There is a well-known African proverb: "It takes a whole village to raise a child" - It takes a village to raise a child。In the history of Rwanda involved in the author’s research，Even in those traditional societies where supplies are not abundant，People will also gather the strength of the entire village，Provide milk for newborn mother and child；A mother with a baby in her arms goes out，No need to bring any food，Every house she knocks on along the way will provide them with basic survival needs。But why does the rapid development of bet365 free bets economy provide many conveniences at the same time，But it pushes nurturing and care back into the private family sphere？Why raising children has become a cost-benefit model that requires careful calculation and measurement？Outside of a highly competitive and involutional lifestyle，Is there any possibility of another way of life？

Marx mentioned two types of production in human historical activities in "The German Ideology": One is the production and bet365 free bets of material materials necessary for human beings to continue their lives；The second one is about double life production，That is, the production of one’s own life through labor and the production of the next generation’s life through bet365 free bets。Both types of production are vital to the sustenance of human society、Indispensable。But for a long time，In mainstream economics，The discussion of "production" only includes the production of material data in the process of market exchange，So feminist scholars call the second kind of production (that is, the production of double life) "bet365 free bets"。

1980s and 1990s，Socialist feminists believe that “reproductive labor” refers to cleaning、Cooking、Care and family matters such as child care。Feminists after 2000 further pointed out that social bet365 free bets not only includes the birth and care of newborns，Not just caring for family members and partners，Also includes the supply of safe food，Work-family balance，Public education and health care system，Recreational facilities in the community，Retirement and welfare security system for the elderly，And create a social community，Maintaining the bonds of shared meaning、Emotion、Values ​​and other emotional and material labor that are indispensable for maintaining the bet365 free bets of the larger social system。

Social bet365 free bets can be provided by the state，You can also purchase services through the market，Unpaid labor can also be undertaken within the family。In different social and cultural backgrounds and historical evolution，The organizational forms of reproductive labor have different characteristics，And reflects class、Gender、Power relations such as ethnic groups。“Social bet365 free bets Theory” is to examine the country、Labor Market、Community and family in child support、Elderly Care、Housework、Power interaction and balance in different types of reproductive labor processes such as social maintenance，Thus laying an important foundation for us to understand the daily operations of different groups and their systematic relationships。

In traditional society，Production and bet365 free bets appear as a complex with the family (domus) as the unit: women join the family labor production by participating in the "backyard economy" and other methods，Men and community members also share the responsibility for bet365 free bets in some way。One of the important changes in modern industrial society is the separation of economic production from the family，Incorporated into the important public sphere of the market；As never before, childbirth and childcare have been placed in the highly differentiated private sphere of the nuclear family。Many social supports and ties required for social bet365 free bets have been gradually dismantled and broken up in the process of modernization，The emergence of a public-private dual system that is highly antagonistic and separated in the modern sense。In the process，Economic production has been given unprecedented importance and priority，And from efficiency、rational、The perspective of order reconstructs the basic logic of human social life。

This has led to a series of global changes and trends since the 1980s: more and more women have entered the economy、Politics、Public production fields such as culture，But the bet365 free bets responsibility behind it has been blocked。As an ideal employee for the company，Individuals seem to only need to complete their life arrangements around the production plan，But he was stripped of the responsibility of social bet365 free bets that he should bear as a human being。The experience and sharing of bet365 free bets responsibilities by community forces including men in traditional society，Invaded and disintegrated by the high-speed monetary economy；In addition to earning more money to meet the needs of family upbringing and care，It seems difficult for men to integrate into the process of childbirth and child rearing。The public sector does not recognize the social bet365 free bets responsibilities of its members，Treat this as a personal family matter，Needs to be resolved through internal negotiation within the family。bet365 free bets labor becomes an invisible burden and cost，Creating a transfer of responsibilities within the family，Or services and goods purchased with currency。But because the value of reproductive labor itself is still subordinate to economic production，Thus, a gender-based system was initially formed、Class、Age、“Transfer of care responsibilities” and “global care chain” between urban and rural areas。Meanwhile，The logic and requirements of the market will also pour into the field of bet365 free bets，Bringing about the "involution" and alienation of reproductive workers themselves: retreating from traditional community life to the closed care and nurturing model of private families，Not only does it make it easy for the bearers of reproductive labor to fall into social isolation and devaluation；Their labor and life arrangements often need to revolve around the rhythm and arrangement of external economic life，Rather than the need to reproduce labor itself。

If the logic of production emphasizes efficiency、Tools、rational、Competition and conflict，Then the logic of bet365 free bets emphasizes care、Emotion、Care、Mutual cooperation and support。The goals of early feminism focused more on women’s “independence” and “emancipation” from traditional family life；After more than two hundred years of struggle and development，Japanese feminist scholar Chizuru Ueno pointed out: "The maturity of feminism，It is the process from ‘dependence’ to ‘independence’ and then to ‘inter-independence’。We do not agree with the previous narrow concepts of "self-reliance" such as "isolation" and "refuse to help"。And this is also a question on ‘modern individualism’。”

Under the guidance of economic rationality，We are accustomed to measuring the value of human labor and work from the perspective of efficiency and profit，High-tech、High profit、High-risk “rational work” and routineization、Emotional、A distinction is made between relational “care labor” and superiority。However, when it comes to digitalization、Informatization and intelligence have been able to replace most material production，On the contrary, it is those that are specific to people、Diverse、Interactive emotional needs and care satisfaction cannot be completely canceled and replaced by "inhuman labor"。In this sense，Perhaps we should re-examine and see the value and meaning of "reproductive labor"，Re-examining the world from the perspective of women and the social bet365 free bets they represent。

Zhang Wenhong, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases at Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, said at the launch ceremony of the book "The Power of Women—Shanghai Women in China's Anti-epidemic War": "In the future，How will the global epidemic end?？It must be that human technology has achieved a major victory，But on this basis, there must be global collaboration。Women have the wisdom and courage needed in this global collaboration，Female leadership plays a vital role in the global fight against the epidemic，The power of women is something to be proud of！”The “female power” here refers to a large extent in human bet365 free bets、nurturing、The gentleness formed in the process of care、Detailed、Patience and collaboration。This is not a unique temperament that only women have，But the female prototype that constitutes the complete human temperament。It’s just over-emphasizing and highlighting competition、In the process of economic rationality of efficiency and materialism，We have gradually forgotten and lost these important components of the complete human soul。

Return to the African proverb mentioned at the beginning of the article，The world situation is constantly changing、The community with a shared future for mankind is now full of uncertainty，We need to return to the perspective of dual life bet365 free bets，Re-examine the development logic of this world and the future of gender development。

　　(Author’s unit: School of bet365 free bets Work, China Women’s University)