For a long time，Land transfer income is an important part of the fiscal revenue of local government in my country，I made a major contribution to the local economic development。Along with the Chinese economy entered a new stage of development，Innovative land transfer behavior is an important prerequisite for improving the scope of land transfer income，At the same time, it is also related to the further development of the market -oriented reform of land elements，It is also important for the high -quality development of the local economy。

In recent years，The fiscal revenue related to land transfer is growing rapidly，Even grows into the "Second Finance"。During the ten years of 1998-2019，Land transfer revenue was originally 49.956 billion yuan，In 2007, it exceeded 1 trillion yuan，National land transfer income increased rapidly after 2008，In 2019, it reached 7.25 trillion yuan。At the same time，The proportion of national land transfer income accounted for local general public budget income.，Only about 10%at first，increased to about 70%in 2003，and reached a peak of 101%in 2010，This proportion remains in the volatile range of 65%-95%after 2010。The fiscal revenue created by the land has made important contributions to the increase in total local government's financial income，But for a long time，The unsustainable land transfer income will bring huge potential risks to the fiscal revenue of the local government。

Another，Land transfer has also become a local government to attract bet365 best casino games capital、The main means to develop the economy。For a long time，The phenomenon of too low industrial land in my country always exists。The "scissors difference" of different types of land land prices is not conducive to the high -quality development of the land market。More importantly，The low -cost transfer of industrial land also causes low efficiency of national land resources，further disrupt the market environment of commercial land，The state of commercial land supply and the rise of prices continued to exist。

The reform of the score tax system in 1994 reversed the division of fiscal revenue between the central and local governments，Local fiscal revenue accounts for the proportion of total fiscal revenue from about 80%before the reform to about 45%，But a large amount of financial power after the reform is concentrated to the central government、Power stays in the place，Caused a sudden increase in fiscal pressure of local governments。The land system has developed into an important guarantee for local governments to obtain non -budget income。1986 "Land Management Law" and 1990 "Interim Regulations on the Transfer and Transfer of the State -owned Land in the Urban Town"，will "pass the transfer、Rental and other methods will be directly used by units or individuals other than collective economic organizations.，Local governments become managers of the first -level market for land transfer。，Land has become an important resource that can be used in the hands of local governments，Land transfer income has become an important choice to promote local economic growth。

"Land Finance" and "Investment in Earth" are two important Bet365 lotto review paths for local governments to promote local economic development with the help of the land system。"Land Finance" mainly depends on incremental land to create fiscal revenue，It is the local government's use of information advantages relative to the central government and the power advantage relative to the area，A kind of collection formed by land、Economic development model of development and transfer。With institutional arrangements，"Land Finance" has changed the flaws that the agricultural sector cannot provide financial support for the development of the industrial sector in the traditional sense，Make up the huge income and expenditure gap caused by the reform of the tax system to the local government。"Guidance to land" refers to the scarce resource of the government's use of land，Attract foreign investment and large industrial projects to settle，To pursue the goal of achieving local economic development in the short term。But，Limitation of land resources and the one -time revenue of land transfer determines that "land finance" does not have long -term vitality。Another，Some local governments are pursuing short -term interests in the process of levying agricultural land，Lack of reasonable scientific planning for land，Caused land resources to use extension、Unlike land income distribution。

"Land Finance" and "Capital" are the results of common driven by the Chinese -style decentralized system and the local government competition system。During the land transfer process，Local governments can get land transfer funds、Land of Land Direct Tax and Land Financing Fund，Add financial resources to the local area、Fill Bet365 lotto review the budget deficit、The path to reduce debt demand。Due to the asymmetry of the information between the central and local governments，In the early days of political promotion assessment, most of the early stage of economic performance was selected for assessment of local officials。From this，Some local officials to get greater promotion possibilities，Through the transfer of land to pursue the growth of short -term economic performance，and formed a fierce local government competition situation。Some studies found，The more intense competition among local officials，The more exaggerated the means of local governments using preferential land policies。As investors' requirements for land use increase，In order to meet the land delivery conditions，Some local governments need to collect and develop related land in advance，Carry out various infrastructure construction，In order to achieve the goal of attracting investment，Methods to adopt low -priced or even zero -prices of industrial land。plus，Lack of strict supervision mechanisms before and after land transfer，Especially after land transfer lack of the results of the results of investment promotion projects，A large amount of land has appeared。

To alleviate the dependence of local finance on land transfer income，Several measures were taken in the central government，If the "Minimum Standard for Industrial Land Transfer"，It stipulates the minimum land price of industrial land。Promote the New "Land Management Law"，Divided land、Comprehensive land price、Land acquisition and other aspects make clear stipulation。other，Bet365 lotto review It also stipulates that land transfer income is used for minimum proportion for rural expenditure，Requires large cities to single -column rental housing supply plan, etc.。2020，"Opinions on Adjusting the Scope of Revenue of Land Transfer Revenue Priority to Support Rural Revitalization" is even more clearly clarified by the proportion of land transfer income for agriculture and rural areas during the "14th Five -Year Plan" period。The above policy has a certain restraint effect on the economic behavior of relying on land to attract land，But the fiscal dilemma faced in the local area has not been cured from the system。The fiscal stress impact under the reform of the tax system will have an important impact on the mode of the local government's serious dependence of land，and fiscal pressure will exist for a long time。

The documents issued by the Ministry of Finance have recently changed the tax collection institution of state -owned land use rights to transfer income to the tax department.。Strategic arrangements according to the "14th Five -Year Plan" period，This article believes that we should start with the following three aspects to innovate the government's land transfer system。

First，Selective increase of land tax revenue ratio，Optimize the local fiscal tax system。To release local fiscal pressure to moderate，Local itself needs to be adapt to local conditions，Based on the economic development stage where it is located, the status of land in the process of local economic development is reasonably arranged，Method of revenue to obtain income from land resources in time。The features of the limited land resources，Actively bet365 live casino games reversing the "Land Finance", which is dominated by land transfer gold，Optimize the local fiscal tax system。

2，Strengthen the supervision and assessment of land transfer behaviors。Further strengthen the assessment of investment structure and quality of investment promotion，The area and amount of the land transfer、The proportion of land transfer funds to the proportion of local public budget income、The degree of information disclosure of land use is an important indicator of local government evaluation。Especially after the land transfer of the land, it cannot be supervised and managed in accordance with the development and construction of the development and construction of the plan.，Make the land transfer process more open and transparent。

third，Make full use of the means of concentrated land for land，Marketization and stable land expected income。Most of the current land transfer is the separation of a single land，Coupled with broad land distribution、Diverse natural attributes，Diversified land transfer trading market needs to be further improved。So，Turn the land as a first -class asset into local state -owned assets for management，Adopt centralized land supply、The land transfer method of concentrated entry into the market is the key to solving the current land resource mismatch。This behavior is expected to stabilize the market，Stable all kinds of land prices are of great significance。At the same time，To balance the relationship between the right to pricing and preferential land preferential policies and land transfer of land transfer，It should be clear that the rights and responsibilities of Bet365 lotto review the land transfer to both parties should be clear，Make full use of market methods to restrict local land transfer behaviors。

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