Cao Yanhua (1906-1978)，Sichuan Leshan people，In 1926, he was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages ​​of Tsinghua University，In 1931, I entered the Tsinghua University Research Institute for study。Going to Yan'an in 1939，Teacher of the Department of Literature of Ren Lu Xun Academy of Art。Joined the Communist Party of China in 1940。From 1944 to 1961, he worked in Marxist translation in the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，Control of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、Translation team leader、Deputy Director of the Compilation Department，Deputy Director of the Complete Works of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China。Joining the Chinese Writers Association in 1953，In 1962，Ren Researcher，Dist in September 1978。He uses poetry as a knife and gun，Disposal of Japanese imperialist invasion of China，Stimulate the enthusiasm of the masses to resist Japan; use poetry as a medium，Record new life in the liberated area，Let people know that the Chinese Communist Party can represent the future of the nation。The translation introduction of his long -term dedication to the classic works of Marxism -Leninism and the theory of proletarian literary theory，Translated Marx、Engels、Lenin、Stalin、Gorky、Laopi and others' works，Representative translations include "Marnes' thesis Arts", "The Literature of the Soviet Union", "Lenin", "Dialectics of Nature", "The Outline of Political Economics", "The Selection of Literature", "On Art", "New Philosophy Outline", "History of History" "Materialism and Dialectic Materialism", etc.，Representative translation of literary theory works and articles include "Science and Poetry", "Modern Poetry Theory", "Poetry and Propaganda", "Disciplinary", "The World of Poetry", etc.，The collection of poems in publishing includes "Poetry Soul", "Spirit Flame", "Over -the -day Song", "The Titling Grass", "Song of Production", etc.，For the War of Resistance Against Japan、The Liberation War and the establishment of and the establishment of Marxism during the establishment and construction of the New China have made important contributions in China and the prosperity of cultural undertakings。 

Cao Yanhua is an early translator of Marxist classic works、Communicationer and poet。1938，The Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed the task of "make Marxism concretely in China"，Translating Marxist classic works are necessary prerequisite for learning to promote and study Marxist theory。Under the condition of relatively scarce translation talents at that time，Cao Yanhua brought the "authentic" Marxist theory to China，Translated Marx、Engels、Lenin、Plierhanov and others a large number of classic works，To promote Marxist theory, especially Marxist art theory, spread in China，Promote Marxist philosophy、Political Science、Literature、Art Studies、Logic、Development of ideological and theories such as military science，Make an indelible contribution。

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During studying at Tsinghua University，Cao Yanhua read a large number of outstanding literary works，Layed a deep literary foundation，Startworthy poem writing。1929，Publishing Poetry Collection "lyric 13"。1930，Publishing Poetry Collection "Poetry Soul"，I heard it、Xu Zhimo、Zhu Xiang and other new rhythm poetry poets' attention。1931，He entered the Tsinghua University Research Institute to continue his studies。During this period，He insists on creating poetry，Translated a large number of foreign poetry and introduced Western literature theory。1932，Publishing Poetry Collection "Spirit Flame" and "Setting Sun Song"。From 1934，The translation of the "Poetry and Criticism" column of "Peiping Morning News" in "Beiping Morning News"，"Poetry and Propaganda" in T. S. Eliot、Herbert Read's "Modern British Poetry", "On Hidden", "The World of Poetry", etc.。1935，After graduating, go to the board of directors Bet365 app download of the China Culture Fund to engage in full -time translation work。In the same year，In the translation of "Literature Quarterly" translation, I published "Two Strange Jie in French Literature", "Two French symbol poets", "Poet La Foger", etc.。1937，Publishing Poetry Collection "巉", "Untitled Grass"，Translation Published I. A. Ruicheci’s "Science and Poetry"，Compiled T. S. Eliot at the same time、i. A. Ruicheci、"Modern Poetry Theory"。

This period，Cao Yanhua’s poetic creation talent is further displayed，I have tried the Crescent Monthly Pie、symbolist、Modern Poetry Creation Style，All achievements，Become a poet in Tsinghua Garden。other，He also translates a large number of Western modernist poetry theory and literary criticism，Make up the lack of theoretical in theory at that time，Enhance people's understanding of Western poetry creation。In this period, he is full of idealism，shows care of reality，This laid the ideological and professional foundation for him to devote himself to the cause of the nation's liberation。

　　Poetry as the horn as the corner of the anti -Japanese war to save the country 

The outbreak of the "Lugou Bridge Incident" in 1937，It's like a thunderbolt，Cao Yanhua, who was awakened in poetic expression。With the deepening of reality，The pain of the national crisis in his heart has covered the pure personal literature ideal，The pain of nationality has inspired his patriotic enthusiasm，Let his poems find a focus point from the shift of the creative individual，He started to create a large number of anti -Japanese poems，to evoke the enthusiasm of the Anti -Japanese War of the whole nation。Under the call of "to open up literary and artistic" in the improvement of the literary and art circles，He left Peiping south，Back to Chengdu，Ren English Teacher。After the lesson，He goes on the street，Enter the lives of the people，Actively participate in the rally、Parade，Exchange with progressive youth，Extinction of unlimited fighting enthusiasm。New Year's Day 1938，He and Sha Ting、Zhou Wen and other writers set up the "Literature and Art Association"，To strengthen the literary and art circles、Contact between patriots in the press，Expand the Anti -Japanese War Literature and Art position。In the same year，Poetry of the themes of the Anti -Japanese War on "We Are" and "Uncontroller"。In "We are the poet"，He called "We are poetom author，/We are cultural people，/We are a member of the battle。/Our heads of head，/Store 5,000 years of national thought，/freedom，Bo Ai and Equality;/Our wide shoulders，/Bareings of 40 million people's volunteers，/fair，Happiness and Peace "。(Chen Li、Edited by Chen Xiaochun: "Poet、Translator Cao Yanhua (Poetry Volume)，Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House 2010) The content of poetry is profound、Vivid rhythm、Vibrant vitality，Show a deep roar from a young poet to the future of the motherland，Expressed nation、Country、The people of the people suffer from abnormalities，Explain the strong beliefs of the unyielding and resistance of the Chinese nation。At the same time，Poetry contains his thinking on his mission of his own and intellectual groups，Delivery spiritual food for soldiers，To knock the alarm clock for the masses，Become "Pioneer、Pioneer、Pioneer "，To condense the most majestic power through writing and shouts，evoked the resistance of the whole nation。He completely changed the empty style of preference fantasy and expressing depression，Give up the self -expression of pure individual，No longer pursuing formal grand grandaur，Instead of pursuing things，Revolutionary soldiers who shouted for unity and anti -Japanese。

January 1938，The Sichuan Working Committee of the Communist Party of China is established in Chengdu。The Sichuan Working Committee of the Communist Party of China actively uses the "Lock", "Xingmang News", "Student Student Shi Journal" to publicize the Anti -Japanese National United Front，A positive response was generated in the school and the rescue group，The influence quickly expands。Cao Yanhua is in contact with the "Student Student Shi"，I have a preliminary understanding and understanding of Yan'an，Political and ideological Bet365 app download identity in the CCP。October 1938，Wuhan lost，The situation of the anti -Japanese situation is getting more severe。January 1939，The Kuomintang passed the "Measures for Restricting Alien Party"，Further restricting the progress of the Communist Party of the State District，The work committee of the Sichuan Working Committee of the Communist Party of China is facing many difficulties。In the second half of 1939，Sichuan frequently was bombed by the Japanese army。Facing the dual pressure of the Japanese invaders and the Kuomintang，Sichuan began to transfer revolutionary forces。December 1939，Under the careful planning and close deployment of the Chuankang Special Committee，A group of Communist Party members and progressive people，The opportunity to enroll from Sichuan with the "Second Theater National Revolution University"，Exemptation of Sichuan，Running to Shanxi，Cao Yanhua is in this column。Later, due to the "Jinxi Incident" due to the second theater "，They change their destination to Yan'an。Before leaving，He wrote: "I look up at northwest，/breathe fresh air;/I carry the bag，/I hope the whistle blows;/The soul burns，/Life Surging "(Chen Li、Edited by Chen Xiaochun: "Poet、Translator Cao Yanhua (Poetry Volume) ")，Reflected his desire to embrace the new world。

　　Blind national hope with revolutionary wildfire 

1940 summer，Cao Yanhua arrived at Yan'an，Teach at the Department of Literature, Literature of the Academy of Arts of Lu Xun。This period，He really entered the middle of the labor people，transformed into one of the molecules，Get the new life of thought。He will admire Yan'an as "the Great Northwest/Twentieth Century Yale Sausa"。Poetry Collection "Song of Production" records Yan'an Autumn Harvest、The hot scene of the wasteland，Although "The hand is cracking/the foot is stalemate/the heart is hot"，He felt the flames of the revolutionary flames and burned，Revolutionary ideal is more firm，"There is wild fire on the ridge/is hope/illuminates the mountain trail/young and brisk footsteps"。He decided "You not only use pen/but also use your name on the modern history page/record your name"。"Song of Production" also records the life of the people，Express the Chinese people when it shows the difficulties of the nation，Perspective of the Chinese nation、The Chinese people will resume river mountains、It will not be defeated。"Song of Production" also records his praise for the CCP，A firm confidence in winning the Chinese revolution will win，full of revolutionary realism and romantic atmosphere of fighting，"I see/Yellow River/countless ethnic groups/stretch the arms/carry the flag/climb your back/go to the Central Plains/Battle/Blood/Blood for the Motherland/Forever Breathing"。In this period，His contact and deepening his understanding and understanding of Marxism，He wrote in "Song of Production": "Back to the kiln cave/under a light/will read Marx ..."

With the understanding of the Chinese Revolution, it becomes more deeper、The understanding of Marxism -Leninism is becoming more and more deeper，Cao Yanhua decided to dedicate everything to the Communist Party of China，Dedicated to the great revolutionary cause，Then joined the Communist Party of China in 1940。

1940，Cao Yanhua began to translate Marxist classic works。In the same year，Xinhua Bookstore released "Marx, Engels Leinen Art"。1941，Qixi Club published Cao Yanhua、Blue Sky Translation of Lapo and Harchawa "Actor and Director"。1943，North China Bookstore published Cao Yanhua's translation of Gorky "Soviet Literature"。

1942，Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium was held one month before convening，Mao Zedong, please talk about Yan'an literary and art circles。Cao Yanhua participated in the collective conversation between the teachers of Mao Zedong and Lu Xun Academy of Art。In the conversation，Mao Zedong opened the door to see the mountain mentioned，"Are you advocating to praise the light? I heard that you have grievances。A person has not suffered grievances for ten years and eight years，It means that education is not enough "。When Cao Yanhua mentioned that he was a Sichuan Jiading person，Mao Zedong said: "China has two Jiading，One in Sichuan，One in Zhejiang。Jiading in Sichuan is Bet365 lotto review a water land terminal。"(Yu Jun Road、Editor -in -chief: "Mao Zedong's Division"，People's Publishing House 1991) I heard that Cao Yanhua had lived and work in Chengdu，Mao Zedong also asked who is the specific person of Chengdu celebrities "Five Old and Seven Sages"? Because Cao Yanhua went to Yan'an for only half a year in Chengdu，I only heard of the total name of the "Five Old and Seven Sages"，I haven't inquired about anyone。Mao Zedong quickly transferred the topic to Yan'an Intellectuals，Emphasize to create a touching work that reflects the Anti -Japanese War，It is necessary to go deep into the lives of the people to observe、Thinking、To settle，Standing on the standpoint of the people and the people can write good works。Subsequent，Mao Zedong also talked about his "humanity、Understanding of human love and sympathy "，I contain dialectical thinking about big love and Xiaoai，Breaking through the narrow understanding of sympathy，Emphasized revolutionary and people's nature。This conversation can be described as deafening，Let him have a deeper thinking about "What is art"，Abandoned the so -called "elite consciousness"，His creation is closer to the people，more service to the masses of workers and peasants，Consciously use Marxist belief to guide all your creative practice。May 1942，Cao Yanhua was invited to participate in the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium。He is more clear about why literature and art service，The principle of strengthening literature and art to serve the people。

　　Promote revolutionary practice with revolutionary theory 

October 1938，Mao Zedong made a political report on the sixth plenary session of the 6th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in the 6th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.，Specifically proposed the "Sinicization of Marxism" problem，Emphasize the importance of learning。He pointed out，Our task "is a big nation that leads a tens of thousands of people，Unprecedented great struggle。So，Generally studying the task of Marxism -Leninism in depth，For us，It is a big problem that needs to be solved urgently and must be focused on solving "，and call for the whole party to start a learning competition。In this background，Learning and propagating Marxism as an important job。This work requires translation and dissemination of classic Marxist -Leninist works，Need a batch of intellectuals who are proficient in foreign languages ​​to join。May 1943，The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made "Decision on Translation Work in 1943"，Emphasize the extreme importance of "translation work, especially the translation work of classical works of Marxism -Leninism"，It is required to treat the translation work "as the most responsible for the party and must be completed on time"。This provides an opportunity and foundation for Cao Yanhua's transition from a poet to the translator，The change of his personal thought and the needs of the party have formed an inherent fit。

January 1944 to 1949，Cao Yanhua went to work at the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，He will devote all his energy to the translation of Marxist classic works。1949，Xinhua Bookstore Jinchaji Branch published his translation of "Dawn of the New Era"。1947，North China Xinhua Bookstore published his translated Lenin's "The Two Strategy of the Social Democratic Party in the Democratic Revolution"。1948，North China Xinhua Bookstore published his translation of Stalin's "Anarchism or Socialism?" "And Lenin's" Materials Theory and Experience Criticism Theory "。1949，East China Xinhua Bookstore published He Liliang Translation、"Soviet Union Society" by Cao Yanhua School。In the same year，People's Publishing House published the "Land Problem theory (Part 1)" translated by Cao Yanhua's translation "" "Development of Russian Capitalism" and "Lenin、The book "Logic" Abstract "，Cao Yanhua、"The role of labor in the process of apes to man" translated by Yu Guangyuan，Liberation Agency published the "Coalition (Club) History Research Outline" edited by Cao Yanhua translated by Cao Yanhua，The Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China published the "Outline of the Party's Construction Tutorial" edited by Cao Yanhua's translation。This period，Bet365 lotto review The translation content of Cao Yanhua involves the choice of revolutionary roads、Land Questions、About the doctrine of the party and the country，greatly promoted the development of revolutionary work。

Cao Yanhua's sorrow for translation，Invest in tight work anytime, anywhere，Always struggle on the cultural front。According to Yan Youqiang、Cao Zhongkan Memories，"Sometimes I work in a cave in the fellow; sometimes I simply on the open space outside the cave。He keeps translating like this。Transfer from Shaanxi to Linxian, Shanxi，Migrate Chenlanzhuang, Fuping County, Hebei，After 1948, I arrived in Xibaipo ... Where did he go，Where do you bring the translation work，Never interrupted "。(Chen Li、Edited by Chen Xiaochun: "Poet、Translator Cao Yanhua (Historical Materials · Review Volume)))) Even in the most difficult environment，He also insists on high -intensity translation work; even under the most critical conditions，He also carries a large number of Marxist theoretical classics with him。It can be said，Translation of Marxist theoretical classics has almost become all of his life。

　Construction of New China with the heart of Chizi 

After the founding of New China，The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China released the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Strengthening theoretical Education (Draft)"，Emphasize "the party's Marx Leninism、Education of Mao Zedong Thought，It must be greatly strengthened。This is to improve cadres、The fundamental method of improving work "。deployed three -step learning plan，That is "first level，Learning politics common sense。Grade II，Study theoretical common sense。Level 3，Learn Marx、Engels、Lenin、Stalin's theoretical work and Mao Zedong's theoretical work "。Therefore，Translation Published more Marxist theory works，Form a systematic theoretical system，It is a necessary prerequisite for learning and work。In this background，Cao Yanhua with greater enthusiasm，Investment in the translation work。

1950，Liberation Agency published the "Outline of Political Economics Research" translated by Cao Yanhua and Shi Bin and the "Introduction to Natural Dialectics" of Engels translated by Cao Yanhua and Yu Guangyuan，People's Publishing House published "Different from Opinions in the Party" translated by Cao Yanhua and Zhang Enterprise、Zhang Zhongshi and Cao Yahua's "Lenin、Stalin on China "、"Form Logic and Material Dialectics" translated by Cao Yanhua and Xie Ningjie。1951，People's Publishing House published the "Engels on Housing Issues" translated by Cao Yanhua and Guan Qixuan、Ji Xianlin and Cao Yanhua's translation of "Marx Theory of India"，The Publishing Bureau of the Foreign Book Publishing Bureau published "National Issues and Leninism" translated by Cao Yanhua and Mao Anqing，Youth Publishing House published the "two resolutions on the work of the Communist Party (Bu) on the work of youth" translated by Cao Yanhua and Mao Anqing。1952，People's Publishing House published the "What Heritage Do We Reject" by Lenin translated by Cao Yanhua and Mao Anqing、Cao Yanhua's translation of "Engels Military Paper Selection Sixth Branch: Pu Fa War" and Stalin's "Soviet Socialist Economic Issues"。1954，People's Literature Publishing House published the "Soviet Literature and Art Issues" translated by Cao Yanhua and Marx's "Thesis Art"。1954，People's Publishing House published the "War" translated by Cao Yanhua's "War" and Lenin's "Party's Organization and the Party's Literature" and Yufchuk's "Dublukov"、Cao Yanhua and Cao Yingying translated "" "Promotion of the British Workers Class Status"、"A encouragement" of Qilin translated by Cao Yanhua and Lin Mu，East China People's Publishing House published the "Report on the Initial Democratic School of the proletariat to the petty bourgeoisie democratic school" translated by Cao Yanhua and Zhang Lixiu，Life · Reading · Xinzhi Sanlian Bookstore published the "" Declaration of the Communist Party "translated by Cao Yanhua's Pa Fei Eugene and others，New Literature Publishing House published Cao Yanhua's translation of "Research on the Creation of Gorky"。1957，People's Publishing House published the "The Development of Russian Capitalism: the Development of Russian Capitalism: Domestic Market formed by the Greater Industry" translated by Cao Yanhua and the "History of Soviet Bet365 app download Literature and Ideological Struggle: 1917-1932" translated by Cao Yanhua and Xu Yunsheng.，China Youth Publishing House published Cao Yanhua、"Memories Lenin" translated by Wang Yijin and others，Times Publishing House published the "Marx Leninist War in Calglov, translated by Cao Zhihua、Military and Military Sciences。1958，People's Literature Publishing House published Cao Yanhua's "Selection of Literary Thesis" translated by Cao Yanhua、Cao Yahua and Cheng Daixi's translation of "Marx and Engels Romanticism"。1959，People's Literature Publishing House published Cao Yanhua's translation of "Marx Engels Art and Communism", "Lenin Literature", "Stalin Literature and Art"。1961，People's Literature Publishing House published Cao Yanhua's Schiller's "On Poems and Sad Poems"。

It can be seen from the above translation results，10 years after the founding of New China is the golden period of Cao Yanhua's translation，The wide range of his workload is amazing。The results of his translation have become important textbooks of the school at that time，Some of the important materials for cadre training and important support for the construction of the New China literary theory system。It can be said，He not only made important contributions to the translation of the classic works of Marxist theory and the spread of Marxist theory，More to promote theoretical education，Deepen the exploration of socialist construction theory to make important contributions。

According to the memory of Cao Yahua's son, Cao Zhongde's memory，When Cao Yanhua and Mao Anqing jointly translated the classic works of Marne Silence，The requirements of the two of them are extremely high，Frequent discussions with each other，Consider the words。Mao Anqing learns in the Soviet Union、Life for many years，Russian is very fluent，Reading understanding ability exceeds the staff in the translation room of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China，But Chinese is relatively weak。and Cao Yanhua’s Russian language is learned in Yan'an kiln cave，Although he went to Harbin Foreign Studies College in 1953 to study Russian，But spoken language is weaker。The two are learning from each other、Cooperate with each other，Translated a batch of scientific and technological ideas、Literary Theory、Letters of letters and other important results of Stalin。

　Lao Fu Fu Ji devoted to four modernizations 

1962，Cao Yanhua was transferred to the Institute of Foreign Literature of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。More than ten years worked in the Chinese Academy of Sciences，He focuses on the research of literary theory，Translated a large number of socialist literary theory works。1962，People's Literature Publishing House published the "Essentialness of Shakespeare Tragedy" translated by Cao Zhihua and the "Thesis and Art of thesis and Art: The Report on the" Stars "and" Leninrad "magazine。1963，People's Literature Publishing House published Cao Yanhua's Schiller's "Aesthetic Book Brief"。1964，People's Literature Publishing House published "On the Drama Personality of Sir John's Drama" translated by Cao Yanhua and Xu Xianzhou，People's Publishing House published Li Li San、Cao Yanhua、Qiwang Department、Mao Anqing translated "Marxism and Linguistics"，Life · Reading · Xinzhi Sanlian Bookstore published "On Art" translated by Cao Yanhua。1965，People's Literature Publishing House published the "Literature Book Simplified (Book) and Literature Book Simpage of Literature (Book)" translated by Cao Yanhua and Qu Jianming。1973，Life · Reading · Xinzhi Sanlian Bookstore Published by Cao Zhihua's "On Art: Letter of Arts: No Address"。This period，The results of Cao Yanhua not only introduced the content of the work，Also review the specific situation of China、Reflection of translated works，In -depth analysis and evaluation of the work。The works he translated and the evaluation it made，It still has important inspiration for today's translation and cultural creation。

"Cultural Revolution" period，Cao Yanhua, who has not written poems in the past 30 years, picked up the pen again，Write dozens of poems to scold the gang of "Four"。After that，Cao Yanhua is also excited，Drag the disease and devote yourself to work，until September 1978 died。According to Ba Jin's memory，"Just ten days before his death，Comrades from the Press to tell him that this book has been included in the publishing plan "。("This book" is "Epraceanov Bet365 lotto review Philosophical Communication Episode 5"，Published was renamed "The Fifth Volume of the Selected Works of Plehan Nuo Fu" -Editor's Note) Cao Yanhua learned that this news could not be stunned at night，Check the scattered pages one by one overnight and sort out。High -intensity work makes Cao Yanhua, who was already ill, couldn't eat it，But even if the eyes are unclear，Foot is not stable，Holding the manuscript trembling，Even a heart disease attack，He has no rest either，Perseverance of taking the medicine to finishing the whole manuscript。"The night before his death, he also said that he would have to go to another translation (Schiller's" Aesthetic Book "。One hour before the end of his life he also said with interest: ‘My book has been included in the national plan。Submit it early，If you can't eat your body，Watch five minutes a day，Also persist。‘After that, he walked into the back house and sat on the vine chair to rest。"He keeps holding the gesture to take the glasses when I break，It seems to be ready to invest at work at any time。But，He never woke up this time，This outstanding Marxist classic translator always close his eyes in his favorite work。1984，Cao Yanhua left the "Selection of the Fifth Volume of the Selection of Pleansov Philosophy" by life, reading, Xinzhi Sanlian Bookstore。

After Cao Yanhua's death，"People's Daily" gives him a high degree of evaluation: "The translation introduction of the translation and introduction of the classics of Marxism -Leninism and proletarian literary theory for a long time。To promote Marxist theory in my country，The prosperous socialist cultural undertakings have made contributions。The tenth time in the party、In the 11th route struggle，Comrade Cao Yanhua stands firm、The flag is clear，After crushing the Gang of Four "，Comrade Cao Yanhua feels comfortable，Spiritual excitation，Stubborn Zone Diseases Persist in Work，Efforts to contribute to the realization of four modernizations with their own translation。"Cao Yanhua summarized his life in the poem in June 1975，"A red heart walks Northwest，/Forty years of Fire Fire。/Mountainside waving the world，/kiln cave lights flipline。/gunfire kills unknown death，/World War Drum is tightened again。/World War Drum is tightened again，Before carrying the red flag line "。

Cao Yanhua's life is really a new democratic revolution in China、A lifetime of socialist revolution and struggle，Especially for the popularity of Marxist theory、Has made great contributions to the prosperity and development of socialist cultural undertakings。The Marxist classic literature he compiled has important theoretical value and practical significance for building a socialist cultural power in the new era。

　　(Author Unit: College of Marxism College of Chinese Academy of Sciences)