Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism,is the common expectation Bet365 lotto review people。The report Bet365 lotto review 19th National Congress Bet365 lotto review Communist Party of China proposed that "the common prosperity of all people will be basically realized" by the middle of this century,The Fifth Plenary Session Bet365 lotto review 19th Central Committee Bet365 lotto review Communist Party of China clearly stated that "the common prosperity of all people will achieve more obvious substantive progress" in 2035。“Adhere to the people-centered development idea,Promoting common prosperity in high-quality development” and a series of institutional arrangements,Indicates that promoting common prosperity has become an important part of China’s current modernization development。
Undeniable,Between regions in my country、Between urban and rural areas、There is still a large income gap between different groups,This is a practical problem faced by the primary stage of socialism,Is an important manifestation of unbalanced and inadequate development。Standing at a new starting point in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,On the road to achieving the second centenary goal,Optimizing the income distribution structure is a very important and arduous task,The fundamental way to realize it is to make some necessary adjustments in the distribution Bet365 lotto review。"Build initial allocation、Redistribution、Basic institutional arrangements for coordination and supporting of three distributions”,This is to reform the distribution Bet365 lotto review,Coordinated promotion of common prosperity points the way。
Initial Bet365 lotto review: stimulate market creativity
Initial Bet365 lotto review based on labor、Capital、Land、Distribute the contribution of various production factors such as management and data in the production process。Insist on letting the market play a decisive role in the allocation of production factors and the Bet365 lotto review of factor rewards,Reflects the principle of efficiency first,is the basic principle of my country’s socialist market economy。Practical proof of reform,Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation,Is an important prerequisite for optimizing the allocation of production factors,Is an important foundation for creating wealth and making the “cake” bigger。In the initial allocation field,We must encourage workers to work hard and get rich,Through honest labor、Hard work、Innovation and entrepreneurship to increase income and become rich;To clear the upward flow channel,Create opportunities for more people to get rich,Form a good environment where everyone competes to participate in development。
At the same time,Initial allocation must take into account both efficiency and fairness,Pay attention to protecting labor income,Increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial Bet365 lotto review。The market advocates competition,The result of competition will inevitably bring about a certain gap in income Bet365 lotto review,It is impossible to self-regulate by relying on the internal mechanism of the market。The formation and existence of monopoly behavior、The strong position of capital relative to labor among factors of production、Employment discrimination in the labor market may worsen income Bet365 lotto review。Therefore,The role of the government must be better played,If the minimum wage is improved、Wage payment guarantee、Reasonable wage growth mechanism,Prevent monopolistic behavior、Disorderly expansion and exploitation of capital,Use "visible hand" to ensure fair and reasonable Bet365 lotto review of market economy,Exercise the government’s supervision and management functions。
Redistribution: Give play to the leading role Bet365 lotto review government
Redistribution area,Government participation in income adjustment,Play a balancing role in Bet365 lotto review wealth distribution。Different from initial allocation,In the field of redistribution, more emphasis is placed on the principle of fairness,The state participates in the distribution of Bet365 lotto review wealth within a certain scope and scale by virtue of its political power,The government has strong leadership,Seeking to “share the cake”。Exercise the government’s regulatory function in the field of redistribution,The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to "improve the taxation system"、Bet365 lotto review Security、New requirements for a redistribution adjustment mechanism with transfer payments as the main means。
First, optimize the Bet365 lotto review structure,Enhance Bet365 lotto review regulation function。"Strengthening Bet365 lotto review adjustment,Improving the direct Bet365 lotto review system and gradually increasing its proportion" is the direction of my country's future Bet365 lotto review system reform。China’s Bet365 lotto review structure is dominated by indirect taxes,Small direct Bet365 lotto review ratio。Take personal income Bet365 lotto review as an example,Despite its rapid growth,The proportion of Bet365 lotto review revenue has increased,Also only 8.4%,As for the developed countries, the United States、Germany、Canada’s personal income Bet365 lotto review ratio is above 40%。Real estate Bet365 lotto review among direct taxes、Reforms such as property Bet365 lotto review and gift Bet365 lotto review have not yet achieved substantial breakthroughs。VAT is the main body of indirect Bet365 lotto review,The proportion of value-added Bet365 lotto review in total Bet365 lotto review revenue in 2020 is 36.8%,39 in 2019.5%,The characteristic of indirect taxes is that they are levied on enterprises in the production chain,But the Bet365 lotto review burden will eventually be passed on to ordinary consumers through circulation,Weakened the Bet365 lotto review adjustment function。This and Bet365 lotto review adjustment "form a big middle"、The goals of the small olive distribution structure at both ends do not match,A progressive Bet365 lotto review system with direct Bet365 lotto review as the main body should be gradually constructed,Pay attention to how the Bet365 lotto review system regulates residents’ behavior。Of course,Taxation on high-income groups,On the premise of not damaging labor enthusiasm,Reduce Bet365 lotto review overregulation of income。In the design of indirect taxes such as value-added Bet365 lotto review and consumption Bet365 lotto review,We should also adopt low Bet365 lotto review rates or Bet365 lotto review exemptions for daily consumer goods,Adopt varying degrees of high Bet365 lotto review rates for high-end products such as precious metal products,Thus exerting an indirect regulating effect on the income gap。
The second is to improve the Bet365 lotto review security system,Increase the level of Bet365 lotto review expenditure on people's livelihood。Bet365 lotto review security is the "safety net" and "stabilizer" of a competitive society,Improving the basic functions of Bet365 lotto review security,We must focus on strengthening the basics、Inclusiveness、Building basic livelihood protection,Increase the proportion of expenditures directly used to favor low- and middle-income groups,When any member of society has difficulties in basic life,Everyone can equally obtain "safety" survival opportunities and development rights。Enhance the income redistribution function of Bet365 lotto review security,In medical and health care,Reducing out-of-pocket medical costs through medical and health support for vulnerable groups,Improve the health level of residents,Increase their livelihood potential;In education,Increase investment in education、Vocational training expenditure,Enhance hematopoietic function,Cut off the transmission path of intergenerational poverty,Improving the uneven initial conditions;In terms of employment,Improve equal access to employment opportunities,Promote the realization of more adequate and higher-quality employment。Protecting and improving people’s livelihood must be based on economic development and financial sustainability。
The third is to improve the transfer payment Bet365 lotto review,Pay more attention to the balance and coordination of regional development。Utilize the function of inter-governmental transfer payments,Adjusting the income gap between regions,Basic policy orientation: equalization of per capita financial resources and equalization of public service levels,On the basis of reasonable division of intergovernmental powers,Establish mainly general transfer payment、Transfer payment Bet365 lotto review supplemented by special transfer payments,And be bound by law,Guarantee its stability。Bet365 lotto review construction is guided by the functional area,A differentiated transfer payment Bet365 lotto review that is conducive to balanced regional financial distribution。Move funds to the larger population、Heavy expenditure burden、Individual areas with financial difficulties are tilted,Consolidate the financial foundation for accelerated development。Long time,my country implements an incentive-based transfer payment Bet365 lotto review,Its implementation and GDP、Assessment mechanism linked to fiscal revenue growth,Played the role of "motivating advanced、The role of "promoting backwardness"。We must focus on building a “maintain the basics”、Hold the bottom line,Send help in times of need、Provide transfer payment Bet365 lotto review to support the weak and make up for shortcomings,Allow transfer payments to allocate income and GDP、Complete decoupling of fiscal revenue growth,Fundamentally realize the transformation of transfer payment policy orientation from incentive type to guarantee type。
Three distributions: the "lubricant" of good governance
Three allocations,It should be based on the "self-regulation" mechanism under the concept of social governance,Further solve the problem of "dividing the cake",The function of the government is the designer of the three distribution systems、Managers and supervisors of social organizations。Our country has been charitable since ancient times、The virtue of helping the weak and those in need,Currently working as a student aid、Disaster Relief、Donate、Volunteer organization、Foundations and other aspects have already had rich practices,A group of social philanthropists emerged。Different from mandatory redistribution,Three distributions are moral、Culture、Conducted on a voluntary basis under the influence of habits,Is a useful supplement to redistribution,It is the "lubricant" of good governance,Cannot use force。Social organizations and social forces are the backbone of the three distributions,This is the primary factor to be considered in constructing the basic institutional arrangements for the three distributions。Social morality and social trust are the foundation of the three distributions,Information disclosure、Standard operation、Supervision and management are the key to the health and prosperity of the three distributions。General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to “encourage high-income people and enterprises to return more to society”,We need to improve the system,Create atmosphere,Encourage all income entities to participate in public welfare activities、Make a charitable donation,Introduce and improve a Bet365 lotto review system that encourages three distributions、Provisions on social honor system and other aspects。The three distributions are distributions under the influence of moral force and social customs;In reverse,The action of three distributions will inevitably reshape the moral system and social customs of society,Encourage more social groups to participate in three social welfare activities。
Achieving common prosperity is not just a problem faced by China,It is also a problem that the whole world needs to solve,The whole society’s long-term commitment to common prosperity、Difficulty、Complexity must be fully estimated,Encourage localities to explore effective paths based on local conditions,Summary experience,Gradually push away。Do your best、Act within your capabilities,Establish a scientific public policy Bet365 lotto review,Form a reasonable distribution pattern that everyone can enjoy,Towards common prosperity along the path of Chinese modernization。
(Author’s unit: Institute of Economics, Fujian Academy of Bet365 lotto review Sciences)
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