"，Only the foundation and conditions to move towards the cooperation economy; only "completely allocate land"，Farmers can get rid of the restraint of feudal production relations，So as to have an independent individual economic qualification，The vast rural areas also "have conditions to be collective"。This reveals the historical necessity of land reform and its rural production relationship、The significance of promoting the development of rural productivity。other，The land reform movement of his "average distribution of land" belongs to the "capitalist category" instead of socialism，It also responded to many questions in society。

Xu Dixin believes，The difference between the new democratic society and the socialist society is，In a new democratic society，Private capitalism on behalf of the small and medium -sized bourgeoisie，It is still an indispensable component in production，He advocates to effectively broaden the domestic market and strengthen trade by creating various conditions that meet the requirements of the development of the new democratic economic development of China and strengthen trade。So，In the "Road of China Economy"，Xu Dixin analyzed the status of the affiliates of the old Chinese business and its serious impact on the Chinese economy。He pointed out，China's business is in the attached position of the foreign imperialist commodity economy，Serving industrial raw materials for foreign countries、needs to promote foreign products，Therefore, the entire domestic business has become the "import product that sells imperialist powers or manufacturing in China，Economic Organizations that absorb raw materials for them "，Domestic business becomes a belonging to the business business。The economic aggression of foreign capitalism and the attached status of Chinese business caused by it，Not only has the fatal impact on China's industry but also Chinese agriculture and handicraft industry。And the attached status of Chinese business，also enables foreign goods (agricultural products or handicrafts) to enter China smoothly，This situation is a "high -pressure competition" for Chinese farmers and handicrafts.。Based on this，He believes that the important step of China's economic development is to focus on national regulation，More focused on developing free trade，Develop capitalism to a certain extent，and expand the domestic market as a key task for domestic trade。Xu Dixin believes，At that time, the monopoly manipulation of big bureaucratic capital，The country's organization and regulation role in the market is certainly indispensable，But from the general direction of the domestic market，Liberation farmers、The development of handicraft industry and the establishment of new industries have a key role in promoting the formation of the domestic market，Its purpose is to effectively expand the domestic market by establishing various conditions that meet the commodity economy，Therefore, developing free trade is very important。Not only that，In view of the fact that some people thought that new democratic countries were in a disadvantage in foreign trade，Xu Dixin also advocates actively developing foreign trade、Use foreign investment reasonably，To enhance the economic strength of new democratic countries。

Xu Dixin's research on new democratic economic theory and its policy system，Real connection with the new democratic society at that time，Especially price issues and currency problems behind it。At the end of the Anti -Japanese War，Xu Dixin noticed that the problem of rising prices in Chinese society，It is believed that the entry and continuous inflation of American goods are the two major factors affecting prices。In "Modern China Economic Course"，He analyzed the stability characteristics of the prices of the liberated area and the special features of prices in the development of new democratic economy。Compare the capitalist society and the new democratic society，He believes in the new democratic country，Price becomes a tool for leadership and transforming individual economy and bet365 live casino games capitalist components，It has become a tool for developing national economy and regulating national income，Tools for expanding the proportion of the country's economy and cooperation economy in the entire country's economy，That is to say，It has become a tool for building a new democratic economy and moving towards a socialist society。About currency issues，Xu Dixin Study believes，Although in the new democratic society，The commodity economy is in an underdeveloped stage，But under the necessary commodity economy，All commercials are all through currency commodity trading，The need for this kind of commodity form also establishes the necessary currency，So，Currency in the new democratic economy is still for production、Life plays a great role。Of course，Xu Dixin believes，Currency in the new democratic economy is still significantly different from the currency in the general commodity economy and society，Especially the circulation function of currency、Exchange media function、The payment function has changed a lot。At that time, the prices and currency issues of the new democratic economy were derived from the specific life practice of the liberated area，Xu Dixin's research truly reflects the particularity of the economy of the liberated area，provides good material and theoretical preparation for the research and practice of new democratic economic forms。

Guide to promote the research of Chinese socialist economic theory 

After the founding of New China，Xu Dixin has long been the leadership position of the government economic department，Participated in the restoration of the national economy、The whole process of implementing socialist transformation of the capitalist economy，Theoretically studying the economic laws of the transition period and the socialist system in theory。

Xu Dixin's practice of capitalist industrial and commercial transformation，It demonstrates the process of mutual growth of socialist economic laws and capitalist economic laws。He thinks，Capitalism industrial and commercial business from processing or order to public and private partnership，Especially after the implementation of fixed interest，Due to the changes in objective economic conditions and internal production relations，Capitalist surplus value rules、General rules accumulated by capitalism，All will be gradually limited，to lose effect，This is replaced by the accumulation of socialism，Capitalist competition and production of anarchic state status law、Distribution according to capital，It will also be seriously limited，The planned development law of the national economy、Allocation of distribution according to labor，Finally occupy a leader in the company。In the study of the socialist national economy，He thinks，The law of value not only does not lose its room for existence，and still producing、Continue to play a certain role in the process of circulation and distribution。

The socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in the 1950s has been completed，Socialist public ownership economy has been basically established，How to carry out socialist economic construction，The needs of this economic practice put forward new requirements for theoretical discussion。Starting in 1957，Xu Di started to study and explore Chinese socialist economic operation，Written and published or published the "Analysis of the National Economy during the Transitional period of China", "On my country's Socialist Economy", "Reform of the Chinese National Economy" and other works。In these works，His rich historical material，systematically summarized the objective process of the formation and development of China's socialist economy，and from industry、Agriculture、Trade、National income distribution and social reproduction，Comprehensively examined economic changes in different nature of economic laws。

July 1977，Xu Di New Director of the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，1978 Vice Dean。At this time，At the time of the disorder，After Xu Di Xin Zhou secret inspection，Deeply solve Bet365 lotto review the problem of solving "God and Temple" and "Save Man's Models" is the top priority。Xu Di Xin is decisive and pragmatic and dares to be responsible，In the process of editor -in -chief dictionary，invited some old experts who have been politically grievances in the "Cultural Revolution" for a long time, but the policy has not been implemented、Old professor。Among them, Di Chaobai assisted him to grab the dictionary，Xu Xuehan、Tao Dazhen、Gu Nianliang、Su Xintao and others attend the dictionary compilation work。The other is the problem of building a "temple"。Xu Dixin reported on the national plan at the Party Group of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Focus on raising questions for the establishment of the Social Sciences Branch，directly promoted the provinces、City、Establishment of a first -level research institution in the autonomous region。

Xu Di still maintains the economy of our country、The keen insight of many major issues in social development，Special emphasis on except to comply with economic laws，Also abide by the laws of nature and the law of population。The early 1980s，The pace of economic reform in my country has just opened，Xu Lao, who has been seventy year, deeply feels the serious harm caused by the damage of the ecological environment in the economic development process，Starting Study on Ecological Environmental Issues。He took the lead in creating a cross science combining economics with Chinese socialist characteristics and natural sciences -ecological economics。He thinks，Ecological science is from an ecological perspective，Economics must have a number。Marxist ecological economics should really stand up，Not only do you have the right point of view，Theoretically has sufficient persuasion，At the same time, it is necessary to solve a "quantity" problem。Under his proposal and advocacy，September 1980 held the first academic seminar composed of economists and natural scientists in our history，Scientific research institutions and scholars decided to set up ecological economics; November 1982，"Ecological Economics Research Office" is officially established at the Institute of Economic Research，Established the "Society of Ecological economics" in February of the following year，Xu Dixin was elected as the president of the Society of Ecological Economics，The founder of the ecological economics in my country。other，He also realizes the serious harm brought about by the "left" of the "left" population of "how good people do"，Start on the study of population problems。He proposed，Population growth If it is not planned，Social production and society needs to lose balance，It will affect the expansion of reproduction，and emphasize the need to abide by the law of population that is closely related to production development。Xu Dixin advocated and organized two population learning seminars，Restore population research。Autumn 1980，Created the China Population Science Research Center; when the China Population Society was established in 1981，He was selected as the chairman。

Efforts to promote Sinicization of Marxist economics 

Looking at the economic thoughts of Xu Dixin's various periods、Theoretical research and work practice，The main line that runs through is the specific combination of Marxist theory and Chinese practice，Guide to promote the Chineseization of Marxist economics，He has also become an important pioneer and comprehensive practitioner of Marxist Sinicization。

Xu Dixin always adheres to Engels' point of view，Think that Marx's entire world view is not a doctrine but a method，Can't understand it with a dogmatic way，should be used as the starting point for further research and the method for research and use。In "The History of the Development of Chinese Capitalism"，Xu Dixin changed the long -term political economics research for slavery in Greece、Rome is typical，The feudal system is typical of Western Europe，Not only researching the production of capitalism、exchange and distribution form，It also compares and focuses on the semi -colonial semi -feudal economy of bet365 live casino games China，The struggle between the national economy of other third world countries and the dependence and trade of the economy of these countries、Debt crisis, etc.。The "Capital Theory" notes written during the "Cultural Revolution"，The core content of socialist economic problems，Focusing on the prompt of "Capital" for future society，Book names "Socialist production when publishing、circulation and distribution "。

Xu Dixin in the "Introduction" in the first volume of "Broadly Political Economics"，Clearly explained the proposition of "Sinicization of Political Economics"。He thinks，"Sinicization" refers to Marxism -Leninist political economics，Not only part of the capitalist system，It also includes the previous part of capitalism。If those previous capitalist economies are abandoned，It will be disconnected from the real semi -colonial semi -feudal Chinese economy。Xu Dixin believes，Sinicization of political economics must be based on China's economic history as an analysis.，Objectives based on the economic structure of Chinese society，But he does not recognize the system directly based on the "Capital theory"，Start analysis from China's product form。He pointed out that "Capital Theory" is based on capitalist society as the research object，System that adapts to the capitalist economic structure，It cannot be directly used to analyze or describe the semi -colonial and semi -feudal Chinese economy。Xu Dixin also does not agree with the "Chinese economics" method，He believes that China's economy has its characteristics，But it is not the general insulation of the social and economic development with other countries in the world，Only the universal truths of the social and economic stages of the society and economy around the world are compared and compared，can it show its characteristics。

Xu Di Xin's "Sinicization" proposition of Marxist economics，The economic research he is engaged in throughout the economic construction practice led by the Communist Party of China in different historical periods，closely related to the economic work he is engaged。Xu Dixin not only pays attention to and emphasizes the guiding position of Marxist economics theory，Pay close attention to major economic problems in reality，and is committed to explaining and promoting the economic policy of the party in different historical periods，Economic construction serving different historical stages of China。These theories and work practice，Not only reflects the distinctive political characteristics of Xu Dixin's academic research，It also reflects its research and respect for practice and pragmatic spirit。Outstanding achievements made in different historical periods，It has laid an important ideological and theoretical basis for further research on socialist economic issues，It is an important pioneer and practitioner of the veritable Marxist economics in China。

(Author Unit: Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)