Family Finance in the History of Family History
July 03, 2019 09:21 Source: "China Social Sciences" July 3, 2019 Total No. 1726 Author: Zhou Hong

In recent years,Family Financial Research has gradually become a hot issue in the field of financial research。Current,Related research is mainly from the performance of family participation in financial market behaviors、Effect and influencing factors are summarized and examined,Under a relatively complete modern financial market condition,Take the participation of the financial market of modern and contemporary family as the research object,Analysis of the formation mechanism of the participation of modern and contemporary family financial markets as research goals,Discussion with the help of modern economic analysis methods。This type of research focuses on the modern economic society,Put the family in a complete、Considering the financial market with the characteristics of "modernization",Try to discuss how families use the rich and diverse non -personalized explicit financial instruments to achieve the optimization of their financial decisions,and the influence mechanism and effect of various variables on family financial behavior。

But,If you want to observe the research field of family finance,Need to return to the research and understanding of the basic microeconomic organization of the family,Start from the ancient historical category of family,Extend the research perspective to the historical evolution process of the family itself,The logical relationship between the family's own evolution and development and the family financial behavior as the research object,Taking the interaction path between the two as the research goals,Use historical materialism、Dialectics and abstract bet365 live casino games methods and other research methods,Analyze the mechanism and characteristics of family financial behavior,This scientific law behind the development of family financial development。

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The process of continuous evolution of human economic activities,In essence, it is a process of avoiding and controlling risks and maximizing income。In this process,Family as an important micro -organization form that avoids survival risks in different economic development stages exists to this day。In the obscure era of human experience、In the process of the barbaric era and the era of civilization,The original group exists as the earliest family form,Since then experienced the blood family、Puna Luya family、​​Family forms such as puppet -made families and specialized families。In this historical change process,The main risks faced by family members are always manifested as survival risk。Under the circumstances when individuals confront the natural ability,The family form used to use the "survival" target at different productivity development is the most effective means to avoid the risk of survival at that time。Different family functions under different historical conditions are mainly manifested in two aspects: first,Production function,That is to carry out two types of human production activities (material data production and the reproduction of human own production, namely); second,allocation function,That is to allocate the results of members within the family。The existence of the family provides an important institutional guarantee for the play of the above two functions,The bloody relationship that is constantly smooth,The continuous development of the original group and the development Bet365 lotto review of the first type of production activities in the group,and the accumulation of ensuring production skills and experience through pure blood relationships can be passed down from generation to generation,Effectively improves the production efficiency of the family and the survivability of family members,Survival risk avoidance effect continues to improve。

Family external exchange activities appear,The concept of property began to derive and spread in the family。Property is an inevitable product of the continuous development of social productivity,It is the expression form of the remaining products。The acquisition and domination of property has gradually become an important way for family financial activities。until now,Property allocation is also considered the core of family financial activities。Property is a basic need to be closely related to obtaining living information。The appearance of the property itself,It has important promoting significance for the evolution of family forms and the development of financial activities。With the continuous deepening of the product transaction process,The expression of property gradually shows a diverse situation。When the currency is gradually separated from the product,After starting to play an important role in economic activities,Due to the objective existence of currency worship attributes,The expansion needs of currency as the expansion of property began to appear,Human began to chase currency。On the basis of continuous resolution and control of survival risks,Family function began to expand in the direction of property accumulation。With bonds、The continuous emergence of financial instruments such as stocks,The way to get property expansion in family members gradually bet365 live casino games enrich,In addition, the technical analysis level of financial tools is continuously improved,Family financial activities appear more scientific and rational。

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In the original group stage,The only wish of the group members is to survive,The public ownership of the tribe can meet this basic survival needs。Under the circumstances of the level of productivity and living conditions,The population lifestyle of a large population has a higher probability of survival,Corresponding small families are obviously uncomfortable with the status of productivity at that time。Under the background of the time,The main function of the public ownership tribe is to provide necessary survival guarantee for human individuals。After the survival needs are met,increase the age of group members,Its labor capacity will gradually decrease,According to the principle of allocating work,Participate in the labor level will be determined to allocate the number of living materials。So,Old group members need additional product support for young members。and the premise of such a support mechanism is,Young members are in the period when they are born to participate in labor,Need to be raised by adult elders。

This cross -period bidirectional protection behavior is the main manifestation of early family financial needs,Its essence is an informal incomplete contract relationship under the dominance of blood margin。Blooding dominance has also become the most important form of credit expression,Some scholars believe that "the lowest transaction cost,The minimum cost of breach of contract,It looks particularly prominent when the subject of non -blood personality such as external financial markets has not yet produced "。This form is in subsequent Bet365 lotto review social development,Blood bonds are given stronger binding legal norms and moral preaching,formed a traditional "filial piety" culture and spread to this day。Blood relationship becomes a hidden system guarantee for production collaboration between members in the family and the hidden system of credit transactions。

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Performance 1: The affordable demand began to be implemented through non -personalized means of non -formal contract protection。

The premise of the emergence of external exchanges in the family is that the remaining products appear after the productivity is increased。These remaining products are dominated and owned by the leader of the tribe leader,You can exchange product exchange with other tribes。The continuous development of productivity eventually leads to the emergence of private ownership。After the establishment of the private ownership,Family began to have the legal foundation and guarantee engaged in financial activities,The inherently blood relationship of the family with blood relationship as a credit basis begins to seek expansion to the outside。In Western Society,This expansion process is first manifested as a social organization represented by the church。

Comparison of comparison,The main manifestation of the expansion of ancient family border in my country is the rise and development of the clan。Take the Northern Song Dynasty as an example,Family miniature characteristics of the Song Dynasty have been very significant,The clan organization with the purpose of the "respect of the ancestors" has developed greatly。In this background,​​Yitian is held by a private person、Triven organization relying on family strength became the most representative pension guarantee system Bet365 app download at that time,where,Fan Yizhuang, established with Prime Minister Fan Zhongyan as the model model of the clan system, became a model of all ages。The Tang Dynasty of my country,Female families often occur in large consumption expenditures such as funeral marriage,This will often occur in the case of incompetence,Civilians often spend difficulties through mutual assistance。This is also a typical example。

Performance 2: The financial market officially appeared,It marks moving from non -personalization implementation methods of informal contract guarantee to non -personalized implementation methods of formal contract guarantee。

The historical process that does not trace the financial market in detail here,Instead, the impact of the financial market after the emergence of the financial market and the "loosening" of the informal contract guarantee。Formal contract features of the modern financial market,The main manifestation is that the rights and obligations between the two parties using financial means to trade are restricted and protected by the compulsory contract of law。Development of the financial market,Provides market participants with a variety of financial products,These products can meet consumers' financial needs at different levels,In the transaction contract,Determination of rights and obligations,Revenue risk and the transaction period is clear,The risks and transaction costs assumed by both parties to the transaction are significantly reduced。This is here,Many financial needs that have been guaranteed by informal contracts such as family blood, and gradually meet through the financial market channels,Individual dependence on the family gradually decreases,and turn to the financial market。

 (This article is the Humanities and Social Science Fund Project "Research on the Effective Research of Chinese Resident Family Financial Assets" (16yjc790151) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of Finance, Anhui University of Finance and Economics)

Editor in charge: Wang Ning
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