Text to carry the way，Inherit civilization with text，It is a major feature of Chinese culture。The vast ancient books are the ocean of the book，It is also a treasure trove that carries the endless cultural genes of the Chinese nation。Draw nutrition from the classics，Copy of real challenges，It is the self -improvement of the Chinese nation、The endless power of the long -lasting power。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，my country attaches great importance to the work of ancient books，Written "Strengthening the Protection and Utilization of Cultural Relics" into a government work report，issued "Opinions on Promoting the Work of Ancient Books in the New Era"。Recent，General Secretary Xi Jinping specifically emphasized，"To use modern scientific and technological means to strengthen the protection and repair and comprehensive utilization of ancient collections，In -depth digging the philosophical thoughts contained in ancient books、Humanistic Spirit、Value concept、Moral specifications，Promote the creative conversion of Chinese excellent traditional culture、Innovative Development "，Direction to inherit the ancient book civilization for us with digital technology。

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Digital humanities are a new research paradigm that uses computer science and technology to humanities in the humanities field。The so -called digitalization，There are actually two steps。First of all, generate data，Complex and diverse "materials"，Standardized processing and model screening by the computer，"Data" that can be recognized by generating machines。Followed by computer modeling for generating massive data、Classification、Gathering、Operation，Reveal the laws。Among them, based on the first step，Is a prerequisite for developing big data research，The second step is the substance，Through long period、text mining of large -scale massive data、Analysis statistics、Robotic artificial intelligence、Visualization and other technologies，Systematic knowledge of fragmented knowledge，hidden knowledge explicitization，Generated knowledge and contact that "small data" studies in the past。

From "small data" to "big data"，"Data" generation bet365 Play online games is premise，It is also a problem that has a long -term problem of digitalization of ancient Chinese books。Digitalization of Chinese ancient books began in the 1980s，Acceleration of development in the past two decades，Now I have achieved great results，But the problem is increasingly obvious。The scanned ancient books are a small part of the ancient native，The ancient book of text is a smaller part。This small part of the text -based ancient book is basically produced by artificial "recording"，High dependence on a large number of artificial marks，This method based on supervision and learning，Time and laborious，Far effect of the effect of large -scale applications，Need a new algorithm to improve。

Ancient Books OCR (Optical Character Recognition) Dilemma，related to the development history of digital humanities，It is part of the global information technology "Pinyin text hegemony"。Digital Humanities Based on the development of information technology since the second industrial revolution，Rise in the 19450s，This digital knowledge generation process is based on Pinyin text，From the Western modern cognitive theory、Method Theory、Director of Technical Language and Social Culture，Text with China、Value is incompatible。A long -term popular opinion thinking，Sound sound words cannot achieve modern information revolution。In the "May 4th" anti -traditional trend，Chinese characters are considered to be a manifestation of cultural backwardness，and want to abolish，On behalf of "Pinyinization of text"，This dispute was not stopped until 1976。

Digitalization of Chinese, especially ancient Chinese, represents a digital text、Unique technical routes for organizationalization and meaning excavation。There is no letter in Chinese at all，How to decompose Chinese characters into characters，Once that the Chinese people hurt their brains。To open the door to open China to the Kingdom of Modern Information，Chinese intellectuals have paid a hundred years of hard work。The problem of modern Chinese is basically solved，But the problems in ancient books continue to exist。On the book body，Youli、、line、Grass、The change of Kai，There are also hand books、The distinction of printing; in typesetting，Start up to the right，There is no distance between words，Page in -page;、Print、Save link，There are carvings、Differences of living characters，Bet365 app download The difference between the carving material、The difference between the old and the old，The difference between dry and wet climate，Paper ink quality high，Carving techniques skilled and sparse，The advantages and disadvantages of preservation conditions，and taboo for the His Holiness、Avoiding Wenzi Prison and other cultural factors，All will affect the form of text and computer recognition，It is really difficult to expand the TEI encoding initiative。

"Reading must first literacy"，Construction of Chinese ancient books OCR standard，It is the method of solving the problem of digital data source problems in ancient books。Based on the complex and changeable factors of ancient books，It is relatively simple for currently、specification、Neat ancient books，The "Chinese Code Heavy Light" OCR platform jointly developed by Sichuan University and Alibabada Institute，The accuracy rate of identification with artificial intelligence has reached 97.5%，Although it has reached a higher level in the industry，But the standards of two thousandth of the error rate of the national publishing text are far from each other。Considering the complexity of ancient books，To further improve the accuracy of OCR of ancient books，Related alien characters also need to be performed、Dictionary and names of the foreign body dictionary、Geographical name、Title、Officer、Construction of Basic Library of Famous Reeds and other basic words，Incorporate the diversity and heterogeneity of ancient books in Chinese characters into the standard system。

　Web weaving ancient meaning from the character and time and space

History is the activity of people in time and space，Animal that people hang on the Internet that weave it，Time、Space and characters The basic dimensions of human history have woven together，Roughly build the basic framework of the ancient meaning world。The question is，Time in ancient books、Space、Character information is very scattered，Complex dimension，It will not appear naturally，Many times they are not synchronized with each other、contradictory。With various ancient books retrieval library、The completion of the special database，Get the time scattered in ancient books、Space、The technology of character information is becoming mature，Links of different resources，Building "Network Infrastructure" has become a consensus to promote digitalization of ancient books。

The dimension of time，is the fundamental of traditional historical research，Not yet the focus bet365 live casino games of research in digital humanities research。From the logic of technical logic，Unified to modern standard time unit，can easily solve this problem。In fact, this has great deception，linear、The time for progress is the product of modernity，The time in history is often relative，It is mainly manifested in several aspects。Second，Different time with modern linear，In ancient times, the time often had cycle、Features of discontinuousness。Second，The cultural construction of time cannot be ignored。Related theory in Chinese history、The debate in the historical installment is all abound。third，There are still a lot of uncertain time in historical documents，For example, the ancestral legend in the family genealogy。fourth，The framework of time is multi -level，The Yearbook School will be divided into long periods、mid -time、Short time，corresponding to geographical time、Society's time and event time。The relationship between each level is intricate，Not like "Russian Set Wa"，Let people know at first。How to choose the appropriate time dimension，Historical experience in time to carry time，Ancient meaning world of architecture，Is a question to be studied in depth。

The dimension of space，Due to the introduction of historical geographic information technology (HGIS), it has made great progress，Preliminary providing a multi -level framework that can integrate other dimensions。Preliminary providing a multi -level framework that can integrate other dimensions，It has derived the "Chinese Civilization Time and Space Infrastructure Platform" (CCTS)，China History Geographic Information System (CHGIS) jointly developed by Fudan University and Harvard University。The latter has been released to the 6th edition，Provide data from the administrative division from Qin Shihuang to the Revolution of 1911，Provides a basic reference for historical space。After more than ten years of development，GIS auxiliary historical geography research，Already from static、Plane、Tower -type historical geographical informatization quantitative analysis，Developed to extract data from multi -source data、Create files for these extracted information、Share with others，Qualitative analysis of specific historical space -time。

Place is also a spatial dimension，Naturally blending historical information in this space category。Local chronicle is a large category of ancient books，There are currently more bet365 Play online games than 10,000 kinds of known existences。These places have been updated since the 12th century，Cover inland，Also covered the frontier，The amount of information is huge，The structure is similar，The best material for digital humanities。Ai Ru Ru Sheng、Carving Dragon、EastView and other data platforms currently include about 7,000 species，but basically no text analysis tools are embedded，It is difficult to use it efficiently。Professor Dagmar Schfer in Germany in 2014 began to develop local history research tools Logarrt，It is mainly used for the history of disaster history，I found a lot of valuable new problems。

People -centered，It is the tradition of Chinese discipline history。Always，Humans try to understand their past from all angles，and China chose people -centered for a long time。In History、Fang Zhi、Family Spectrum and other ancient Chinese literature，Save a lot of historical information，It provides convenience for integrating other historical dimensions from the perspective of human beings。2005 by Harvard University、Taiwan's "Institute of Research"、The Chinese Period Biography Project (CBDB) jointly launched by Peking University，As of 2020，Personal data from 470,000 people from the early 6th century to the early 20th century。This database is established based on character relationships，With the life record of a single character as the core，and via the font size、Relations、The year of birth and death，Expand the relationship between the individual and other characters，Form the so -called "relationship" database，presents individuals in the group、The form and node of the group network，Make statistical analysis for scholars、Analysis of group biography、Social network analysis and spatial analysis provides the basics。Current， CBDB and GIS and other platforms realize data docking，Data from CBDB，You can use the geographical information system to realize the visualization of ancient books data，Markus，Ancient Books Semi -Automatic Marking Platform) Tool，Help online reading and text analysis。

Although the current comprehensive time、The data platform of space and characters has not yet appeared，But at the existing time、Space、Character data platform embedded text mining、Analysis tools and visualization tools for machine learning，Preliminary results have been achieved，and become an important direction for future development。bet365 Play online games Current，The impact brought by this limited integration，Both visual and paradigm are quite considerable，It has transformed for medieval academic transformation、Urbanization、Population History、Disaster History and other important issues brought new understanding。

　　Focus on new research issues

Mr. Chen Yinke said: "Academic，There must be new materials and new problems。Take this material，Seeking questions，is the new trend of academic academics in this era。"The contemporary contemporary humanities rise，It is an era when human civilization is facing a huge challenge，Many systems are facing a deep crisis，For example，Environment、Economy、Health、Education、Science、Information、Politics，etc.。The causes of these crises，The traceability of the roots is related to the modern crisis from the West。With modern technology，Draw the wisdom and experience from ancient books，Help us jump out of the current dilemma，From the longer time period、Broadly space、More various group angles，Think about the current question。

Big data is big，Not because of the large amount of data，Overloading data with no problem consciousness，Only "five colors are blind"，Make people lost direction。The true meaning of big data，It has expanded the scale and scope of human research，For longer thinking for thinking、Small space、More diverse problems with the crowd provide new research methods。Many questions that can be discussed，No one，But there are two that need to be mentioned。First is the establishment of cultural self -confidence。"Looking at humanities，to turn into the world "，In the historical process of "turning into China"，The Chinese nation has created many miracles in the history of human civilization。Chinese ancestors conform to nature、Reconstruction of nature，In the world's highest mountain and the largest ocean, East Asian continent，There will be a variety of landforms、Diverse nation、Diversity culture is included in a unified multi -ethnic country，Lest the country for a long time，People live in peace and work，Culture for a long time，Created brilliantly、Ancient civilization of the Book of History。These rich historical experience and wisdom，Experience compilation and compilation，integrated into the traditional classics system，Waiting for combining modern technology to reveal。

The second is to deal with the common crisis of the community of human bet365 Play online games destiny。In the past few decades，Global History Research Age becomes shorter and shorter、The more the question is smaller and smaller。But，Since the Industrial Revolution，Human Chronicle brings global acceleration，For a while, the population increases、Energy crisis、Climate Change、Species extinction and other problems come all over，Let the human researchers who are accustomed to using modern thinking and thinking about limited space and space are helpless。Research method with digital humanities，Learn from the wisdom in Chinese classics，Perform large -span interdisciplinary research，Can provide new ideas for solving these problems。

This is not to say that you need to replace the traditional schooling method with digital humanities。The greatest significance of digital humanities，It is enriched the research method of the humanities discipline，opened a new field of ancient books research。Each research method has its own advantages and restrictions，Big data is no exception。The length of the number is in Bo，The length of humanities is in schedule，Fang Yizhi，Yuan Er God，Only the combination of numbers and humanities，can be dominant problems，Only a large -scale material，The wisdom in the treasures of ancient books is used in ancient times，Himmons。

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Sichuan University)