The Communist Party of China has incorporated bet365 new customer offer liberation into its political program since its founding,After becoming the ruling party,further institutionalized it、Legalization,Constructed an effective practice system,Never forget the original intention for a hundred years,Fulfilling the mission,Outstanding achievements。
The original intention and mission of the Chinese Communists,It is for the happiness of the Chinese people,Seeking rejuvenation for the Chinese nation。Then,Seeking happiness for Chinese women,Nature is an integral part of the original intention of the Chinese Communists。Specifically,Promote bet365 new customer offer liberation、Achieve gender equality,The main content of seeking happiness for Chinese women。A hundred years,The Communist Party of China has achieved remarkable results in this regard。
From "White clothes are armor,Going against the grain to see the development of Chinese bet365 new customer offer over the past century
The development status of women in China today,A vivid summary of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s speech at the United Nations General Assembly high-level meeting commemorating the 25th anniversary of the World Conference on Women in Beijing on October 1, 2020。He talked about,The most critical moment in China’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic,“Among the more than 40,000 medical staff from all over China rushing to aid Hubei,Two-thirds are women...thousands of Chinese women like this,White clothes are armor,Going against the grain,Explains the benevolence of doctors with courage and hard work,In exchange for responsibility and dedication, the mountains and rivers are safe"。This passage is a tribute to the female medical staff who rushed to aid Hubei,It is also an affirmation of the development status and spiritual outlook of contemporary Chinese women。The fact that thousands of female medical staff bravely fight against the epidemic highlights the following three points: First,The general improvement in the education level of women in our country。For example,National illiteracy rate of female population aged 15 and above,90% before the founding of New China,To 2017,Down to 7.3%,Comparison of two phases,It can be said to be a great change in history。Now,We have basically eliminated the gender gap in compulsory education;2017,The proportion of female students enrolled in undergraduate and junior college in general colleges and universities across the country has reached 52.5%。It is precisely because of bet365 new customer offer education that we have achieved such results,Only in critical moments can we call out,The spectacular sight of tens of thousands of female professionals gathering。Second,Related to this,High employment level of women: At present, women account for more than 40% of the employed people in my country,More than half of entrepreneurs in the Internet field are women。Third,The spirit of women who are brave enough to move forward generously。It can be said,Thousands of Chinese women dressed in white、The feat of rushing to aid the epidemic area,It is the Chinese Communist Party’s efforts over the past century to seek bet365 new customer offer liberation、A symbol of the achievement of gender equality。
Based on this,Looking back at the situation of Chinese bet365 new customer offer a hundred years ago,One cannot but feel the profound changes in the situation of Chinese bet365 new customer offer over the past century、huge。
The situation of Chinese bet365 new customer offer a hundred years ago,There has been a lot of discussion,Only two aspects are listed here。First,Ideological realm。The discussion on bet365 new customer offer's issues in the ideological liberation front "New Youth" mainly focused on two points,That is, the traditional ethics and feudal views on "three cardinal principles and five constant principles" and "three obediences and four virtues"、Criticism of the concept of chastity。Issues that are intensively discussed in ideological circles,It was the fog of understanding that urgently needed to be dispelled。It can be seen from this,The traditional ethics and ideology at that time severely restricted bet365 new customer offer。Second,Government Behavior Field。First, the Beiyang Government of the Republic of China issued the "School System Reform Bill" (also known as the "Renxu School System") by presidential decree in 1922。The establishment of this academic system marks the basic completion of the construction of China’s academic system in modern times,The "633" academic system it stipulated is still in use today。It’s worth noting,This academic system also established the first gender-neutral single-track academic system in our country,Changed the provisions of the dual-track system for both sexes in the previous "Renzi Guichou Academic System",marks that Chinese bet365 new customer offer finally gained equal rights to education。Obviously,It targeted the obvious inequality of educational rights between men and bet365 new customer offer at that time。The second is 1928,The Central Government of Nanjing approved the Ministry of Interior to issue the "Regulations Prohibiting bet365 new customer offer's Foot Binding",Aims at the physical and mental harm done to bet365 new customer offer by the bad habit of foot binding。In summary, it can be seen from the above,Chinese bet365 new customer offer at that time could be said to be living in the dark night。Reflecting on the present and recalling the past,How can we not sigh: the past hundred years have truly "changed the world"!
Scientific understanding and effective action: two pillars for achieving bet365 new customer offer achievements
The Communist Party of China’s scientific understanding and effective actions on bet365 new customer offer liberation,are the two pillars of this achievement over the past century。
First,Scientific understanding of bet365 new customer offer liberation。The original intention of the Communist Party of China on bet365 new customer offer issues,Rooted in the Marxist understanding of human liberation。Marxism interprets human liberation within the framework of social history,Believes that “real liberation can only be achieved in the real world and using real means” and “‘liberation’ is a historical activity,Not an ideological activity,‘Liberation’ is determined by historical relationships,Is determined by industrial conditions、Business conditions、Agricultural conditions、Promoted by the relationship situation”。In other words,Human liberation is a historical activity,There must be realistic means,Human beings are the main body of activity in this historical process,Is the creator of history。Needless to say this pair of men,And what about women?In view of the situation of women at that time,Marxism particularly emphasizes that women must participate in this historical process。Marx believes,“No great social change is possible without the enzyme of women”。Engels pointed out: “The first prerequisite for bet365 new customer offer liberation is that all women return to public labor。”2015,General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the Global bet365 new customer offer Summit,No bet365 new customer offer liberation and progress,There would be no human liberation and progress。What they emphasize is the liberation of women and even mankind,The view that women must participate in social processes。
The Communist Party of China has always understood bet365 new customer offer liberation within the framework of economic and social change,Believe that bet365 new customer offer liberation is an integral part of the revolutionary cause,The relationship between the two is inseparable、Relationship of mutual achievement,bet365 new customer offer issues need to be solved through their participation in economic and social change and development。To this,Comrade Mao Zedong made a concise summary in 1939: "The day when women across the country rise up,That’s when the Chinese revolution wins。”
Secondly,From effective actions。The Communist Party of China is a mission-oriented political party,It doesn’t just sit and talk,Get up and do it,Mission Guidance,Actively practice。We see,No matter in the revolutionary war years,Still in the era of socialist construction,The Communist Party of China never forgets its original intention,bet365 new customer offer liberation and development will be achieved、The realization of gender equality is written on the banner of one’s own struggle,Incorporated into the party’s goal,And there is a practical system to achieve this goal,Thus achieving great achievements。
A practical system that protects bet365 new customer offer rights and promotes equality between men and women
What we call bet365 new customer offer liberation,In the revolutionary war era, it mainly refers to the bet365 new customer offer liberation movement,It is integrated into the process of the revolutionary cause led by the Communist Party of China;In the era of socialist construction,bet365 new customer offer liberation refers to the joint struggle of male and female workers,Oppose discrimination against women,Enable women to obtain their due social status and rights,Realizing men and women in politics、Economy、Culture、A social goal of equality in all aspects of society and the family。In short,Protecting bet365 new customer offer rights、Achieve gender equality。
We see,The Communist Party of China has incorporated bet365 new customer offer liberation into its political program since its founding,After becoming the ruling party,further institutionalized it、Legalization,Constructed an effective practice system,Never forget the original intention for a hundred years,Fulfilling the mission,Outstanding achievements。
In terms of specific methods,The Communist Party of China was just established,Start promoting the cause of bet365 new customer offer liberation。Winter 1921,The Communists founded a new type of bet365 new customer offer school—Shanghai Commoner Girls’ School;July 23, 1922,The Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China passed the "Resolution on the Women's Movement",This resolution clarifies the inseparable relationship between bet365 new customer offer liberation and the revolutionary cause: “bet365 new customer offer liberation must be accompanied by the liberation of labor,Only the proletariat gained political power,Only women can be truly liberated。” At the beginning of the founding of the Communist Party of China,There are so many things going on,The resolution on the bet365 new customer offer movement was passed,This fully demonstrates the Communists’ original intention for bet365 new customer offer liberation,The importance and awareness of the bet365 new customer offer movement。After,In the Central Soviet Area、In the Anti-Japanese Base Area、In the liberated area,The Communist Party of China unswervingly promotes the policy of mobilizing women for social participation and gender equality。
After the founding of New China,As the ruling party,The Communist Party of China holds its original aspirations,Elevate the political proposition of equality between men and women into the will of the country,Created to implement the protection of bet365 new customer offer rights、The practical system of the concept of gender equality,Including establishing a legal system to protect bet365 new customer offer rights、Formulate a planning model that incorporates specific content related to women into planning、Establish a women-friendly legislative organization system、Establishing effective implementation systems and other elements。This system of practice has become an important guarantee for the great achievements of Chinese bet365 new customer offer cause。
1.Built a legal system to protect bet365 new customer offer rights and promote gender equality。
Law is a behavioral rule that embodies the will of the state and is enforced by state coercion。The norms of law not only provide guidance、Review、Education、The role of prediction,The most important thing is the coercive effect。The law is undoubtedly an important tool in governing the country。We are delighted to see,Since the founding of New China,The Communist Party of China has governed the country for more than 70 years,Constructed a system based on the Constitution,With the "Women's Rights and Interests Protection Law" as the main body,A legal system that protects bet365 new customer offer rights and promotes gender equality, including more than 100 separate laws and regulations。The construction of this system,Vividly embodies the Communist Party of China’s pursuit of bet365 new customer offer liberation、The original intention of equality between men and women is not just a declaration,But the strong will to put it into practice。
About this system,The following will only briefly describe one or two bet365 new customer offer big ones。
September 29, 1949,Under the organization and leadership of the Communist Party of China,The First Plenary Session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference adopted the “Common Program of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference”。This program is a great document with the nature of "national founding program" and "provisional constitution"。Article 6 of its first chapter of the general outline stipulates: “The People’s Republic of China has abolished the feudal system that bound bet365 new customer offer。bet365 new customer offer in Politics、Economic、Cultural and educational、All aspects of social life,All have equal rights as men。Enforce freedom of marriage between men and bet365 new customer offer。”The eve of the birth of New China,In the General Program of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, it is stipulated that New China will abide by the law of equal rights between men and bet365 new customer offer,This shows that the Chinese Communists never forget their original intention of liberating bet365 new customer offer。Continue,1950,The first law of New China - the "Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China" established the freedom of marriage、Monogamy、Marriage system with equal rights for men and bet365 new customer offer。1954,The first constitution of our country was promulgated,Provision for bet365 new customer offer in politics、Economy、Culture、Equal rights as men in all aspects of social and family life。Subsequent constitutional amendments,all adhere to this basic principle。
The "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women" formulated and implemented in 1992 is China's first law to promote equality between men and women、Basic Law to Protect bet365 new customer offer Rights;bet365 new customer offer Rights and Interests Protection Law Revised in 2005,Establishing the legal status of the basic national policy of gender equality。This is a major step forward in the process of legalizing the protection of bet365 new customer offer rights and interests,Most noteworthy。Basic national policies reflect the national will,At the highest level in the entire policy system,It is global、Long term、Systematic countermeasures for major issues of strategic significance,Regulations、Restricts and guides the formulation and implementation of specific policies,has stability、Macro、Guide features。Therefore,Establishing the legal status of the basic national policy of gender equality is of great significance。In addition,The "Anti-Domestic Violence Law of the People's Republic of China" was promulgated in 2015。Domestic violence is not only a disruption to family order,Threats to the physical and mental health of family members,It is a breakthrough in the bottom line of social civilization and rule of law。Long time,Domestic violence is regarded more as a problem within the family in society,It is a moral issue。The introduction of the anti-domestic violence law,The country has clearly stated that it is against domestic violence、The shared responsibility of society and every family,In the sense of social declaration,Greatly improved the entire society’s awareness of domestic violence。
2.Form a master plan model that lists the promotion of bet365 new customer offer development as an independent chapter。
Our country has a tradition of formulating five-year development plans,This tradition started in 1953。The five-year plan is to set the country’s development goals and corresponding policy guidance within a certain period of time,Having a leading position in the national work,Extremely forward-looking、Strategic、Guidance。We see,In the "Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China" and "The Outline of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035",Special chapters are set up,Make plans and arrangements to promote the comprehensive development of women。This arrangement further elevates the status of policies to promote bet365 new customer offer development,And the composition model of the master plan content it forms,will become a structural requirement of the planning content,Relatively stable。In addition,Since 1995,Our country also has a special bet365 new customer offer development plan。For example, our country has promulgated three consecutive cycles of Chinese bet365 new customer offer Development Program,Propose goals and tasks for the development of bet365 new customer offer careers in different periods,And establish a complete gender statistics system,Release of China bet365 new customer offer Development Outline Statistical Monitoring Report,Carry out regular surveys on the social status of Chinese women。
3. Establish a bet365 new customer offer-friendly legislative organization system.
Our country has a country that abides by gender equality、A women-friendly legislative organization system that protects the principles of bet365 new customer offer rights and interests。
First, the mechanism for protecting bet365 new customer offer rights and interests by the National People’s Congress, the legislative body。The law reflects the will of the country,With coercive force。Legislation to protect bet365 new customer offer rights and interests is the strongest voice to promote bet365 new customer offer development。In order to effectively protect bet365 new customer offer rights and interests,The National People’s Congress, which exercises national legislative power, has established a women-friendly working mechanism to legislate to protect bet365 new customer offer rights and interests,Special groups for women and children have been set up、Internal Affairs and Justice Committee Labor Youth and Women's Office、Social Construction Committee Workers’ Youth and bet365 new customer offer Office。In legislative review and legal supervision,They also attach great importance to adopting the opinions of bet365 new customer offer federations and women,And organize special research on laws related to the protection of bet365 new customer offer rights and interests,Carry out law enforcement inspection,In order to effectively protect bet365 new customer offer legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law。
The second is the mechanism of the CPPCC to protect bet365 new customer offer rights。The CPPCC is a consultative body that specifically participates in and discusses government affairs,Is an important channel for deliberative democracy,Proposing legislative proposals is an important part of its work。The CPPCC has a working mechanism to negotiate and promote the development of bet365 new customer offer causes。The Women's Federation sector is one of the 34 sectors currently established by the CPPCC National Committee,Organizing consultation discussions mainly on bet365 new customer offer rights issues,Carry out special research,Submit proposal。The National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference has successively established bet365 new customer offer groups、bet365 new customer offer Youth Committee、bet365 new customer offer Youth and Legal Affairs Committee、Working organizations such as the Social and Legal Committee,Will make suggestions on key and difficult issues related to bet365 new customer offer development,Processing proposals involving bet365 new customer offer rights。
4. Establish an implementation bet365 new customer offer for laws and policies.
The importance of law and policy implementation goes without saying。Our country has an effective implementation system of laws and policies to protect bet365 new customer offer rights and interests。
First, establish the State Council Women and Children’s Working Committee, a high-power coordination agency for bet365 new customer offer work。bet365 new customer offer issues are widely distributed in various fields,Therefore, there is a need for a coordinating department with administrative power higher than the ministries。In 1990, the State Council Women and Children’s Working Committee, chaired by the Vice Premier of the State Council, was established,This committee is responsible for organizing、Coordination、Guide and urge relevant departments to protect bet365 new customer offer rights and interests、Related work to promote gender equality and bet365 new customer offer development,There are 35 committee member units。
The second is to establish a bet365 new customer offer Federation organization that will stick to the end。The bet365 new customer offer Federation is a mass organization under the leadership of the Party,It is the bridge between the party and the government and the women,It is a woman’s “natal family”。Currently,Has been formed by the whole country、Province (district)、City)、City (city)、State)、County (city)、District)、Town (street)、Working system composed of six-level bet365 new customer offer federation organizations in villages (communities),Such a one-stop working system,Is an important guarantee for the implementation of relevant laws, regulations and policies。In addition,Governments and institutions、Social organizations also have bet365 new customer offer committees or bet365 new customer offer work committees,Together with the bet365 new customer offer Federation, they constitute an organizational system for implementing relevant policies and regulations。
The third is to establish a gender equality assessment mechanism for laws and regulations。Assessment has a clear value-oriented and incentive-supervisory role in strengthening rules for daily work,Is an important link and effective measure to implement policies and regulations。2012-2018,30 provinces (districts) across the country、City) established a gender equality assessment mechanism for laws and regulations,bet365 new customer offer introduces the value concept of gender equality into the formulation of regulations and policies、Implementation and supervision of all aspects,Strengthened research and judgment before formulating policies and regulations、Implementation in decision-making、Institutional construction of post-implementation evaluation。
It is precisely because of such a practice system,Promoting gender equality is not just empty talk on paper,It is not an occasional practice,But a kind of institutionalization、Institutional Action,Thus ensuring the steady progress bet365 new customer offer cause of gender equality,Great significance。
Looking back on the past century, the Communist Party of China has not forgotten its original intention,Leading China’s bet365 new customer offer liberation cause has made great achievements,Make us excited。Of course,We also clearly realize that,Inequality between men and women is the product of a long social history,its elimination,It cannot be achieved overnight。As General Secretary Xi Jinping said,Building a world where women are free from discrimination,Create an inclusive and developing society,There is still a long way to go,More efforts are needed。We still need to remain true to our original aspirations、Keep your mission in mind,Keep going。
(The author is an editor and reviewer of China Social Sciences Magazine、Consultant of the bet365 new customer offer/Gender Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
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