Climate change is a major challenge for human destiny，In September 2020, China proposed that "strive to strive to achieve carbon peaks before 2030，A new goal of climate change in carbon neutralization in 2060，General Secretary Xi Jinping vigorously advocates green and low -carbon production lifestyle at the Climate Aries of December 2020。In order to better realize the double carbon target of carbon peak carbon neutralization，As an important subject to undertake the goal of climate change，Enterprises while reducing their carbon emissions，It is also necessary to promote the supply chain members to achieve carbon emission reduction。Under the joint participation of stakeholders，The coordination of carbon emission reduction management of each main body of the supply chain becomes more important。

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The 1990s，Enterprises start to pay attention to environmental performance，The focus of attention gradually expands from a single enterprise to the supply chain，Green supply chain emerges and emerges。Green supply chain is a relatively broad concept，The low -carbon supply chain emphasizes the carbon emissions as a target or restraint in the supply chain operation decision。Early，Affected by the concept of sustainable development and cycle economic concept，Aware that climate warming is mainly affected by greenhouse gas，Some enterprises invested carbon emission reduction technology for research and development，Replace the device to improve energy use efficiency，Use clean energy to reduce carbon emissions。further，Considering the task of carbon emission reduction cannot be completed by the enterprise itself，Enterprises have added carbon emissions to the choice and evaluation of the supplier，The reinsurance of the logistics network and the supply chain structure and contract to reduce carbon emissions。Scientific identification and management of carbon footprints and product full life cycle carbon footprints in each link of the supply chain has also become a basic important issue。At the same time，Governments of various countries have also introduced carbon subsidies、Carbon limit、Carbon transaction、Carbon tax、Carbon label and other related institutional policies，Focus on the bet365 Play online games impact of emission reduction policies on the operation and management of supply chain，In order to promote the supply chain decision makers to take care of the economy while reducing carbon emissions。

Under the policy proposition of global sustainable development，Green supply chain development while achieving emission reduction results，Different from policy orientation and path selection in practice，In addition, the differences in the development of low -carbon supply chain in different countries and regions，Coordinated to achieve global carbon emission reduction also faces the following challenges。

First，Insufficient effectiveness of carbon emission reduction policy。Carbon subsidies issued by governments in various countries、Carbon transaction、Carbon tax and other policy measures，At present, carbon transactions and carbon taxes internationally recognized are two effective incentive measures for carbon emission reduction。Where，Carbon transaction is a means of quantity control，Carbon tax is a means of price control。Carbon emission right transaction is an important policy that uses market means to solve the external nature of the environment to reduce carbon emissions，Price inspiration emission subjects make decisions，More flexible than carbon tax，It is also easier to accept by the enterprise。February 2021，The national carbon emission right trading market is officially launched，Become the world's largest carbon trading market。But how to set the carbon limit of the enterprise entering the trading market，How to formulate trading rules and dynamic carbon transactions scientifically，How to supervise the risks of this financial product urgently need to be solved。The environmental protection tax implemented by my country in 2018 has not yet involved carbon taxes，But the carbon tax also wants to come out。Low implementation cost of carbon tax policy，Directly affect the profit of the company，Come and get effective，Increased income can also continue to be used for the development of carbon emission reduction technology。Current，Countries that have implemented a carbon tax policy，The objects and taxes of carbon tax are different，and the implementation of carbon tax policies in different countries is also different。Therefore，How to set the tax rate，What factors should I refer to the carbon tax in different regions of my country，These are key issues of carbon tax policy。I know from existing research，For the low -carbon supply bet365 best casino games chain，Two carbon emission reduction policies have advantages and disadvantages。Decreased displacement from carbon、Cost control，Carbon trading policy can bring better supply chain performance，But the cost of carbon transaction is affected by various uncertain market factors，while the carbon tax policy has no such problem。Therefore，How to formulate carbon emission reduction policies can more effectively promote the development of low -carbon supply chain management，It is an important question that the government needs to consider。

Second，Insufficient reliability of carbon emissions information and supply chain collaborative level。The effective implementation of the carbon emission reduction policy greatly depends on the reliability of carbon emission information。Carbon footprint is used to measure the carbon emissions of the whole life cycle of the product、Important indicators including carbon emissions information in the supply chain。Carbon label is to represent the information of carbon footprints in the form of quantitative label，It is conducive to the carbon emissions of the government and enterprises to track and manage the supply chain.，To better guide consumers to buy low -carbon products。Carbon label system is an effective system for achieving the control target of total carbon emission control.。But，At present, international carbon label measurement standards are not uniform，There are not many companies and products participating in carbon label certification，The calculation of the carbon footprint of the supply chain is involved in origin、Production time、Energy source used by the factory、Logistics methods and many complex factors，The accuracy of the data is often questioned。Consumers have insufficient cognition of carbon label，The accuracy of the information contained in the carbon label does not establish enough trust，Affecting the purchase of low -carbon products。Another，Low -carbon supply chain members attach different importance to low -carbon，Carbon emissions information sharing is not high，It is difficult to establish an effective synergy mechanism to promote the implementation of the carbon reduction target of the supply chain。Therefore，Carbon emissions information on the supply chain is not transparent enough，Not accurate enough，The level of supply chain collaborative low -carbon management needs to be improved。

third，International Trade bet365 Play online games and Global Supply Chain makes the impact of carbon emissions more complicated。Whether the international trade and global supply chain will exacerbate carbon emissions that bring environmental problems as the focus of the attention of scholars。Due to the goals of carbon emission reduction in various countries、Ability、There are large differences in costs，The policy of emission reduction is also different。Countries with strong carbon reduction will pollute medium supply chain、High energy consumption、The front end of the manufacturing industry with a low technical content is low to some emission reductions、National transfer of carbon regulatory policy，Carsear reduction cars caused by international trade、The phenomenon of carbon leaks appears，It also brings greater environmental problems to developing countries，Can't really achieve global carbon emission reduction。other，International logistics accompanied by the global supply chain will also increase carbon emissions。The call for some developed countries in Europe and the United States in recent years is getting higher and higher，A greater impact on developing countries，Become a new type of trade barriers。According to the research report of the World Bank，Once imported carbon tariffs are fully implemented，China's export value will be reduced by 21%。Therefore，The division of labor cooperation between international trade and global supply chain has brought challenges to global carbon emission reduction。

　　Coordinating the development of low -carbon supply chain

Coordinated supply chain The main body of carbon emission reduction management，Coordinating the development of low -carbon supply chain，Promoting the promotion and application of blockchain technology in low -carbon supply chain management，Coordination and cooperation of global carbon emission reduction，Only to create a low -carbon supply chain that meets the requirements of dual carbon。

First，Multiple measures to promote the development of the low -carbon supply chain。Norwegian、Dutch、Sweden、Practical experience and research in Finland and other countries，Carbon tax reduction policy of carbon tax and carbon transactions, although they have advantages and disadvantages，but not contradictory。Quantity control and price control measures are not opposite，Coordination and coordination of the two、Complement use can avoid fluctuations of carbon transactions bet365 Play online games and carbon emissions，To better reduce the carbon emissions of the supply chain while taking into account the economy。Research indicates，Carbon transactions and carbon tax policies are implemented in parallel，promoted the supply chain、cooperation of downstream enterprises，To better achieve economic and environmental performance，Compatible with other climate policies。Due to transaction、The cost of supervision and detection is higher，Relatively speaking，Carbon trading policy is more suitable for industries or enterprises with relatively large carbon emissions，and the carbon tax policy is more suitable for industries or enterprises with small discharge or large emissions but relatively scattered。At present, the national carbon trading market is only included in some key industries or enterprises，It may cause carbon leak，This requires a carbon tax policy as a supplement，A reasonable carbon tax。Similarly，Different supply chains for different supply chains for carbon emissions and different consumer low -carbon preferences，Division flexibly when implementing a composite carbon emission reduction policy，Avoid overlapping or vacuum。When implementing a composite carbon emission reduction policy，In order to avoid significant fluctuations in prices，Carbon transactions can be controlled within a reasonable range; in order to avoid the effect of carbon emission reduction fluctuations，Carbon tax rate should be formulated in conjunction with the reference carbon transaction price of multiple parties。Another，Compatible and coordination with other climate policies (such as renewable energy policies) need to be considered，To avoid weakening the effect of reducing carbon transactions or carbon tax policies，To better play the role of various policies to achieve dual carbon targets。

Next，Introducing blockchain technology into low -carbon supply chain management。The traceability and non -tampering of blockchain technology make the tracking of carbon footprints easier，can also improve the accuracy of calculation。Consumers when buying low -carbon products，The trust problem contained in the carbon label can also be solved。Enterprises can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate carbon emissions in each link of the supply chain，Design from the product、Procurement、Production、The supply chain structure is adjusted in all aspects of logistics and sales to reduce carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of the product。Transparent Bet365 app download on the blockchain、Reliable and real -time information and smart contracts，Can better realize information sharing between the subjects of the low -carbon supply chain，Collaboration to promote carbon emission reduction，It also provides a more effective guarantee for clarifying carbon emissions responsibilities between the main body of the supply chain。At the same time，With the help of blockchain technology，The government can build a digital low -carbon management platform，Flexible dynamic carbon subsidies and levy dynamic carbon taxes for enterprises。Blockchain technology can also help enterprises develop and manage carbon assets，Provides effective basis for the dynamic pricing of carbon transactions，and improve the efficiency of carbon transactions，Reduce carbon transaction cost。and the Internet of Things technology、Combination of machine learning technology and artificial intelligence，You can access carbon emission data in real time，Statistics and analysis of data，Automatic carbon footprint report，Simulation and optimization of carbon emission reduction scheme。Therefore，The application of blockchain technology can better solve the problem of reliability and carbon reduction collaboration of supply chain information，It can also help the effective implementation of multiple emission reduction policies and measures。

Last，Promote the coordination and cooperation of global carbon reduction reduction。Although the set goals of the carbon trading market in different countries、Function and implementation mechanisms are different，But some researchers have proposed that the country can cooperate，Coordinating the carbon distribution of carbon markets in different countries、Price Formulation、Market management and other mechanisms，Realize the connection of the global carbon market，better serving the carbon emission reduction of the global supply chain。Existing studies，Carbon taxes are more conducive to international synergy，Enhance the company's low -carbon trade competitiveness。Chinese companies should learn low -carbon management concepts，Introduce advanced cleaning environmental protection technology and equipment，Realize low carbonization of production process; learn the management experience of international logistics，Introduction of low -carbon transportation tools，Improve operational efficiency，Reduce carbon emissions of cargo transportation。my country's government bet365 best casino games should actively participate in the formulation of global carbon emission reduction policies，Calculation standards for correction carbon emissions，The effectiveness of improving the international trade climate policy，Responsibility for carbon reduction of big powers。

To sum up，Only actively responding to the new challenge facing the development of low -carbon supply chain management，Coordination and use of various low -carbon policies and measures，Build a low -carbon supply chain for carbon -oriented carbon and carbon，Only to promote the steady development of my country's low -carbon supply chain management，Promote the economy towards energy conservation、Clean direction transformation and development，Finally, the harmonious development of economic and environmental win -win results。

　　(Author Unit: School of Management of Xiamen University; School of Business Administration, Overseas Chinese University)