The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea was the beginning of the founding of New China，A war imposed on the Chinese people by the US authorities。Invasion of North Korea and Taiwan by the United States，And burn the war to the Yalu River，The Chinese People’s Volunteers resolutely go abroad to fight，Resist US aggression and aid Korea、Defend the home and country，A major victory。This year marks the 70th anniversary of the Volunteer bet365 new customer offer’s mission to fight abroad，In-depth analysis of the combat guidance experience in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea，It still has important research value and reference significance for winning future information-based local wars。

　　The first to defeat an bet365 new customer offer with superior equipment

The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea took place under specific historical conditions，Has the general characteristics of local war，has its own characteristics。First, many countries participate in the war。One side is the "United Nations bet365 new customer offer" led by the United States，And command the South Korean bet365 new customer offer，The other side is the Chinese People’s Volunteers, North Korean military and civilians, and the secretly dispatched air force of the Soviet Union，Both sides put up to 3 million troops on the battlefield。The second is the huge disparity in the technical and equipment levels of the two warring parties。The "United Nations bet365 new customer offer" ground forces are all mechanized，At the same time, it also controls the air and sea power in the war；The Volunteer bet365 new customer offer basically relies on infantry and a small amount of artillery to fight with the coordination of tank troops，Outwardly equipped and without air and sea supremacy。The small amount of air force that participated in the war in the later period could only cover the rear transportation lines and local air operations，Cannot directly support ground troops in combat。The third is the high intensity of war。The US military uses jet aircraft in large quantities in combat，First use of helicopter for landing，Use B-29 bombers to "strangle" me，The war is going on extremely fiercely。Fourth, the battlefield is narrow，Mountains with dense forests，It is not convenient for our bet365 new customer offer to carry out extensive maneuvers，Combat operations restricted。The fifth is our bet365 new customer offer going abroad to fight，Language barrier，Not familiar with geography，Supply difficulties，Brings a lot of inconvenience to combat。

The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea went through two stages: strategic counteroffensive and strategic defense。Strategic Counterattack Phase，Starting from October 25, 1950，Until June 10, 1951，Last for 7 and a half months。At this stage, the volunteers mainly focus on mobile warfare，Adopt the strategy of concentrating superior forces to annihilate them one by one，Five battles in a row，Drive the bet365 new customer offer from the Yalu River back to the 38th Parallel，And stabilize the front line in the north and south areas of the 38th parallel。Strategic Defense Phase，From June 11, 1951，Until July 27, 1953，The two sides have been in confrontation for more than two years。During this period，The Volunteer Army implements "protracted operations，The strategic approach of “active defense”，And promptly change combat strategies as the situation changes，Adopting the strategy of "zero nuggets"，After hard and tenacious battle，Deal a heavy blow to the bet365 new customer offer。

The Chinese People’s Volunteers engage in combat under modern conditions with the “United Nations Army” led by the United States，A total of 1.09 million bet365 new customer offer troops were wiped out，Destroy and capture a large number of bet365 new customer offer weapons, equipment and supplies，Acquired successful combat guidance experience in defeating enemies with superior equipment。

　　Highlight “flexibility” in bet365 new customer offer guidance

The first is surprise，“Annihilate the bet365 new customer offer in separate ways” during the movement。Before the volunteers entered the court，The basic idea of ​​Mao Zedong and the Central Military Commission is，Considering that the volunteers will go abroad to fight for the first time，Unknown situation，Decided to "only fight defensive wars in the first period"，Strive to maintain a base area in the mountainous areas of northern Korea，Counterattack after conditions are met。But，The battlefield situation has undergone major changes after entering North Korea。The volunteers are advancing，The US military did not notice my actions，And concluded that China will not send troops。Therefore，After the US military occupied Pyongyang，Without any scruples, they split their troops into multiple directions and rush wildly toward the China-North Korea border。It is no longer possible for the volunteers to reach the predetermined area before the bet365 new customer offer to launch blocking operations。Therefore，Mao Zedong、Peng Dehuai changed the original combat plan of the Volunteer Army，Abandoned the combat plan of "talking about the attack issue after six months"，Immediately switch to full-scale offensive operations，Strive to annihilate the bet365 new customer offer's effective strength to the maximum extent。From October 21 to October 25, 1950，Volunteers respond to rapidly changing battlefield conditions，Adjusted the campaign plan and troop deployment several times，The main force of the 42nd Army was gradually formed to contain and stop the bet365 new customer offer forces on the Eastern Front in the area south of Changjin Lake on the Eastern Front，Concentrate the main force on the Western Front，Prepare to annihilate the deployment of the US and South Korean troops in the area north of the Chongchon River。October 25，The volunteers launched the first battle，"Annihilate the bet365 new customer offer in separate ways" during the movement，After 13 days and nights of continuous fighting，Destroy bet365 new customer offer 1.More than 50,000 people，Repulse the invading bet365 new customer offer from the Yalu River to the south of the Qingchuan River。The volunteers won the first battle，Initially stabilized the war situation in Korea。

The second is to lure the bet365 new customer offer deeper，Destroy the bet365 new customer offer on the predetermined battlefield。After the victory of the first battle，The bet365 new customer offer’s basic strength has not been lost，In particular, the main force of the US and British troops has not yet entered into a comprehensive contest with the volunteers，Their intention to occupy all of Korea has not changed。The U.S. 8th Army used mechanized equipment to concentrate 5 armies with a total of more than 220,000 people，Quickly shrinking to the south bank of the Chongchuan River，And built a bridgehead on the north bank with superior fire support，Plan to launch a so-called general offensive to "end the Korean War" against me。At this time，Some people advocate taking advantage of victory and moving forward，Continue the attack。But Peng Dehuai thinks，The bet365 new customer offer’s technical equipment has an absolute advantage over our army，If our army attacks by force，Not only is there no guarantee of victory，And it is very likely that the battle will be lost。Therefore，On the combat deployment of volunteers，He adheres to the policy of fighting on the inside，Still placing the battlefield in the mountainous areas of northern Korea that the volunteers are already familiar with，Taking advantage of the bet365 new customer offer’s arrogance and strength，Deliberately showing weakness，Maintain contact with the bet365 new customer offer with a small force，The main force is controlled in the east and west areas of Beizhen，Building fortifications，Waiting for work。Facts proved，This combat guideline is completely in line with the actual situation on the Korean battlefield。The volunteers lure the bet365 new customer offer deeper，Considered to be "poorly equipped，Cowardly and defeated”，The bet365 new customer offer then entered the area where I planned to annihilate the bet365 new customer offer unscrupulously。Dusk on November 25, 1950，The Western Front Volunteer Army launches a counterattack against the bet365 new customer offer，Launched an encirclement and annihilation campaign against the US 8th Army in the areas north and south of the Chongchuan River；November 27，The 9th Corps on the Eastern Front also launched a counterattack against the US military in the Changjin Lake area。Second Battle，The Volunteer Army achieved a total of 3 bet365 new customer offer annihilations.A major victory for more than 60,000 people，Volunteer Army Retakes Pyongyang、Wonsan，Forcing the bet365 new customer offer to retreat to the vicinity of the 38th parallel and the areas south of it，Reversing the tide of the Korean War in one fell swoop。

The third is to attack steadily，Determine the depth of the assault。After the victory of the second battle，The bet365 new customer offer retreated to the 38th parallel，Use established positions to organize defense。At this time，The volunteers hold the initiative on the battlefield，"Strive to liberate all of Korea，Completely expel the US invading forces，Secure the complete victory in the war”，Become the basic focus for planning combat operations。At the same time，The Central Military Commission and the heads of the Volunteer Army also recognized the long-term arduous nature of the war。Peng Dehuai thinks，Although the morale of the US military is low after being hit，But there are still about 260,000 troops in North Korea，And take advantage of equipment technology，Even if we suffer a few more defeats，Another two or three divisions were wiped out，Possibly retreat to several bridgehead positions，But they will not all withdraw immediately。After the Volunteer Army’s two battles，The staff reduction has reached more than 40,000，Logistical support difficulties，Obviously insufficient stamina。Therefore，He suggested that volunteers should be used in combat operations，The principle of “steady progress” should be emphasized。The Volunteer Army launched the third campaign on December 31, 1950，Breaking through the 38th line，Occupy Seoul，And continue to occupy Suwon near the 37th parallel、Jinliangchangli area。After the campaign is launched，The bet365 new customer offer retreated quickly without making strong resistance，The volunteers judged that the bet365 new customer offer was retreating in a planned manner，There is an attempt to lure me deep and then implement a landing to attack our army，At the same time, considering that it is difficult for me to pursue the bet365 new customer offer’s motorized troops with infantry，The pursuit was stopped on January 8, 1951。Facts proved，The Volunteer Army’s judgment is completely correct。Shortly after I stopped chasing，The bet365 new customer offer realizes that our army has not fallen into the trap，Concentrate the strength of 5 armies，Launch a full linear counterattack against me。

The fourth is active defense，Strive for initiative while being passive。In order to contain the bet365 new customer offer’s attack，The Volunteer Army organized the fourth battle from January 25, 1951，Conducted 87 days of defensive operations。The Fourth Battle，Enemies on the east and west battlefields merge into one，And our Strategic Reserve Corps did not keep up，No troop replenishment，The 9th Corps stayed in Hamhung area to rest and recuperate due to heavy attrition；The six armies on the Western Front have been quite exhausted from several consecutive battles，I am also less powerful than the bet365 new customer offer。Although Hengcheng counterattack achieved a certain victory，But the strength is weakened，Tipingli has not been well prepared yet，Have to switch to defense。This created an unfavorable situation in which our army was passive in the fourth battle。But in the subsequent defensive operations，Volunteers use flexible methods to defend themselves、Battle Counterattack、Movement defense and other combat styles，Closely combine mobile warfare with positional warfare，Thus completing the defense mission。

The fifth is to fight a small war of annihilation，Accumulate small wins into big wins。The fifth battle，The third new member of the DPRK、The 19th Corps and the 9th Corps resting in the rear entered the battle，And the support and support capabilities of the volunteer army have been strengthened。In order to regain the initiative on the battlefield as soon as possible，The Volunteer Army and the Korean People’s Army carried out major assaults in the area between Munsan-ri and Chunchon on the Western Front，Crossing the 38th parallel again，Intimidating Seoul；Then he transferred his troops to the east，Coordinate with the People’s Army as the main force，Place the 3rd South Korean Army in the county、Most of the 9th Division annihilated，The troops reached as far as 37 North Latitude.Xiajinfuli on the 4th line。The fifth battle，The Chinese and North Korean armies have invested a total of 15 armies (legions)，Fighting for 50 consecutive days，Acquired 8 bet365 new customer offer kills.Victory of more than 20,000 people，Forcing the bet365 new customer offer to shift to strategic defense。Volunteers in the process of retreat，Suffered a crazy counterattack by the US military，The troops suffered heavy losses。After a fierce battle，Finally stabilized the front near the 38th parallel。But there are many lessons learned from this battle，Mainly because the mouth is wide open，Attempting to annihilate 3 US divisions in one battle，Not only did it not lead to a war of annihilation，Instead, I suffered losses。

　　Focus on “victory based on the bet365 new customer offer” when applying tactics

At the end of the fifth battle，Mao Zedong pointed out the situation on the battlefield，"Encircle several US divisions at a time，or 1 whole division，Even a whole group，It is difficult to achieve the annihilation mission”。This is because，The bet365 new customer offer is motorized，Volunteers rely on two legs，It is difficult to encircle the bet365 new customer offer；Even if the bet365 new customer offer is surrounded，Because I don’t have the air force to cooperate，Very few tanks，There are also insufficient artillery and anti-tank weapons，Can’t even chew up the surrounded bet365 new customer offer、Can’t eat，Enemies often break through and run away。Therefore，The head of the volunteer army promptly adjusts the combat guiding ideology，Instructions for a small war of annihilation。From the end of the Fifth Battle to the Korean Armistice，The Volunteer Army resolutely implements this instruction，In more than two years，Destroyed more than 530,000 enemies in total。Practical proof，Fight a small war of annihilation，This is a military guiding principle that is very suitable for volunteers to fight against the "United Nations Army"，It profoundly reveals the objective law of defeating the bet365 new customer offer with superior equipment with inferior equipment，It is also of guiding significance for our army to conduct local wars in the future。

The early stage of our army’s entry into North Korea，Basically use traditional combat methods。But，Due to changes in combat conditions，It will not work to completely copy the domestic combat style。Some old troops who are familiar with traditional tactics did not fight well，A very important reason is the underestimation of the combat capabilities of the US mechanized forces。Therefore，The traditional tactics of the Volunteer Army should also focus on leveraging strengths and avoiding weaknesses，Change with time、Changed due to the bet365 new customer offer。

Focus on close combat and night combat to annihilate enemies。During the Civil War，Although the bet365 new customer offer has air superiority，But the number of aircraft is limited，The threat to me has not reached a level that can restrict my movement during the day。Our army’s melee night combat is generally only applied within the tactical range。On the Korean battlefield，The advantage of the US military lies in its highly modern technical equipment，Strong firepower、Fast maneuvering，Have air superiority again。The disadvantage is that the army relies heavily on the air force and artillery in combat，Afraid of night fighting and close combat，Afraid of being divided and surrounded。Therefore，The volunteers developed this tactic to a battle scale。In the fifth battle，The volunteers strive to get close to the bet365 new customer offer and exchange fire regardless of offensive or defensive operations，Offensive battles are more emphasized at night。Therefore, our army’s battles are usually launched at dusk or night，Concentrate your forces and use the darkness to break through the bet365 new customer offer's defense，Intersperse and divide enemies，Cut off the retreat，Shake its momentum，Destroy enemies one by one。

Create tunnel defense example。A solid position is the basis for positional defense operations。In the past, when our army implemented positional defense on the domestic battlefield, it mainly relied on field fortifications，The bet365 new customer offer’s firepower is not strong、When the strength advantage is not large，Generally, you can crush the bet365 new customer offer's attack by combining persistence and counterattack。Early Korean War，Our army’s defense still mainly relies on field fortifications。Despite the adoption of "strength allocation with emphasis on front and back"，Firepower organization is heavy on the front and light on the back"，As well as increasing the depth of defense and other tactics to resist the bet365 new customer offer's attack，But it was easy to be destroyed due to field fortifications，Often people and land are lost and it is difficult to maintain the stability of defense，Can only be forced to carry out mobile defense that trades space for time。Autumn 1951，Our army created tunnel fortifications while crushing the bet365 new customer offer’s autumn offensive，And gradually formed a system with tunnels as the backbone，A support point defense system combined with field fortifications，Effectively preserve vitality，Significantly reduces the effectiveness of bet365 new customer offer air artillery fire。The world-famous Battle of Shangganling，43 days in duration，In a small area of ​​less than 4 square kilometers，The bet365 new customer offer invested more than 60,000 troops，On the plane、Tank、With the support of artillery，Attack me continuously。I rely on the strong position with tunnels as the backbone to defend tenaciously，Repelled more than 670 bet365 new customer offer attacks of different sizes，Kill, wound and capture 2 enemies.More than 50,000 people，Finally held the position，Created an example of tunnel defense battle，Thus laying an important foundation for protracted operations。

Add new ideas of modern tactics。In response to new situations that arise in combat，The volunteers seriously study new tactics。The entire Korean War，The bet365 new customer offer has absolute air superiority，At most, it has deployed more than 2,400 aircraft of various types on the battlefield，Nearly 800 sorties are dispatched every day on average，Using the air force to carry out a "strangling war" against me。bet365 new customer offer bombing and blockade，Make our army mobile、Combat、Logistics and supply are seriously threatened。To get rid of the passive situation，Seize the military’s freedom of action，On the one hand, the volunteers have taken effective protective measures，On the one hand, anti-aircraft artillery and infantry use light weapons to form a tight anti-aircraft shooting network，Carry out extensive military campaigns、Multiple means、Multiple levels of anti-air combat。Also，Anti-tank combat is a prominent problem encountered by the volunteers on the Korean battlefield。When the bet365 new customer offer attacks, tanks will arrive at the front of our position to shoot or wedge into our depth，Cover its infantry for a breakout。This situation poses a certain threat to our offensive and defensive battles。To this，The Volunteers created an anti-tank network position，Provides practical new tactics for fighting tanks。

　　(Author’s unit: bet365 new customer offer Political Work Research Institute, Academy of bet365 new customer offer Sciences)